Although catalysis of the peptide bond involves the C2 hydroxyl of RNA's P-site ( see Function section below ) adenosine in a protein shuttle mechanism, other steps in protein synthesis ( such as translocation ) are caused by changes in protein conformations. Since their catalytic core is made of RNA, ribosomes are classified as " ribozymes ," and it is thought that they might be remnants of the RNA world.

Although combinatorial chemistry has only really been taken up by industry since the 1990s, its roots can be seen as far back as the 1960s when a researcher at Rockefeller University, Bruce Merrifield, started investigating the solid-phase synthesis of peptides.

Although physical modelling was not a new concept in acoustics and synthesis, having been implemented using finite difference approximations of the wave equation by Hiller and Ruiz in 1971, it was not until the development of the Karplus-Strong algorithm, the subsequent refinement and generalization of the algorithm into the extremely efficient digital waveguide synthesis by Julius O. Smith III and others, and the increase in DSP power in the late 1980s that commercial implementations became feasible.

Although it is useful to view this as a subtractive synthesis technique based on a feedback loop similar to that of a comb filter for z-transform analysis, it is better viewed as the simplest of a class of wavetable-modification algorithms now known as digital waveguide synthesis, as the delay line acts to store one period of the signal.

Although the PCM audio-fidelity was scarcely better than AM radio, it allowed game developers to include realistic sound-effects and speech that could not be reproduced by the Yamaha's FM synthesis, and proved very popular among game developers.

Although initially scheduled for 2008, the reaction looking at the synthesis of evaporation residues has not been conducted to date.

Although the liver is capable of relevant glutamine synthesis, its role in glutamine metabolism is more regulatory than producing, since the liver takes up large amounts of glutamine derived from the gut.

Although he possessed a light voice, he was admired for his lyricism, diction and phrasing — the grace and elegance so prized in his dancing seemed to be reflected in his singing, a capacity for synthesis which led Burton Lane to describe him as " The world's greatest musical performer.

Although sophisticated analogue waveshaping is possible, the greater simplicity and arbitrary waveforms of digital systems like direct digital synthesis led to most later instruments adopting entirely digital oscillator designs.

Although typically less energetic by a factor of 10, these weak interactions play an important role in materials synthesis.

Although in Germany it was the case that the Communist Left tradition was all but extinguished, surviving only in the form of a few scattered groups holding councilist views, France, by comparison, saw an interesting development with the beginning of a conscious attempt to develop a synthesis of the two strands of Left Communism in the form of the Gauche Communiste de France, which built on pre-war contributions.

Although his work bears resemblance to these poets and owes them occasional debts of form and stylistic device, his literary personality is unique in terms of the synthesis he made of iconoclasms and lyricism, of ideology and poetic diction.

Although fundamentally a synthesis language ( imitative of if not directly inspired by Csound and other MUSIC-N languages ), JSyn has a number of powerful extensions and ancillary libraries, including JMSL ( a Java update to the HMSL music specification language ) and JScore ( a staff notation editor and library ), which adds a significantly higher level of musical informatics to the package than would normally be supplied with a set of synthesis routines.

Although the synthesis of many such compounds was once considered nearly impossible, aldol methodology has allowed their efficient synthesis in many cases.

Although the overall picture of Human cytomegalovirus ( HHV-5 ) DNA synthesis appears typical of the Herpesviruses, some novel features are emerging.

Although distinctly different from each other, DNA damages and mutations are related because DNA damages often cause errors of DNA synthesis during replication or repair ; these errors are a major source of mutation.

Although this method was an experiment, it represents the future of nanoshells synthesis.

Although such a distinction is implied in a few Roman passages, such as when Julius Caesar scornfully calls his soldiers quirites (" citizens ") rather than milites (" soldiers "), the word quirites had by this time been dissociated with the god Quirinus, and it is likely that Quirinus initially had an even more militaristic aspect than Mars, but that over time Mars, partially through synthesis with the Greek god Ares, became more warlike, while Quirinus became more domestic in connotation.

Although osteocytes are relatively inert cells, they are capable of molecular synthesis and modification, as well as transmission of signals over long distances, in a way similar to the nervous system.

Although nowadays treated as a single genre, rebetiko is, musically speaking, a synthesis of elements of European music, the music of the various areas of the Greek mainland and the Greek islands, Greek Orthodox ecclesiastical chant, often referred to as Byzantine music, and the modal traditions of Ottoman art music and café music.

" Although efforts have been made to bring legislation into line with international and European standards, practice and attitudes are lagging behind.

" Although efforts have been made to bring legislation into line with international and European standards, practice and attitudes are lagging behind.

