The giraffe ( Giraffa camelopardalis ) is an African even-toed ungulate mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant.

The name giraffe has its earliest known origins in the Arabic word zarafa ( زرافة ), perhaps from some African language.

Other African names for the giraffe include Ekorii ( Ateso ), Kanyiet ( Elgon ), Nduida ( Gikuyu ), Tiga ( Kalenjin and Luo ), Ndwiya ( Kamba ), Nudululu ( Kihehe ), Ntegha ( Kinyaturu ), Ondere ( Lugbara ), Etiika ( Luhya ), Kuri ( Ma ' di ), Oloodo-kirragata or Olchangito-oodo ( Maasai ), Lenywa ( Meru ), Hori ( Pare ), Lment ( Samburu ) and Twiga ( Swahili and others ) in the east ; and Tutwa ( Lozi ), Nthutlwa ( Shangaan ), Indlulamitsi ( Siswati ), Thutlwa ( Sotho ), Thuda ( Venda ) and Ndlulamithi ( Zulu ) in the south.

* G. c. antiquorum, the Kordofan giraffe, has a distribution which includes southern Chad, the Central African Republic, northern Cameroon and north-eastern DR Congo.

* G. c. giraffa, the South African giraffe, is found in northern South Africa, southern Botswana, southern Zimbabwe and south-western Mozambique.

* G. c. peralta, commonly known as the West African, Niger or Nigerian giraffe, is endemic to south-western Niger.

The endangered West African giraffe

The West African giraffe has thick lines while the Nubian and reticulated giraffe have thin ones.

A 2007 study on the genetics of six subspecies — the West African, Rothschild, reticulated, Masai, Angolan and South African giraffe — suggests that they may in fact be separate species.

The West African giraffe is more closely related to the Rothchild and reticulated giraffe than to the Kordofan giraffe.

How the giraffe got its height has been the subject of various African folktales, including one from eastern Africa which explains that the giraffe grew tall from eating too many magic herbs.

Two subspecies, the West African giraffe and the Rothschild giraffe, have been classified as Endangered, as wild populations of each of them number in the hundreds.

An African giraffe being led into a Ming Dynasty zoo, a Chinese painting by She Du, 1414 AD, during the reign of the Yongle Emperor.

East Africa displays Cape buffalo, Southern white rhinoceros, Ugandan giraffe, several other savanna species, and a lagoon with East African Crowned Crane The North Africa exhibit represents the Sahel and Sahara and houses scimitar-horned oryx, Barbary stag, red-fronted gazelle, and Ankole cattle.

Many of the characteristic African species, large mammals as the elephant, rhinoceros, giraffe, zebra, and antelope and predators such as lions and leopards, do not exist in Madagascar.

The species list for each ecosystem has not yet been finalised, but is likely to include manatees, Crocodiles, bonobos, okapi, bongo, Sumatran tiger, orangutan, giraffe, zebra, warthog, kudu, African hunting dog, rhinoceros, brown bear and wolf.

The $ 9 million African Journey is currently the largest expansion in the FWCZ's history, featuring an African Lion exhibit, African Village, interactive cultural center, giraffe feeding area, Savannah Trail, zebras and wildebeests, new animal exhibits ( mongoose, buzzards, dik diks and hyenas, honey badgers, bat-eared foxes, pelicans, servals ), and a group educational and picnic area.

Afonso V (, originally Affonso ) KG ( 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 ), called the African (), was King of Portugal and the Algarves.

The Great Rift Valley as originally described was thought to extend from Lebanon in the north to Mozambique in the south, and constitutes one of two distinct physiographic provinces of the East African mountains.

In its 1930 report the League admonished the Liberian government for ‘ systematically and for years fostering and encouraging a policy of gross intimidation and suppression ’, “ in order to suppress the native, prevent him from realizing his powers and limitations and prevent him from asserting himself in any way whatever, for the benefit of the dominant and colonizing race, although originally the same African stock as themselves ” ( see also Presidency Charles King 1920-1930 ).

* Umkhonto we Sizwe – Xhosa, for the " spear of the nation " was originally the military wing of the African National Congress ( a multiracial, center-left political party ) which fought against the white minority led Apartheid regime in South Africa.

* Paramount also owns ( through the Viacom merger ) US distribution rights to the 1951 film The African Queen, originally distributed by United Artists ( the international rights are with ITV Global Entertainment ).

The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly to urban African Americans, at a time when " urbane, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat " was becoming more popular.

The parties originally comprising the GNU – the African National Congress ( ANC ), the National Party ( NP ), and the Inkatha Freedom Party ( IFP ) – shared executive power.

Like Frantz Fanon, Biko originally studied medicine, and, like Fanon, Biko developed an intense concern for the development of black consciousness as a solution to the existential struggles which shape existence, both as a human and as an African ( see Négritude ).

Zanzibar is mostly populated by African people of Swahili origin, but there is also a minority population of Asians, originally from India and Arab countries.

Later American English spellings, neger and neggar, prevailed in a northern colony, New York under the Dutch, and in metropolitan Philadelphia's Moravian and Pennsylvania Dutch communities ; the African Burial Ground in New York City originally was known by the Dutch name " Begraafplaats van de Neger " ( Cemetery of the Negro ); an early US occurrence of neger in Rhode Island, dates from 1625.

