Sometimes, an extraordinary commemorative prize is also awarded, such as the José Lins do Rego prize, in 2001, and the Afonso Arinos prize, in 2005.

When King Afonso I of Kongo whose Kongo name was Mvemba a Nzinga, the second Christian king, was facing a rival, his brother Mpanzu a Kitima, in battle, he reported that a vision of Saint James and the Heavenly Host appeared in the sky, frightened Mpanzu a Kitima's soldiers, and gave Afonso the victory.

Thus the possibility of re-incorporating Portugal ( up to then Southern Galicia ) into a Kingdom of Portugal and Galicia as before was eliminated and Afonso became sole ruler ( Duke of Portugal ) after demands for independence from the county's church and nobles.

After being excommunicated for his audacities by Pope Honorius III, Afonso II promised to make amends to the church, but he died in 1223 before making any serious attempts to do so.

When the campaigns in Africa were over, Afonso V found new grounds for battle in the Iberian Peninsula.

The city is also famous for the Convento de Jesus ( now known as the City Museum " Santa Joana "), built in the 15th century, which contains the tomb of the daughter of Afonso V, St. Joana, who died in 1490.

When Edward died eight years later, Henry supported his brother Peter for the regency during Afonso V's minority, and in return received a confirmation of this levy.

At the court of Guimarães he was the councilor and spokesman for King Afonso III of Portugal in church matters.

Innocent IV was responsible for the eventual deposition of King Sancho II of Portugal at the request of his brother Afonso ( later King Afonso III of Portugal ).

King Afonso V of Portugal granted him the lands in Cabo Girão district of the Madeira Islands, rent-free for the rest of his life.

Thus the possibility of incorporating Portugal into the Kingdom of Galicia was eliminated and Afonso become sole ruler ( Duke of Portugal ) after demands for independence from the county's people, church and nobles.

Legend has magnified the victory into the rout of 200, 000 Muslims under five kings ; but so far was the battle from being decisive that in 1140 the Moors were able to seize the fortress of Leiria, built by Afonso in 1135 as an outpost for the defence of Coimbra, his capital.

But on March 15, 1147 Afonso stormed the fortress of Santarém, and about the same time a band of crusaders on their way to Palestine landed at Porto in 16 June 1147, and volunteered for the impending siege of Lisbon.

The reign of Afonso II (" the Fat ") is noteworthy for the first meeting of the Portuguese Cortes, to which the upper hierarchy of the Church and the nobles ( fidalgos and ricos homens ) were summoned by royal writ.

An unwise foreign policy simultaneously injured the royal prestige, for Afonso married his own niece, Joanna, daughter of Henry IV of Castile, and claimed the kingdom in her name.

In the same year, Ferdinand defeated King Afonso I of Portugal, who, in 1163, had occupied Salamanca in retaliation for the repopulation of the area ordered by the King of León.

When Gomes charter came up for renewal in 1474, Prince John ( future John II ), asked his father Afonso V of Portugal to pass the African charter to him.

Despite these incidences of occasional violence between African and European forces however, many African states were able to ensure that any trade went on in their own terms, imposing custom duties on foreign ships, and in one case that occurred in 1525, the Kongolese king, Afonso I, seized a French vessel and its crew for illegally trading on his coast.

The sloops were commissioned in 1935, being designed for long-range patrol missions, having great autonomy but slower speeds and less armament than the frigates used by Portugal in her Atlantic fleet ; the NRP Afonso de Albuquerque was an obsolete combat ship used for patrol purposes.

1503 – 1515 — Establishment of monopolies on maritime trade routes to the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf by Afonso de Albuquerque, an admiral, for the benefit of Portugal

Unfortunately for the Jews, he decided that he wanted to marry Infanta Isabella of Aragon, then heiress of the future united crown of Spain ( widow of his nephew Prince Afonso ).

This relationship with the Catholic Church made it possible for John to name whomever he wanted to important religious positions in Portugal: his brothers Henry and Afonso were made Cardinals, and his natural son Duarte was made Archbishop of Braga.

Spain is known for the Nova Cançó tradition — exemplified by Joan Manuel Serrat and Lluis Llach ; the Portuguese folk / protest singer and songwriter José Afonso helped lead a revival of Portuguese folk culture, including a modernized, more socially-aware form of fado called nova canção.

