In 1996, Lomborg's paper, " Nucleus and Shield: Evolution of Social Structure in the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma ", was published in the academic journal, American Sociological Review.

His first study of mathematics, which would later lead to its incorporation into his art works, began with George Pólya's academic paper on plane symmetry groups sent to him by his brother Berend.

In a 1994 academic paper, the folklorist Jacqueline Simpson noted that British folklorists remembered Murray with " embarrassment " and a " sense of paradox.

The first person in the Anglo-American tradition to use the term " social geography " was George Wilson Hoke, whose paper The Study of Social Geography was published in 1907, yet there is no indication it had any academic impact.

He first became aware of the cactus ’ s active ingredient, mescaline, after reading an academic paper written by Humphry Osmond, a British psychiatrist working at Weyburn Mental Hospital, Saskatchewan in early 1952.

In similar manner, most academic libraries buy the electronic version, and purchase a paper copy only for the most important or most-used titles.

* The academic paper for MT, and related articles by Makoto Matsumoto

* Mimeo – an unpublished academic paper, formerly often distributed with the aid of mimeograph machines.

* 1841-Julius Robert von Mayer, an amateur scientist, writes a paper on the conservation of energy but his lack of academic training leads to its rejection.

* 1841 – Julius Robert von Mayer, an amateur scientist, writes a paper on the conservation of energy, but his lack of academic training leads to its rejection

As the paper was coming out, Sokal published an article in a self-described " academic gossip " magazine Lingua Franca, revealing the hoax.

According to one academic paper, " In fact, it seems that few decisions can be arrived at in Al Wefaq – and in the whole country, for that matter – without prior consultation with Isa Qassim, ranging from questions with regard to the planned codification of the personal status law to participation in elections ".

In 1915, he published his first academic paper, " On the Date and Origin of Minyan Ware ", which appeared in the Journal of Hellenic Studies, and the following year produced his B. Litt.

Other refereed empirical academic studies besides the original paper with David Mustard that have supported Lott's conclusions include the following.

Another use of the term, " integrity " is found in the work of Michael Jensen and Werner Erhard in their academic paper, " Integrity: A Positive Model that Incorporates the Normative Phenomenon of Morality, Ethics, and Legality ".

A paper titled Program and Addressing Structure in a Time-Sharing Environment by Bruce Arden, Bernard Galler, Frank Westervelt ( all associate directors at UM's academic Computing Center ), and Tom O ' Brian building upon some basic ideas developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) was published in January 1966.

Although USA Today has tried to establish itself as a national paper, it has been widely derided by the academic world as the " McPaper " and is not subscribed to ( let alone archived ) by most libraries.

In academic publishing, a preprint is a draft of a scientific paper that has not yet been published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

In 1973, the processualist David Clarke of Cambridge University would publish an academic paper in Antiquity claiming that as a discipline, archaeology had moved from its original " noble innocence " through to " self-consciousness " and then onto " critical self-consciousness ", a symptom of which was the development of the New Archaeology.

In March 2006, John Mearsheimer and Stephen Walt, academic dean of the Kennedy School of Government, published a working paper entitled The Israel Lobby and U. S. Foreign Policy and an article entitled " The Israel Lobby " in the London Review of Books on the negative effects of " the unmatched power of the Israel Lobby ".

In 1982, Gary F. Leatham published an academic paper based on his research on the budding and growth of the Japan Islands variety ; the work helped make commercial cultivation possible in United States.

IQ tests ( e. g., WAIS-IV, WISC-IV, Cattell Culture Fair III, Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities-III, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales V ) and academic achievement tests ( e. g. WIAT, WRAT, Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Achievement-III ) are designed to be administered to either an individual ( by a trained evaluator ) or to a group of people ( paper and pencil tests ).

In 1697, William Wotton, about to bring out a second edition of his Ancient and Modern Learning, asked Bentley to write out a paper exposing the spuriousness of the Epistles of Phalaris, long a subject of academic controversy.

A more common and particular instance of an enumerative bibliography relates to specific sources used or considered in preparing a scholarly paper or academic term paper.

