Although a complete theory of evolution also requires an account of how genetic variation arises in the first place ( such as by mutation and sexual reproduction ) and includes other evolutionary mechanisms ( such as genetic drift and gene flow ), natural selection appears to be the most important mechanism for creating complex adaptations in nature.

Although there is no universal agreement on the definition of life, scientists generally accept that the biological manifestation of life is characterized by organization, metabolism, growth, adaptation, response to stimuli and reproduction.

Although groups may contain more than one female, the dominant female suppresses ovulation in subordinates, causing her to be the only one capable of reproduction.

Although the driving force for both sexes is reproductive success, the two genders have different concerns: males may seek to monopolize access to a group of fertile females, while the females want to maximize return on the energy they invest in reproduction, seeing their offspring grow into healthy adults-and especially into alpha males with well-developed, sexually attractive features that sire them many descendants.

Although sexual reproduction is defined at the cellular level, key features of sexual reproduction operate within the structures of the gamete cells themselves.

Although reproduction is normally asexual, for at least one specie, under stress conditions, female fleas produce male fleas.

Although the evolutionary advantages of sexual reproduction are lost, apomixis can pass along traits fortuitous for evolutionary fitness.

Although most aquatic plants can reproduce by flowering and setting seed, many also have extensive asexual reproduction by means of rhizomes, turions, and fragments in general.

Although the human soul was sometimes symbolically or literally depicted in ancient cultures as a bird or other animal, it was widely held that the soul was an exact reproduction of the body in every feature, even down to clothing the person wore.

Although all energy otherwise expended on reproduction is directed to the Sacculina, the crab develops a nurturing behavior typical of a female crab.

Although modern headphones have been particularly widely sold and used for listening to stereo recordings since the release of the Walkman, there is subjective debate regarding the nature of their reproduction of stereo sound.

Although they live in pairs, the partners do not care much for each other and their sole purpose of even associating with the opposite sex is for reproduction.

Although Muller's ratchet is proposed to explain the success of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction, the negative effect of accumulating irreversible deleterious mutations may not be prevalent in organisms which, while they reproduce asexually, also undergo other forms of recombination.

Although Muller discussed the advantages of sexual reproduction in his 1932 talk, it does not contain the word " ratchet ".

Although the cassette could be duplicated, a copy of the card was also needed and at the time, home colour reproduction was hard to do.

Although an understanding of reproduction and modern medicine is widespread in Trobriand Society, their traditional beliefs have been remarkably resilient.

Although trout still live in the lower Cache la Poudre, the population is increasingly diminished due to marginal water flows and water quality, both of which greatly hinder self-sustained trout reproduction in the lower Poudre.

Although firm details concerning pygmy sperm whale reproduction are limited, they are believed to mate from April to September in the southern hemisphere.

Although most of the older chiefs, including Dragging Canoe's father Atta-culla-culla, favour peace with the white settlers, the younger warriors attack the settlements in the area, bringing the act to a climax with the 1776 attack on the reproduction of Fort Watauga ( more properly known as Fort Caswell ) that has stood in the park since the 1970s.

Although not truly organic, they are certainly alive, and capable of limited reproduction.

Although anthropomorphic in many respects, what is unique about these gods is the enhanced aspects of sexuality, reproduction, and fertility.

Although the committee recommended increasing some rights given in PACS, it recommended maintaining prohibitions against marriage, adoption, and access to medically assisted reproduction for same-sex couples, arguing that these three issues were inseparable and that allowing them would contravene a number of articles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, to which France is a signatory ( although many UN nations do grant some or all of these rights to same-sex couples ).

Although these encryption methods were more complex than previous schemes and required machines to encrypt and decrypt, other machines such as the British Bombe were invented to crack these encryption methods.

Although privacy-advocates have questioned such methods, they appear to serve the interests of the organisations using them.

Although water is vital for life, the structure of this water in the cytosol is not well understood, mostly because methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance only give information on the average structure of water, and cannot measure local variations at the microscopic scale.

Although " Oedipus's enquiry is based on supernatural, pre-rational methods that are evident in most narratives of crime until the development of Enlightenment thought in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries " it has " all of the central characteristics and formal elements of the detective story, including a mystery sur-rounding a murder, a closed circle of suspects, and the gradual uncovering of a hidden past.

Although there are computational methods that can be used to estimate the behavior of a mixture of arbitrary components, the only way to obtain accurate vapor-liquid equilibrium data is by measurement.

Although the main objects of study in discrete mathematics are discrete objects, analytic methods from continuous mathematics are often employed as well.

Although Diophantus made important advances in symbolism, he still lacked the necessary notation to express more general methods.

Although many of the mining methods are now redundant, such as hushing and fire-setting, it is Pliny who recorded them for posterity, thereby helping us understand their importance in a modern context.

Although Abel had already proved the impossibility of a " quintic formula " by radicals in 1824 and Ruffini had published a solution in 1799 that turned out to be flawed, Galois ' methods led to deeper research in what is now called Galois theory.

Although Haeckel stressed comparative embryology and Gegenbaur promoted the comparison of adult structures, both believed that the two methods could work in conjunction to produce the goal of evolutionary morphology.

Although, historically, the use of quantitative methods was often considered an essential mark of scholarship, modern educational psychology research uses both quantitative and qualitative methods.

Although, originally, educational measurement methods were built on classical test theory, item response theory and Rasch models are now used extensively in educational measurement worldwide.

Although his methods were primitive, his basic premises have held true today and have been reaffirmed by more methodologically sound methods.

Although the statement of the theory in terms of graphs may imply perturbation theory, use of graphical methods in the many-body problem shows that this formalism is flexible enough to deal with phenomena of nonperturbative characters ...

Although Hayek only met Wittgenstein on a few occasions, Hayek said that Wittgenstein's philosophy and methods of analysis had a profound influence on his own life and thought.

Although GIF is not often used for truecolor images ( as it was not designed for that purpose ), there are at least two methods that can generate 24-bit RGB truecolor images when decoded correctly.

Although only 17 years old he was innovative in improving the methods of copying tomb decoration.

Although there are multiple ways of producing free hydrogen, those methods require converting combustible molecules into hydrogen or consuming electric energy.

Although the mechanics are different from casting on, there is a similar variety of methods.

Although they are pole-mounted weapons, the naginata and yari are considered part of the nihontō family due to the methods by which they are forged.

Although it was based on the proof methods of logic, Planner, developed at MIT, was the first language to emerge within this proceduralist paradigm 1969.

Although the term is most commonly used to describe computers and software, it may also be used to describe human behaviors, methods, and tools.