Although the Af calculation is obvious by analogy with that for gravitational field and osmotic pressure, it is interesting to confirm it by a method which can be generalized to include related effects.

Although there is no question but that the process of washing fabrics involves a number of phenomena which are related together in an extremely complicated way and that these phenomena and their interrelations are not well understood at the present, this section attempts to present briefly an up-to-date picture of the physical chemistry of washing either fabrics or hard surfaces.

Although some speculate that it is related to Latin algēre, " be cold ", there is no known reason to associate seaweed with temperature.

Although there have been attempts to show that the Ainu language and the Japanese language are related, modern scholars have rejected that the relationship goes beyond contact, such as the mutual borrowing of words between Japanese and Ainu.

Although traditionally Manet has been related as the master and Morisot as the follower, there is evidence that their relationship was a reciprocating one.

Although no biological role for chromium has ever been demonstrated, dietary supplements for chromium include chromium ( III ) picolinate, chromium ( III ) polynicotinate, and related materials.

Although not closely related, the coyote evolved separately to fill roughly the same ecological niche in the Americas that is filled in Eurasia and Africa by the similarly sized jackals.

Although less common, it may also present in patients with a history of chronic alcoholism or other conditions related to decreased liver function.

Although current trends in genetics have raised questions amongst critical academics concerning parallels between pre-war attitudes about eugenics and current " utilitarian " and social theories allegedly related to Darwinism, they are, in fact, only superficially related and somewhat contradictory to one another.

Although closely related, the disciplines of economics and finance are distinctive.

Although not used until the 20th century, the phrase is related to the ideas of plain speech and simplicity which Fox practiced, but motivated by the more worldly goal of eradicating war, injustice and oppression.

Although related, the distinctions among these measures mean that a random variable with high Shannon entropy is not necessarily satisfactory for use in an extractor and so for cryptography uses.

Although modern laws in Ecuador now prohibit its use as a weapon, there are still cases of vicious fighting or intimidation related to it.

* Iceland: Although the inhabitants are ethnically related to other Scandinavian groups, the national culture and language are found only in Iceland.

Although the legal force of the document was not established and it was not incorporated directly into either the American or German law, the Nuremberg Code and the related Declaration of Helsinki are the basis for the Code of Federal Regulations Title 45 Volume 46, which are the regulations issued by the United States Department of Health and Human Services governing federally-funded human subjects research in the United States.

Although the okapi bears striped markings reminiscent of zebras, it is most closely related to the giraffe.

Although producing accurate models remains a challenge when only distantly related template structures are available, it has been suggested that sequence alignment is the bottleneck in this process, as quite accurate models can be produced if a " perfect " sequence alignment is known.

Although a number of other PAGAD members were arrested and convicted of related crimes, none were convicted of the Cape Town bombings.

Although it is closely related to the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice, and open water, and for hunting the seals which make up most of its diet.

Although an STI is often the cause, many other routes are possible, including lymphatic, postpartum, postabortal ( either miscarriage or abortion ) or intrauterine device ( IUD ) related, and hematogenous spread.

Although alcohol consumption did decline as a whole, there was a rise in alcohol consumption in many cities along with significant increases in organized crime related to its production and distribution.

Although statistics do not currently show a threat to software engineering itself ; a related career, computer programming does appear to have been affected.

Although people in the family are related to one another, the relations do not exist independently of the people.

Although coming from a humble background that was not dynastically related to the Severan dynasty, he rose through the imperial household until, under the emperor Caracalla, he was made prefect of the praetorian guard.

Although the laws of the various states, in general, specify the situs of property, i.e., residence or domicile of the owner, or location of the property, the exceptions regarding boats, airplanes, mobile homes, etc., seem to add to the uncertainty of the proper origination point for assessment.

Although Miller noted in 1907 that a difference in the pleural blood supply existed between animals, nowhere in his published works is it found that he did a comparative study of the intrapulmonary features of various mammalian lungs other than in the dog and cat ( Miller, '13 ; ;

Although we are still far from a complete understanding of these problems, as a first approximation, it is suggested that alterations in the hypothalamic balance with consequent changes in the hypothalamic-cortical discharges account for major changes in behavior seen in various moods and states of emotions in man and beast under physiological circumstances, in experimental and clinical neurosis, and as the result of psychopharmacological agents.

