Although trenches would seem to be positionally stable over time, it is hypothesized that some trenches, particularly those associated with subduction zones where two oceanic plates converge, retrograde, that is, they move backward into the plate which is subducting, akin to a backward-moving wave.

Although the Amendment's supporters in the Administration and Congress perceived it as a pragmatic step to deal with the failure to adopt a budget for Puerto Rico, many Puerto Rican political leaders considered it a retrograde step in the island's struggle toward greater self-government.

-- Although there was some variation in results which must be attributed either to trace impurities or to variation in wall effects, the photochemical exchange in the gas phase was sufficiently reproducible so that it seemed meaningful to compare the reaction rates in different series of reaction tubes for the purpose of obtaining information on the effect of chlorine concentration and of carbon tetrachloride concentration on the reaction rate.

Although single genes have little effect on complex traits and interact heavily both between themselves and with the external factors, research is underway to unravel possible molecular mechanisms underlying anxiety and comorbid conditions.

Although the butterfly effect may appear to be an esoteric and unlikely behavior, it is exhibited by very simple systems: for example, a ball placed at the crest of a hill may roll into any of several valleys depending on, among other things, slight differences in initial position.

Although the system established by the Sitges agreement was phased out by 1974, the 1886 Colombian constitution — in effect until 1991 — required that the losing political party be given adequate and equitable participation in the government which, according to many observers and later analysis, eventually resulted in some increase in corruption and legal relaxation.

Although the Casimir effect can be expressed in terms of virtual particles interacting with the objects, it is best described and more easily calculated in terms of the zero-point energy of a quantized field in the intervening space between the objects.

" Although new dormitories have been built since, the number of students has also increased and the D-Plan remains in effect.

Although the names are old, this opposition is a modern western-influenced development popularized by Martin Haug in the 1880s, and was in effect a realignment of the precepts of Zurvanism ( Zurvanite Zoroastrianism ), which had invented a third deity, Zurvan, in order to explain a mention of twinship ( Yasna 30. 3 ) between the moral and immoral.

Although the initial analysis is correct, there is another effect that can happen, known as the overvoltage effect.

Although modern quantum optics tells us that there also is a semi-classical explanation of the photoelectric effect — the emission of electrons from metallic surfaces subjected to electromagnetic radiation — the photon was historically ( although not strictly necessarily ) used to explain certain observations.

Although his expulsion would have formally taken effect on 4 January 1831, Galois quit school immediately and joined the staunchly Republican artillery unit of the National Guard.

Although a new electoral law was passed that respected the principle of universal ( male ) suffrage, the stricter residential requirement of the new law actually had the effect of disenfranchising 3, 000, 000 of 10, 000, 000 voters.

Although many Hellenised Jews seem, as at the Dura-Europos synagogue, to have had images of religious figures, the traditional Mosaic prohibition of " graven images " no doubt retained some effect, although never proclaimed by theologians.

Immediately prior to insertion, the clinician will perform a pelvic exam to determine the position of the uterus .< ref name =" Dean 2011 "> p. 150: Mechanism of action Although the precise mechanism of action is not known, currently available IUCs work primarily by preventing sperm from fertilizing ova .< sup > 26 </ sup > IUCs are not abortifacients: they do not interrupt an implanted pregnancy .< sup > 27 </ sup > Pregnancy is prevented by a combination of the " foreign body effect " of the plastic or metal frame and the specific action of the medication ( copper or levonorgestrel ) that is released.

Although she was in the top 20, this had the effect of her being invited less frequently to the strongest tournaments.

Although Lind was not the first to suggest citrus fruit as a cure for scurvy, he was the first to study their effect by a systematic experiment in 1747.

Although the Norwegian council never recognized the declaration formally, and Norway kept some separate institutions and its legal system, this had the practical effect that the Norwegian possessions of Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands came under direct control of the crown.

Although he failed to detect any parallax, thereby placing a lower limit on the distance to stars, he discovered another effect, stellar aberration, an effect which depends not on position ( as in parallax ), but on speed.

Although opportunity cost can be hard to quantify, the effect of opportunity cost is universal and very real on the individual level.

Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.

Although Ueshiba eventually distanced himself from both these teachers, their effect on him and his art cannot be overstated.

