Although the formalisation of logic was much advanced by the work of such figures as Gottlob Frege, Giuseppe Peano, Bertrand Russell, and Richard Dedekind, the story of modern proof theory is often seen as being established by David Hilbert, who initiated what is called Hilbert's program in the foundations of mathematics.

Although it has been reported that Indro Montanelli, the 20th century Italian journalist, is the grandson of Giuseppe Montanelli, there is in fact no relation between the two.

Although he performed and recorded some bel canto and verismo roles, he is above all associated with the operas of Giuseppe Verdi, including a large number of the composer's lesser-known works that he helped revive.

Although jubilant at the birth of his first son, Giuseppe Grimaldi spent little time with Brooker, living mostly with Perry, but probably maintaining other mistresses as well.

Although Grimaldi's stage career was flourishing, Giuseppe enrolled him at Mr Ford's Academy, a boarding-school in Putney, which educated the children of theatrical performers.

Although Brewster patented kaleidoscope in 1817 ( GB 4136 ), a copy of the prototype was shown to London opticians and copied before the patent was granted.

Although on the surface an entertaining escapist romance, alert contemporary readers would have quickly recognized the political subtext of Ivanhoe, which appeared immediately after the English Parliament, fearful of French-style revolution in the aftermath of Waterloo, had passed the Habeas Corpus Suspension acts of 1817 and 1818 and other extremely repressive measures and when traditional English Charter rights versus revolutionary human rights was a topic of discussion.

Although he died in 1817, Jefferson refused to act.

Although Cuffee died in 1817, his efforts may have " set the tone " for the American Colonization Society ( ACS ) to initiate further settlements.

Although at the end of 1817 he was not to know it, Stirling was to be without a command for eight years.

Although the admission of Mississippi on December 10, 1817, did not increase the numerical requirement, the entry of Illinois on December 3, 1818, did elevate that minimum to 16 state adoptions necessary for the TONA to be incorporated into the Constitution.

Although a Presbyterian as late as April 1816, Vesey co-founded a branch of the African Methodist Episcopal Church in 1817.

Although he was an excellent student, Šafárik had to leave the University of Jena in May 1817 for unknown reasons ( probably lack of money ).

Although he had lost the Principality of Regensburg, Dalberg retained the title of Archbishop of Regensburg until his death in 1817, after which time the archbishopric was downgraded to a suffragan diocese of Munich and Freising.

Although in 1817 the town petitioned the Master of the Rolls, complaining boarders were favored over day boys, its complaints were rejected.

Although the Marquess was born and baptised with the name of George Spencer, soon after succeeding to the Dukedom of Marlborough, he had it legally changed on 26 May 1817 to George Spencer-Churchill.

Narayanan – AIR India Reporter 1988 Court Page No. 1381 ; 1988 Volume No. 3 SCC Court Cases Page No. 366 ; 1988 PLJR 78 – Although an affidavit may be taken as proof of the facts stated therein, the Courts have no jurisdiction to admit evidence by way of affidavit.

Although England decisively won the Ashes 4 – 1, Bodyline caused such a furore in Australia that diplomats had to intervene to prevent serious harm to Anglo-Australian relations, and the MCC eventually changed the Laws of cricket to curtail the number of leg side fielders.

Although the Atanasoff – Berry Computer was an important step up from earlier calculating machines, it was not able to run entirely automatically through an entire problem.

Although the increased contact brought by trade between the Japanese and the Ainu contributed to increased mutual understanding, sometimes it led to conflict, occasionally intensifying into violent Ainu revolts, of which the most important was Shakushain's Revolt ( 1669 – 1672 ).

Although the Falcons won 3 of their last 4 games after the return of Michael Vick, they ended up with a dismal 5 – 11 record that year.

Although anthems were written in the Elizabethan period by Tallis ( 1505 – 1585 ), Byrd ( 1539 – 1623 ), and others, they are not mentioned in the Book of Common Prayer until 1662, when the famous rubric " In quires and places where they sing here followeth the Anthem " first appears.