The task, originally given to Vasco da Gama's father, was finally offered to Vasco by Manuel I on the strength of his record of protecting Portuguese trading stations along the African Gold Coast from depredations by the French.

While prazos were originally developed to be held by Portuguese, through intermarriage they became African Portuguese or African Indian centres defended by large African slave armies known as Chikunda.

Mantophasmatodea is a suborder of carnivorous African insects discovered in 2002, originally considered to be a new order, but since relegated to subordinal status, and comprising the single family Mantophasmatidae.

Not all of the inhabitants of province were ethnically Dutch, but came from a variety of other European countries as well as African, originally brought as slaves.

Brown-coloured shirts were chosen as the SA uniform because a large batch of them were cheaply available after World War I, having originally been ordered during the war for colonial troops posted to Germany's former African colonies.

With a high foreign debt ( originally $ 5. 7 billion at 1998 net present value ) and a good track record on economic reform, Mozambique was the first African country to receive debt relief under the initial Heavily Indebted Poor Country ( HIPC ) Initiative.

Most of the city's streets, originally named for Portuguese heroes or important dates in Portuguese history, had their names changed to African languages, revoultionary figures, or pre-colonial historical names.

The land originally comprised most of the independent Boer South African Republic, which had existed since 1856, despite two previous failed attempts by the British to establish supremacy.

Between the end of the 18th century and the end of the 20th century, these people increasingly considered themselves Afrikaner ( originally meaning simply " African ") rather than European.

While the Portuguese may have originally reserved the term crioulo for people of strictly European descent, the crioulo population came to be dominated by numerous people of mixed Portuguese and African ancestry.

In 1863, Clark helped organize Iowa's black regiment, the 60th United States Colored Infantry ( originally known as the 1st Iowa Infantry, African Descent ), though an injury prevented him from serving.

Fairfield has three primary population centers: Sea Breeze, Fairton ( originally named Bumbridge ) and Gouldtown, an old African American community from the segregation period.

A special grandstand, protected by awnings from the midsummer sun of Illinois, should be erected for occupancy by honored guests, who should include the ambassadors of all those new African nations as yet not quite convinced that the United States is thoroughly civilized.

And then the Amen corner took hold, re-enacting a form of group participation in worship that stemmed from years before the Greek chorus, spreading down through the African forest, overseas to the West Indies, and then here in Alabama.

Field operations were transferred from administrative personnel primarily engaged in other tasks to specially trained teams of full-time African investigators ( three teams, each working in two provinces ).

These changes represent, in effect, a shift from ( 1 ) an administrative compilation of data obtained through procedures designed primarily to serve political and economic objectives to ( 2 ) a systematic sampling census of the whole African population.

A Western cowpony had outrun an African lion, from a standing start.

Secretary-General Hammarskjold decided that it would be preferable if the U.N. troops sent into the Congo were to come from African, or at least nonwhite, nations -- certainly not from the U.S., Russia, Great Britain or France.

Tracing the blues from its African roots among the slaves who were brought to this country and the West Indies, he stressed the close relationship between the early jazz forms and the music of the Negro churches.

An African influence is evident in music and dance, and is moulding the way in which Portuguese is spoken, but is almost disappearing from the vocabulary.

In addition, mixed race ( European and African ) people amount to about 2 %, with a small ( 1 %) population of whites, mainly ethnically Portuguese ( as a former overseas territory of Portugal until 1975, the Portuguese make up currently the largest non-African population, with certainly more than 100, 000, a number that has been constantly increasing from the 2000s, because of Angola's growing demand for qualified human resources.

Clockwise from upper left: a self-portrait from Vincent van Gogh, an African Chokwe people | Chokwe statue, detail from the The Birth of Venus ( Botticelli ) | Birth of Venus by Sandro Botticelli and a Japanese Shisa | Shisa lion

* 1960 – The Central African Republic declares independence from France.

* Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Central African Republic from France in 1960.

In 1982 – 83 Australia had Greg Chappell back from WSC as captain, while the England team was weakened by the enforced omission of their South African tour rebels, particularly Graham Gooch and John Emburey.

This listing was removed from CITES in June 2010 by the South African government and South African abalone is no longer subject to CITES trade controls.

Author James Basker states that the song has been employed by African Americans as the " paradigmatic Negro spiritual " because it expresses the joy felt at being delivered from slavery and worldly miseries.

The outcome was a decision by the 14th International Botanical Congress in 1987 that Amaryllis should be a conserved name ( i. e. correct regardless of priority ) and ultimately based on a specimen of the South African Amaryllis belladonna from the Clifford Herbarium at the British Museum.

They reproduce slowly either by bulb division or seeds and have gradually naturalized from plantings in urban and suburban areas throughout the lower elevations and coastal areas in much of the West Coast of the USA since these environments mimic their native South African habitat.

In Lake Victoria, an isolated lake which formed recently in the African rift valley, over 300 species of cichlid fish adaptively radiated from one parent species in just 15, 000 years.

From the Medieval Arabic king lists of both African states, allegedly copied from earlier lists in ancient Near Eastern languages it appears that the state founders claimed to be deportees of the Assyrian empire who had fled from Syria and Samaria after the defeat of the Egyptian-Assyrian army at Carchemish in 605 BCE.

African art existed in many forms and styles, and with fairly little influence from outside Africa.