In August 1522, Martim Afonso de Melo Coutinho arrived at Tuen Mun with three ships, unaware of the conflict and expecting to meet with Chinese officials on establishing consent for a Portuguese trade base in China.

Afonso, born in 1109, took the title of Prince after taking the throne of his mother, supported by the generality of the Portuguese nobility who disliked the alliance between Galicia and Portugal Countess Theresa had come to, marrying a second time the most powerful Galician count.

The first-born of this union, Infanta Maria of Portugal, married King Alfonso XI of Castile in 1328, at the same time that Afonso IV's heir, Peter I of Portugal, was promised to another Castilian infanta, Constance of Peñafiel.

Isabella died in 1455 and Afonso married again ( although not recognized by the Papacy ) in 1475, this time to Joanna of Castile ( known as " La Beltraneja "), daughter of Henry IV of Castile and Joan of Portugal.

In August 1511 on behalf of the king of Portugal, Afonso de Albuquerque conquered Malacca, which at the time was the hub of Asian trade.

Next, on 25 April 1974 at 12: 20 am, Radio Renascença broadcast Grândola, Vila Morena, a song by Zeca Afonso, an influential folk and political musician-singer forbidden on Portuguese radio at the time.

In 1507, Portuguese forces under command of Afonso de Albuquerque had conquered Socotra in the mouth of the Red Sea and, for a short time, Ormuz in the Persian Gulf.

In 1338, during the reign of Afonso IV, it was once again transferred to Lisbon, from whence it returned in 1354, this time to the centre of the town which was then in full expansion.

The seat of the municipality is Feira, famous for its medieval castle which was the residence of Portugal's first king, Afonso Henriques, for a short period of time.

He achieved this by marrying a second time, to Joan of Portugal in 1455, and by meeting Afonso V of Portugal in Elvas in 1456.

The rivalry goes back to when the City of Braga was the ancient capital of Gallaecia and the largest Portguese city by the time the Kingdom of Portugal was formed by Afonso I of Portugal.

It is a decree during the age of minority of that monarch ( Afonso V ), dated 2 od July 1439, where the Infante D. Henrique is authorized to send to the first seven islands of the Azores, at the time discovered, the first families, when years before there were scattered some head of cattle.

Father Carvalho, around this time, listed Afife, in whole or in part, pertained to King Afonso III, granted half of this parish to the church of Santa Maria de Sá, in Ponte de Lima, in 1262, which pertained to the Episcopal seat of Tui, in exchange for patronage of Santa Maria da Vinha in Areosa.

:" From Calheta the captain passed below an area that ended at a point over the sea ... and being here, they collected from the boat of Tristão and the boat of Álvaro Afonso a fish that looked like porgy, of a marvellous greatness and the largest that, until that time, was ever seen ; for this reason, because of the fish, the point was named porgy.

Count Afonso is buried in the crypt of the main church of Ourém in a magnificent Gothic tomb created by one of Portugal's main sculptors of the time, Diogo Pires-o-Velho.

This figure illustrates the path of Vasco da Gama heading for the first time to India ( black ) as well as the trips of Pêro da Covilhã ( orange ) and Afonso de Paiva ( blue ).

However, the events in question are poorly recorded in documents from the time, a reasonable alternative would be that some or all of these second set of islands were discovered by Diogo Dias, Diogo Afonso and Alvise Cadamosto.

Coelho left Portugal for a third time on April 14, 1503 as captain of the " Faial " with the armada of Afonso de Albuquerque, but died while returning home to Portugal in January 1504 along with Francisco de Albuquerque, Afonso's cousin, near the shallows of São Lázaro, modern day Quirimbas Islands, Mozambique.

Portugal saw many social and political changes in his time, such as: the growth of the new nobility of the ' Illustrious Generation ' ( Ínclita Geração ) ( the children of John I and Philippa of Lancaster ); the conquest of Ceuta ; the insurrection of Lisbon against the Queen Mother, Leonor of Aragon ; the election of Pedro, Duke of Coimbra, to the regency ; a civil war between Pedro and Afonso V ; and the subsequent Battle of Alfarrobeira, where Pedro died.

John was born in Seville in 1478 to the sovereigns of Castile, Isabella I and Ferdinand V. At the time, his parents were involved in the War of Castilian Succession against Isabella's niece Joanna la Beltraneja, wife of King Afonso V of Portugal.