Although his paper was widely cited, a random selection of 60 of these citations revealed that 29 of the papers were direct rebuttals or criticisms of Jensen's arguments, 8 cited the paper as an " example of controversy ," 8 used it as a background reference.

Although Charles Darwin accepted Haeckel's support for natural selection, he was tentative in using Haeckel's ideas in his writings ; with regard to embryology, Darwin relied far more on von Baer's work.

Although not unchallenged, validity generalization has broad acceptance with regard to many selection instruments ( e. g. cognitive ability tests, job knowledge tests, work samples, and structured interviews ) across a broad range of jobs.

Although a complete theory of evolution also requires an account of how genetic variation arises in the first place ( such as by mutation and sexual reproduction ) and includes other evolutionary mechanisms ( such as genetic drift and gene flow ), natural selection appears to be the most important mechanism for creating complex adaptations in nature.

Although studies have been published that support foraging selection or sexual selection, not many have decisively eliminated other possibilities.

Although some safe sex practices can be used as contraception, most forms of contraception do not protect against all or any STIs ; likewise, some safe sex practices, like partner selection and low risk sex behavior, are not effective forms of contraception.

Although Galgos are big dogs, their history of selection as a working sighthound, their light weight and anatomy, keep them safe from hip dysplasia.

Although these alleles have differing frequencies across African, European and Asian populations, there is no evidence of positive selection for them and they do not appear to be associated with the evolution of lighter skin in Eurasian populations.

Although the first design was patented as early as 1908, the first commercial 35 mm camera was the 1913 Tourist Multiple, for movie and still photography, soon followed by the Simplex providing selection between full and half frame format.

Although the exact function of the oSDN is not fully known, its volume, length, and cell number seem to correlate with sexual orientation, and a dimorphism in its volume and of cells could bias the processing cues involved in partner selection.

Although the way that the uniforms are worn are usually not an issue, although some state schools may have regulation on the subject ( e. g. height of ties, whether the shirt is tucked in or not ), the selection of clothes worn, whether they follow the policy, can be very strict.

Although any selection of James's novels as " major " must inevitably depend to some extent on personal preference, the following books have achieved prominence among his works in the views of many critics.

Although he was an obvious selection to tour England, Bradman's unorthodox style raised doubts that he could succeed on the slower English pitches.

Although they were characterized by continuous performances of a selection of short films, added attractions such as illustrated songs were sometimes an important feature.

Although Ralph was a monk and had not served as a royal clerk, he was also a bishop, which seems to have reconciled the other bishops to his selection.

Although the collector could count the number of holes using a ruler, the usual practice is to use a perforation gauge, which has preprinted patterns of holes in a selection of common perforations, requiring one merely to line up the stamp's perforations with the closest match.

Although the Campbell Award is not given explicitly for any particular work and such works are not recorded by the World Science Fiction Society or Dell Magazines, a selection of works that the writer in question published in the eligibility period are listed.

Although the INC and the Constitution of Southern Sudan specifically prohibit discrimination on the basis of religion for candidates for the national civil service, the selection process favors party members and friends of the NCP.

Although only one network ( NBC, with its The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and later Late Night with David Letterman ) had a successful late-night talk show until 1992, the field greatly expanded beginning with Carson's retirement and the controversial selection of Jay Leno as Tonights new host.

Although highly discussed, experience has shown that around three scenarios are most appropriate for further discussion and selection.

Although the content on this site is only available from within New Zealand, a selection is made available to an international audience via their YouTube channel.

Although the requirement of geographical representation sometimes meant that the occupant would not be the best person available, the selection process worked well in Mallory's case.

Although selection procedures had been in use for many years, the first Dutch horse registries weren't founded until the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Although he was educated under the Direct Grant system at Bury Grammar School, Chaytor is Chairman of Comprehensive Future, an organisation set up to end selection in British schools.

Although they drew light ground fire they saw no signs of activity.

Although we continue to pay our conversational devotions to `` free private enterprise '', `` individual initiative '', `` the democratic way '', `` government of the people '', `` competition of the marketplace '', etc., we live rather comfortably in a society in which economic competition is diminishing in large areas, bureaucracy is corroding representative government, technology is weakening the citizen's confidence in his own power to make decisions, and the threat of war is driving him economically and physically into the ground ''.