Although no national norms exist for the social development of children, the teacher can find a great deal of information concerning types of social behavior normally displayed by children at various age levels.

Although agates may be found in various kinds of rock, they are classically associated with volcanic rocks and can be common in certain metamorphic rocks.

Although various Ambrosians were given the title of Blessed in recognition of their holiness: Antonio Gonzaga of Mantua, Filippo of Fermo, and Gerardo of Monza, the order was eventually dissolved by Pope Innocent X in 1650.

Although most dialects of English used in the former British Empire outside of North America and Australasia are, to various extents, based on British English, most of the countries concerned have developed their own unique dialects, particularly with respect to pronunciation, idioms and vocabulary.

Although colour change in leaves occurs wherever deciduous trees are found, coloured autumn foliage is noted in various regions of the world: most of Anglo-America, Eastern Asia ( including China, Korea, and Japan ), Europe, parts of Australia and New Zealand.

Although oxidation reactions are crucial for life, they can also be damaging ; plants and animals maintain complex systems of multiple types of antioxidants, such as glutathione, vitamin C, and vitamin E as well as enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and various peroxidases.

Although the various Baltic tribes were mentioned by ancient historians as early as 98 B. C., the first attestation of a Baltic language was in about 1350, with the creation of the Elbing Prussian Vocabulary, a German to Prussian translation dictionary.

Although Basic English was not built into a program, similar simplifications have been devised for various international uses.

Although besieged on numerous occasions by various peoples, it was taken only in 1204 by the army of the Fourth Crusade, in 1261 by Michael VIII, and in 1453 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II.

Although all of these behaviors merge into each other seamlessly in various bonding situations so that there is no clear line to be drawn between them, nevertheless behaviors of atoms become so qualitatively different as the character of the bond changes quantitatively, that it remains useful and customary to differentiate between the bonds that cause these different properties of condensed matter.

Although there are various paths and catalysts involved in the CNO cycles, simply speaking all these cycles have the same net result:

Although the term " clitic " can be used descriptively to refer to any element whose grammatical status is somewhere in between a typical word and a typical affix, linguists have proposed various definitions of " clitic " as a technical term.

Although control systems of various types date back to antiquity, a more formal analysis of the field began with a dynamics analysis of the centrifugal governor, conducted by the physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1868 entitled On Governors.

Although not strictly " class action litigation " as it is understood in American law, Public Interest Litigation arose out of the wide powers of judicial review granted to the Supreme Court of India and the various High Courts under Articles 32 and 226 of the Constitution of India respectively.

Although Van Gogh never boarded with him, Pissarro did explain to him the various ways of finding and expressing light and color, ideas which he later used in his paintings, notes Lucien.

Although the court at Celliwig is the most prominent in remaining early Welsh manuscripts, the various versions of the Welsh Triads agree in giving Arthur multiple courts, one in each of the areas inhabited by the Britons: Cornwall, Wales and the Old North.

Although various notations are used throughout the literature to denote that two elements a and b of a set are equivalent with respect to an equivalence relation R, the most common are " a ~ b " and " a ≡ b ", which are used when R is the obvious relation being referenced, and variations of " a ~< sub > R </ sub > b ", " a ≡< sub > R </ sub > b ", or " aRb ".

Although production levels give an overview, the history of British cinema is complex, with various cultural movements developing independently.

Although in contemporary usage free markets are commonly associated with capitalism, free markets have been advocated by socialists and have been included in various different proposals for market socialism.

Although generally quiet and non-vocal, giraffes have been heard to communicate using various sounds.

Although the Holy See, as distinct from the Vatican City State, does not fulfil the long-established criteria in international law of statehood — having a permanent population, a defined territory, a stable government and the capacity to enter into relations with other states — its possession of full legal personality in international law is shown by the fact that it maintains diplomatic relations with 179 states, that it is a member-state in various intergovernmental international organizations, and that it is: " respected by the international community of sovereign States and treated as a subject of international law having the capacity to engage in diplomatic relations and to enter into binding agreements with one, several, or many states under international law that are largely geared to establish and preserving peace in the world.

Although coming under the sway of various empires and home to a variety of ethnicities, it was predominantly Jewish until the Jewish – Roman wars after which Jews became a minority in most regions, except Galilee.