Although a wide variety of graphite tube designs have been used over the years, the dimensions nowadays are typically 20 – 25 mm in length and 5 – 6 mm inner diameter.

Although Villeroi had the option of enveloping the flanks of the Allied army as they deployed on the plateau of Jandrenouille – threatening to encircle their army – the Duke correctly gauged that the characteristically cautious French commander was intent on a defensive battle along the ridge-line.

Deane and J. R. Thomson write this valid conclusion, “ The Book of Obadiah is occupied with one subject – the punishment of Edom for its cruel and unbrotherly love conduct towards Judah ...” One can link this idea of punishment to one of the major prophets “ Ezekiel ” who “... interprets the exile to Babylon and the destruction of Jerusalem as deserved punishments for the sins of those who themselves committed them .” Verses 3-7 in Obadiah explain to the reader the reason for the punishment theme, “ Confidence in one ’ s power, intelligence, allies, or the topographical features of one ’ s territory is often mentioned as an attribute of those who foolishly confront the Lord and are consequently punished .” Although destruction is vital to understanding Obadiah, it is of note to understand the destruction being a consequence of action.

Although it's increasingly common for couples – particularly younger couples – to have " power neutral " relationships and / or play styles, activities and relationships within a BDSM context are often characterized by the participants ' taking on complementary, but unequal roles ; thus, the idea of informed consent of both the partners becomes essential.

Although not formalised and acknowledged as a mythos per se, Lovecraft did correspond with contemporary writers ( Clark Ashton Smith, Robert E. Howard, Robert Bloch, Frank Belknap Long, Henry Kuttner, and Fritz Lieber – a group referred to as the " Lovecraft Circle ") – and shared story elements: Robert E. Howard's character Friedrich Von Junzt reads Lovecraft's Necronomicon in the short story " The Children of the Night " ( 1931 ), and in turn Lovecraft mentions Howard's Unaussprechlichen Kulten in the stories " Out of the Aeons " ( 1935 ) and " The Shadow Out of Time " ( 1936 ).

Although they had their best season in decades at 92 – 70, they lost key games against the Mets and finished the season a disappointing eight games out of first place while the Mets exploded past them by winning 39 of their last 50 games.

Although the college game has a much larger margin for talent than its pro counterpart, the sheer number of fans following major colleges provides a financial equalizer for the game, with Division I programs – the highest level – playing in huge stadiums, six of which have seating capacity exceeding 100, 000.

Although Bohr, Fowler, Pauli, and other physicists agreed with Chandrasekhar's analysis, at the time, owing to Eddington's status, they were unwilling to publicly support Chandrasekhar .< sup >, pp. 110 – 111 </ sup > Through the rest of his life, Eddington held to his position in his writings, including his work on his fundamental theory.

Although most cranberries are wet-picked as described above, 5 – 10 % of the US crop is still dry-picked.

Although Lyell did not publicly accept evolution ( descent with modification ) at the time of writing the Principles, after the Darwin – Wallace papers and the Origin Lyell wrote in his notebook:

Although Eusebius does not say as much, the temple of Aphrodite was probably built as part of Hadrian's reconstruction of Jerusalem as Aelia Capitolina in 135, following the destruction of the Jewish Revolt of 70 and the Bar Kokhba revolt of 132 – 135.

Although Diffie – Hellman key agreement itself is an anonymous ( non-authenticated ) key-agreement protocol, it provides the basis for a variety of authenticated protocols, and is used to provide perfect forward secrecy in Transport Layer Security's ephemeral modes ( referred to as EDH or DHE depending on the cipher suite ).

Although it had at first been somewhat established in many colonies, in 1861 it was ruled that, except where specifically established, the Church of England had just the same legal position as any other church.

Although Maxwell did not explicitly mention the sea of molecular vortices, his derivation of Ampère's circuital law was carried over from the 1861 paper and he used a dynamical approach involving rotational motion within the electromagnetic field which he likened to the action of flywheels.