Although game reports and social reactions are common parts of many A & E contributions, it has also, over the years, become a testing ground for new ideas on the development of the RPG as a genre and an art form.

Although the role of the ground attack aircraft significantly diminished after the Korean War, it re-emerged during the Vietnam War, and in the recognition of this, the US Air Force authorised the design and production of what was later to become the A-10 dedicated anti-armour and ground-attack aircraft of the Cold War.

Although Henry Lumley ’ s British cavalry had managed to cross the marshy ground around the Petite Gheete, it was soon evident to Marlborough that sufficient cavalry support would not be practicable and that the battle could not be won on the Allied right.

Although as many as 70 percent of Colombians accessed the Internet over their ordinary telephone lines, dial-up access is losing ground to broadband.

" Upham's book refers to Robert Calef 25 times with the majority of these regarding documents compiled by Calef in the mid-1690s and stating: " Although zealously devoted to the work of exposing the enormities connected with the witchcraft prosecutions, there is no ground to dispute the veracity of Calef as to matters of fact.

Although the front entrance is on the ' ground floor ', commuters are taken through a set of escalators to the 3rd floor elevator lobby.

Although now acclaimed and widely influential as an urban design feature, Mies had to convince Bronfman's bankers that a taller tower with significant " unused " open space at ground level would enhance the presence and prestige of the building.

Although they may be seated on rugs on the ground, as suggested by the ceramic containers that are placed on or front of the rug near the man on the right side of the board, the figures ’ seated positions, which are full frontal with knees bent at right angles, suggests that they are seated on stools or perhaps upholstered benches.

Although successful in terms of uniting the Welsh against their oppressors, the uprising eventually ran out of pace due to key home ground lost whilst chasing the English army towards London — Glyndŵr was last seen in 1412 and was never captured nor tempted by royal pardons and never betrayed.

Although Osman did not physically participate in the battle, the victory at Bursa proved to be extremely vital for the Ottomans as the city served as a staging ground against the Byzantines in Constantinople, and as a newly adorned capital for Osman's son, Orhan.

Although there is only one electronic transition from the excited state to ground state, there are many ways in which the electromagnetic field may go from the ground state to a one-photon state.

Although this was initially rejected by the NFL, Belichick held his ground and the NFL honored his request.

Although precipitation is not a limiting factor, the ground freezes during the winter months and plant roots are unable to absorb water, so desiccation can be a severe problem in late winter for evergreens.

Although some contemporary Soviet sources stated that Gagarin had parachuted separately to the ground, the Soviet Union officially insisted that he had landed with the Vostok ; the government forced the cosmonaut to lie in press conferences, and the FAI certified the flight.

Although the condensation funnel may not extend all the way to the ground, if associated surface winds are greater than 40 mph ( 64 km / h ), the circulation is considered a tornado.

Although it has been argued that the Abbey was being used as a refuge from the battle by the women and children and was occupied by German troops only after the bombing, many reports from troops on the ground suggest that in fact Germans were occupying the monastery, and it was considered a key observational post by all those who were fighting in the field.

Although with the cost of lives and the capture and execution of assassin dai Ahmad ibn Hattash, the hashashins managed to hold their ground and repel the attacks until the Mongol invasion.

Although not widely known, sports-prototypes ( along with Formula 1 cars ) are responsible for introducing the most numbers of new technologies and ideas to motorsport, including rear-wings, ground effect ' venturi ' tunnels, fan-assisted aerodynamics and dual-shift gearboxes.

Although they bear some resemblance to the production models outwardly, they are built from the ground up to suit the motorsport application.

Although they were not ready to commit to funding such a large project, the British government showed interest due to the logic of locating the capital on high ground safe from tidal waves.

Although the Greeks are unable to take the citadel, they pillage the town and set fires that burn Sardis to the ground.

Although lower on the moment magnitude scale than the quake of September 2010, the intensity and violence of the ground shaking was measured to be VIII on the MMI and among the strongest ever recorded globally in an urban area due to the shallowness and proximity of the epicentre.