Although computing a power spectrum from a map is in principle a simple Fourier transform, decomposing the map of the sky into spherical harmonics, in practice it is hard to take the effects of noise and foreground sources into account.

Although the spoken introduction to the short piece of music is quite clear, the piano playing is largely inaudible due to heavy surface noise.

Although this would generate unacceptable distortion in a music signal, the peaky nature of speech waveforms, combined with the simple frequency structure of speech as a periodic waveform having a single fundamental frequency with occasional added noise bursts, make these very simple instantaneous compression algorithms acceptable for speech.

Although wide bandwidth sources typically suffer from low spectral power per unit frequency, the photomultiplier tube offers high gain ( about ) amplification of photon shot noise, making it advantageous over other lower gain noise sources.

Although the threshold of hearing is typically around 0 dB SPL, this is in fact very quiet indeed, and appliances are more likely to have noise levels of 30 to 40 dB SPL.

Although the UK and Japan enacted national laws in 1960 and 1967 respectively, these laws were not at all comprehensive or fully enforceable as to address ( a ) generally rising ambient noise ( b ) enforceable numerical source limits on aircraft and motor vehicles or ( c ) comprehensive directives to local government.

Although it seems to lack any definite pattern, pseudo random noise consists of a deterministic sequence of pulses that will repeat itself after its period.

Although almost all whistles have some musical character, common whistles are not usually considered musical instruments, since they cannot play a melody, unless used as a – very shrill and loud – noise and rhythm instrument.

Although this mode is faster, the photoconductive mode tends to exhibit more electronic noise.

Although self-organised criticality has been able to reproduce 1 / f noise in sandpile models, there are no simple mathematical models to create pink noise.

Although genetically variable it is a normal concomitant of aging and is distinct from hearing losses caused by noise exposure, toxins or disease agents.

Although it is not strictly necessary to have two bit lines, both the signal and its inverse are typically provided in order to improve noise margins.

Although ideally a brake would convert all the kinetic energy into heat, in practice a significant amount may be converted into acoustic energy instead, contributing to noise pollution.

Although Russolo's works bear little resemblance to contemporary noise music such as Japanoise his efforts helped to introduce noise as a musical aesthetic and broaden the perception of sound as an artistic medium .< ref > László Moholy-Nagy in 1923 recognized the unprecedented efforts of the Italian Futurists to broaden our perception of sound using noise.

Although the town has generally a quiet setting, its principal noise generators are State Route 17 and Los Gatos Boulevard.

Although this discovery has been controversial because of the amount of background noise in the radial velocity data, many astronomers now regard the planet as confirmed.

Although there is a high level of noise in the radial velocity data due to magnetic activity in the star's photosphere, any periodicity caused by this magnetic activity is expected to show a strong correlation with variations in emission lines of ionized calcium ( the Ca II H and K lines ).

Although contact is normally avoided, many elements of stage combat, such as sword fighting, martial arts, and acrobatics required contact between performers in order to facilitate the creation of a particular effect, such as noise or physical interaction.

Although some 100 French Canadians fled back to the fort and the noise of the cannon held the Indians off, Beaujeu's death did not have a negative effect on French morale ; Dumas rallied the rest of the French and their Indian allies.

Although no national norms exist for the social development of children, the teacher can find a great deal of information concerning types of social behavior normally displayed by children at various age levels.

Although the Caiman has not been studied in-depth, scientists have learned that their mating cycles ( previously thought to be spontaneous or year-round ) are linked to the rainfall cycles and the river levels, which increases chances of survival for their offspring.

Although the range and precise application of defenses varies between jurisdictions, the following represents a list of the defenses that may apply to all levels of assault:

Although there were low levels of preexisting antibiotic-resistant bacteria before the widespread use of antibiotics, evolutionary pressure from their use has played a role in the development of muiltidrug resistance varieties and the spread of resistance between bacterial species.

Although once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, multiple levels of organization exist in the cytosol.

Although it did not achieve the same levels of commercial success as the band's later releases ( it reached # 73 on the Billboard 200 ), it has been hailed by many fans and critics as Dream Theater's masterpiece and the band's defining album.

Although the majority of WADs contain one or several custom levels mostly in the style of the original game, others implement new monsters and other resources, and heavily alter the gameplay ; several popular movies, television series, other video games and other brands from popular culture have been turned into Doom WADs by fans ( without authorization ), including Aliens, Star Wars, The X-Files, The Simpsons, South Park, Sailor Moon, Dragon Ball Z, Red Faction, The Thing, Pokémon and Batman.

Although it is claimed that, depending on their preferred learning modality, different teaching techniques have different levels of effectiveness, recent research has argued " there is no adequate evidence base to justify incorporating learning styles assessments into general educational practice.

Although individual buses are generally owned by individuals or small companies, the timetables, fares, and levels of service are set by Strandfaraskip Landsins and the government.

Although production levels give an overview, the history of British cinema is complex, with various cultural movements developing independently.

Although quite popular in the United States in the 1960s, repeated research studies have demonstrated that many healthy people will have glucose levels below 70 or 60 during a prolonged test, and that many types of significant hypoglycemia may go undetected with it.

Although all levels are present in this version and feature their correct layouts, their architecture details are somewhat simplified and there is some loss in overall lighting quality.

Although current pumps can include a glucose sensor, and they cannot automatically respond to meals or to rising or falling glucose levels.

Although " icing " increases alcohol content, most of the United States breweries simply add water back into their beer after the icing process to bring the alcohol content back down to nearly the same levels.

Although Harris did design Doom levels, they were not simulations of Columbine High School.

Although MUSH servers do not impose strong administrative hierarchies, most MUSH games establish additional levels of management besides Wizards.

Although these innovations are not all entirely new with Wadzinski, the book marks a significant advancement in published maze puzzles, offering expansions on the traditional puzzles that seem to have been fully informed by various video game innovations and designs, and adds new levels of challenge and complexity in both the design and the goals offered to the puzzle-solver in a printed format.

Although many techniques are used by vaulters at various skill levels to clear the bar, the generally accepted technical model can be broken down into several phases, listed and described below:

Although the alleged difference in sea levels could be problematic for a canal's construction, the idea of finding a shorter route to the east remained alive.

Although seemingly different, the approaches just describe the same geometric concept using different languages and at different levels of abstraction.

Although a relationship between hormone levels and ECM biosynthesis in vocal fold can be established, the details of this relationship, and the mechanisms of the influence has not been elucidated yet.

Although there is an extreme scarcity of data from Australia ( for both the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age ) evidence from wave-built shingle terraces for a permanently full Lake Eyre during the 9th and 10th centuries is consistent with this La Niña-like configuration, though of itself inadequate to show how lake levels varied from year to year or what climatic conditions elsewhere in Australia were like.

Although a British test cryptanalytic attack made considerable progress, the results were not as significant as against the Enigma, due to the increased complexity of the system and the low levels of traffic.

Although the electronic transitions of an isolated ion are very well defined, broadening of the energy levels occurs when the ions are incorporated into the glass of the optical fiber and thus the amplification window is also broadened.