Although methods for developing color photos were available as early as 1861, they did not become widely available until the 1940s or 50s, and even so, until the 1960s most photographs were taken in black and white.

Although he left Hiram in 1861 to take up the Civil War command of Company A of the 42nd Ohio Volunteer Infantry, a regiment recruited from Hiram, Garfield's name appeared in the Institute's catalogs until 1863.

Although the school had begun classes in 1847, a longer lasting building did not succeed ( due to fires ) until 1861.

Although the name " Bonnie Blue " dates only from 1861, several authors have claimed that the Civil War flag is identical with the banner of the Republic of West Florida, which broke away from Spanish West Florida in September 1810 and was annexed by the United States 90 days later.

Although famous, the Introduction was not written until 1861 after the initial success of the first edition.

Although the Radical Senators desired the immediate emancipation of slaves, President Lincoln, in 1861, was initially resistant to freeing the slaves, since the Union slave states Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri would be encouraged to join the Confederacy.

Although his life was hard after Kuniyoshi's death in 1861, he did manage to produce some work, 44 prints of his being known from 1862.

Although he supported the war effort in 1861, he blamed abolitionists for prolonging the war and denounced the government as increasingly despotic.

Although the seizure of goods on land had been settled soon afterwards, the ship-owners were still fruitlessly pursuing their claims for compensation from the British Government as late as 1861.

Although he never received his Ph. D., he studied chemistry in Germany at the Academy of Mines ( 1859 ) of Freiberg, and served as an assistant to Robert Bunsen at Heidelberg, and then with Wurtz in Paris ( 1861 ).

Although prior to 1861 the Old School refrained from denouncing slavery, the issue was a matter of debate between Northern and Southern components of the denomination.

Although rejected on June 20, it is the first serious U. S. Navy consideration given to acquisition of an aviation ship since the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ).

Although central Box Hill was established as a post town in 1861, Box Hill North was largely developed as a suburban area following the Second World War.

Although various sources say it was first known as " sauce Isigny " ( a town in Normandy said to have been renowned for the quality of its butter ), Isabella Beeton's Household Management had recipes in the first edition ( 1861 ) for " Dutch sauce, for fish " ( p. 405 ) and its variant on the following page, " Green sauce, or Hollandaise verte ".

Although the faster version of 1802 could operate at 5 MHz ( at 5 V ; it was faster at 10 V ), it was usually operated at 3. 58 MHz / 2 to suit the requirements of the 1861 chip which gave a speed of a little over 100, 000 instructions per second.

Although major games were played at the Domain, the Garrison Ground was used for practice by the NSW cricket team in 1860 and by the Victorian team in 1861 the before inter-colonial matches in those years.

Although he personally did not favor secession of Virginia from the Union, at the outset of the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), he helped form local militia in the Peninsula region of Hampton Roads.

Although the park was known for its union rallies and for the large 1861 gathering in support of Union troops, it was actually named for its location at the " union " of Bloomingdale Road ( now Broadway ) and Eastern Post Road ( now extinct ) decades before these gatherings.

Although he opposed secession, Pillow joined the Confederacy just after the start of the Civil War, beginning as the senior major general in the Tennessee Militia as of May 9, 1861.

Although the genus Prumnopitys was first described in 1861, was only from 1978 that it was widely distinguished as distinct from the allied genus Podocarpus, despite the marked differences in cone development with different parts of the cone structure becoming fleshy and berry-like.

Although Yixuan kept a low profile in the Qing imperial court during the Xianfeng Emperor's 11-year reign, his fortune was made by his sister-in-law Noble Consort Yi ( later Empress Dowager Cixi ) after Xianfeng's death in 1861.

Although his father died in 1861, and notwithstanding the financial hardships which were widespread in the South brought on by the Civil War which began that year, from a family base in Rockbridge and Augusta counties, where his mother and siblings relocated, young William Nelson Page was educated at the University of Virginia as a civil engineer.