Although this group is also defined by effect rather than mechanism, there is at least a preliminary understanding of the mechanism of most of the anticonvulsants used in the treatment of mood disorders.

Although vehicles with higher clearances ( such as trucks ) are typically immune from this effect, the force of striking any 270 + kg ( 600 + pound ) object at high speed should not be underestimated.

Although the personality cult of the two Kims remained, as did the promotion of Juche, in effect North Korea by the start of 21st century had become a markedly different nation than it had been during the Cold War.

Although no national norms exist for the social development of children, the teacher can find a great deal of information concerning types of social behavior normally displayed by children at various age levels.

Although when burned, amber does give off a characteristic " pinewood " fragrance, modern products, such as perfume, do not normally use actual amber.

Although not normally thought of as biotechnology, agriculture clearly fits the broad definition of " using a biotechnological system to make products " such that the cultivation of plants may be viewed as the earliest biotechnological enterprise.

Although clearly both genetic and environmental input is needed for a child to develop normally, considerable debate remains about how genetic information might guide cognitive development.

Although normally plaintiffs are the class, defendant class actions are also possible.

Although not flag officers, modern day commodores in the U. S. Navy rate a blue and white command pennant that is normally flown at their headquarters facilities ashore or from ships that they are embarked aboard when they are the senior officer afloat.

Although cholera may be life-threatening, prevention of the disease is normally straightforward if proper sanitation practices are followed.

Although the two parts are now normally published as a single work, Don Quixote, Part Two was a sequel published ten years after the original novel.

Although its file format also allows for multiple such streams to be concatenated ( zipped files are simply decompressed concatenated as if they were originally one file ), gzip is normally used to compress just single files.

Although normally used to imply forcible imposition of a more powerful foreign government's control on a weaker country, or over conquered territory that was previously without a unified government, " imperialism " is sometimes also used to describe loose or indirect political or economic influence or control of weak states by more powerful ones.

Although normally associated with nuclear weapons, some conventionally armed ballistic missiles are in service, such as ATACMS.

Although domes normally took on the shape of a hemisphere, the Mughals in India popularized onion-shaped domes in South Asia.

Although the proteasome normally produces very short peptide fragments, in some cases these products are themselves biologically active and functional molecules.

Although lower mass stars normally do not burn off their outer layers so rapidly, they can likewise avoid becoming red giants or red supergiants if they are in binary systems close enough so that the companion star strips off the envelope as it expands, or if they rotate rapidly enough so that convection extends all the way from the core to the surface, resulting in the absence of a separate core and envelope due to thorough mixing.

Although the sum of the weights of the tractor and the trailer ( the gross weight ) is normally limited to a certain amount, some roads and bridges are marked with a different gross weight restriction to prevent damage.

Although the anion is normally oxide, the analogous thiospinel structure includes the rest of the chalcogenides.

Although a vegetarian festival is celebrated each year by a portion of Thailand's population, and many restaurants in Thailand will offer vegetarian food during this festival period, pure vegetarian food is normally difficult to find in Thailand.

Although commercial tuning forks are normally tuned to the correct pitch at the factory, they can be retuned by filing material off the prongs.

Although Briggs and Robinson state that eight players will leave with nothing, normally the losing celebrities receive a " house " amount to give to their chosen charity, as well as their own fee for appearing on the show.

Although isotopes of a single element are normally described as having the same chemical properties, this is not strictly true.

Although not normally adopted under Roman Law, the children, called alumni, were reared in an arrangement similar to guardianship, being considered the property of the father who abandoned them.

Although winning the Democratic primary is normally tantamount to election in heavily Democratic Chicago, after his primary victory Washington found that his Republican opponent, former state legislator Bernard Epton ( earlier considered a nominal stand-in ), was supported by many white Democrats and ward organizations, including the chairman of the Cook County Democratic Party, Alderman Edward " Fast Eddie " Vrdolyak.

Although pratītyasamutpāda is normally limited to caused objects, Nagarjuna extends his argument to objects in general by differentiating two distinct ideas-dependent designation and dependent origination.

Although some microcomputers ( particularly early 8-bit home micros ) perform tasks using RAM alone, some form of secondary storage is normally desirable.

Although the cornett can technically be played legato ( i. e. without any lingual articulation ), all notes were normally tongued, except in the execution of trills and some cadential ornaments ( see Tonguing ).