Its remit was ' to provide a considered statement about hypnosis and important issues concerning its application and practice in a range of contexts, notably for clinical purposes, forensic investigation, academic research, entertainment and training.

Within a recent study concerning the proper use of this class in the emergency rooms of two academic hospitals, 99 % of these prescriptions were revealed to be in error.

* HagueJusticePortal. net, The Hague Justice Portal: an academic gateway to The Hague organisations concerning international peace, justice and security.

Much of the debate concerning theology's place in the university or within a general higher education curriculum centres on whether theology's methods are appropriately theoretical and ( broadly speaking ) scientific or, on the other hand, whether theology requires a pre-commitment of faith by its practitioners, and whether such a commitment conflicts with academic freedom.

Although Steward and Barnett seemed to be suggesting that anthropology as such should restrict itself to purely academic affairs, people within and without the academy have continued to debate the ways non-anthropologists have used this principle in public policy concerning ethnic minorities or in international relations ( see this interview or this article on cultural relativism and human rights for examples of this debate ).

Despite the predominance of state courts in terms of cases handled, most academic scholarship concerning courts takes place at the federal level, because it has greater relevance in a national market for academic scholarship, because federal courts generally have more accessible records, and because many important kinds of litigation are handled primarily at the federal level.

Women's studies is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to topics concerning women, feminism, gender, and politics.

Men's studies is an interdisciplinary academic field devoted to topics concerning men, masculism, gender, and politics.

Review of the historical facts concerning Italian unification has also been undertaken by some academic authors, in most cases of foreign origin, such as Denis Mack Smith, Christopher Duggan, Martin Clark and Lucy Riall.

Hoare in the influential book Structured Programming of 1972 by Dahl, Edsger Dijkstra and Hoare, perhaps the best-known academic book concerning software in the 1970s.

Necessary Illusions: Thought Control in Democratic Societies is a 1989 book by US academic Noam Chomsky concerning political power using propaganda to distort and distract from major issues to maintain confusion and complicity, preventing real democracy from becoming effective.

In the United States, Joshua A. Fishman, professor emeritus at Yeshiva University, in New York observes that whatever the subject " all our sources, greater public to academic, all contribute to give a negative impression concerning Quebec ".

Denzler states that ufology as a field of study has branched into two different mindsets: the first group of investigators wants to convince the unbelievers and earn intellectual legitimacy through systematic study using the scientific method, and the second group sees the follow-up questions concerning the origin and " mission " of the UFOs as more important than a potential academic standing.

* The Markkula Center for Applied Ethics provides an academic forum for research and dialogue concerning all areas of applied ethics.

In early August 2003, allegations arose concerning Dennehy's ability to remain with the Baylor basketball team during the 2002-2003 academic year without an athletic scholarship.

There is some controversy, both academic and amongst involuntary celibates themselves, concerning the duration of the celibacy needed to qualify for the label of involuntary celibacy.

* To educate the general public and the academic community concerning the value of time capsules.

The university has recently been involved in a scandal concerning the granting of Ph. D. s by departments which were not allowed to grant them, due to not having the sufficient number of academic staff.

In addition to his academic and popular contributions to the field of astronomy, Menzel was a prominent skeptic concerning the reality of UFOs.

Due to political disputes concerning Montagu's involvement with the UNESCO Statement on Race, he was dismissed from Rutgers University and " found all other academic avenues blocked.

Questions concerning students ' academic, social and cultural rights are resolved through the Student Council.

In the summer of 2008, following a lecture given by Professor Geoffrey Alderman at the University of Buckingham, an urgent parliamentary inquiry was ordered into his allegations ( made in the lecture ) concerning the decline of academic standards in British higher education and the alleged part played by the Quality Assurance Agency in that decline.

Following his return to Australia in 2009, Hill accepted an appointment as Adjunct Professor in Sustainability at the US Studies Centre at the University of Sydney where he was involved in the development of the $ 2 million Dow Sustainability Program, funded by the US-based Dow Chemical Company Foundation, to bring together academic and policy experts from Australia and the US to develop action-oriented solutions to a range of sustainability challenges concerning energy, water, food and biodiversity that are technologically innovative, commercially scalable and politically viable.