Although there was speculation about online capabilities before release, Takahashi refrained from making the game online-compatible due to fear of lagging problems, stating " I don't think you can play a tennis game online under the current Internet environment and feel satisfied ".

Although India ’ s economy grew 50 % from 2001 – 2006, its child-malnutrition rate only dropped 1 %, lagging behind countries of similar growth rate.

Although each repeating unit in a RNA strand owns a free hydroxyl group, the DNA ligase takes just one of them as a branching starting point.

Although there is no question but that the process of washing fabrics involves a number of phenomena which are related together in an extremely complicated way and that these phenomena and their interrelations are not well understood at the present, this section attempts to present briefly an up-to-date picture of the physical chemistry of washing either fabrics or hard surfaces.

Although this sort of definition involves a form of circularity, it is not vicious, and the definition has been quite successful.

Although most often used for matrices whose entries are real or complex numbers, the definition of the determinant only involves addition, subtraction and multiplication, and so it can be defined for square matrices with entries taken from any commutative ring.

Although Deconstructions can be developed using different methods and techniques, the process typically involves demonstrating the multiple interpretations of a text and their resulting internal conflicts, and subversive binary oppositions ( e. g. masculine / feminine, old / new ).

Although the Transmission control protocol ( TCP ) involves the term " transmission ", TCP and other transport layer protocols are typically not discussed in a textbook or course about data transmission, but in computer networking.

Although some of his research involves questions traditionally pursued by linguists, such as the conditions under which a certain linguistic construction is grammatically viable, he is most famous for his ideas about the centrality of metaphor to human thinking, political behavior and society.

Although orogeny involves plate tectonics, the tectonic forces result in a variety of associated phenomena, including magmatization, metamorphism, crustal melting, and crustal thickening.

Although the retrograde effect normally extends some years before the brain damage, in some cases older memories remain — this sparing of older memories leads to the idea that consolidation over time involves the transfer of memories out of the hippocampus to other parts of the brain.

Although mostly concerned with the military transport as a means of delivery using different modes of transport from military trucks to container ships operating from permanent military base, it also involves creating field supply dumps in the rear of the combat zone, and even forward supply points in specific unit's Tactical Area of Responsibility.

Although the popular conception of Peyronie's Disease is that it always involves curvature of the penis, the scar tissue sometimes causes divots or indentations rather than curvature.

Although often used in conjunction with " toss juggling ", it differs in that it involves the rolling of one or more objects without releasing them into the air.

Although ringing up certainly involves some physical exertion, actual ringing should rely more on practised skill than mere brute force ; after all, even the smallest bell to be encountered in a tower will be much heavier than the person ringing it.

Although the plot involves an unsuccessful legal defense similar to one undertaken by her attorney father, the 1931 landmark Scottsboro Boys interracial rape case may also have helped to shape Lee's social conscience.

( Although technically a biopsy involves removing some tissue, it is more frequently categorized as an-otomy than an-ectomy because the volume of tissue removed is minuscule.

Although not used in practice, the most developed tripropellant systems involves adding a third propellant tank containing liquid hydrogen to do this.

Although the creation of headlands involves accretion of sediments on the up-drift side of the headland and moderate erosion of the down-drift end of the headland, this is undertaken in order to design a stabilised system that allows material to accumulate in beaches further along the shore.

Although acoustical engineering most commonly involves reducing noise, it also applies to these other important applications as well.

Although corporatization is to be distinguished from privatization ( the former involves publicly owned corporations, the latter privately owned ones ), once a service has been corporatised it is often relatively easy to privatise or part-privatise it, for example by selling some or all of the company's shares via the stock market.

" Although this conjecture is true, most of its known proofs depend on the theory of separable and purely inseparable extensions ; for instance, in the case corresponding to the extension being separable, one known proof involves the use of the primitive element theorem in the context of Galois extensions.

Although the traditional mechanism involves activation of PDE by GTP-bound T < sub > α </ sub >, GDP-bound T < sub > α </ sub > has also been demonstrated to have the ability to activate PDE.

Although the language of finance now involves Itō calculus, management of risk in a quantifiable manner underlies much of the modern theory.

Although initial treatment of the disease usually involves injections of B < sub > 12 </ sub > to rapidly replace body stores, a number of studies have shown long-term vitamin replacement treatment may be maintained with high-dose oral B < sub > 12 </ sub > supplements, since sufficient B < sub > 12 </ sub > is absorbed from these by a normal intestine, even without any intrinsic factor.

Although Shorinji Kempo was originally introduced in Japan in the late 1940s and 1950s through large scale programmes involving employees of major national organizations ( e. g. Japan Railways ) it subsequently became popular in many other countries and now, per the World Shorinji Kempo Organization, involves over 1. 5 million people in 33 countries.