Annealing is the heat-treatment used to make the metal soft again.

Annealing is the process of heating the steel to a sufficiently high temperature to soften it.

Annealing is usually done between.

* SANDER ( Simulated Annealing with NMR-Derived Energy Restraints ) is the central simulation program and provides facilities for energy minimization and molecular dynamics with a wide variety of options

Annealing is a process that requires large amounts of energy, as a material is kept very hot for an extended period of time.

Annealing of pre-machined parts before final finishing is an alternative.

It does this using a choice of techniques-a hill-climb algorithm hill climb, a shot-gun hill-climb ( which takes longer but is likely to lead to better results ) and Simulated Annealing.

Annealing, in glass terms, is heating a piece until its temperature reaches a stress-relief point, that is, a temperature at which the glass is still too hard to deform, but is soft enough for internal stresses to ease.

Annealing is stopped when the workpiece is near its final desired shape, and so the final product will have a desired stiffness and hardness.

Annealing or transformation twins are the result of a change in crystal system during cooling as one form becomes unstable and the crystal structure must re-organize or transform into another more stable form.

Annealing and process steps used by manufacturers enhance the ability to use large diameter copper wire to wedge bond to silicon without damage occurring to the die.

* Single Strand Annealing, one of several pathways in homologous recombination.

* Annealing point: c. 1140 ° C

Annealing of graphite moderator at a military air-cooled reactor caused the graphite and the metallic uranium fuel to catch fire, releasing radioactive pile material as dust into the environment.

Annealing succeeded in preventing the buildup of Wigner energy, but the monitoring equipment, the reactor itself and all of its ancillaries such as the cooling system were never designed for this.

SHARPEN offers a variety of combinatorial optimization methods ( e. g. Monte Carlo, Simulated Annealing, FASTER ) and can score proteins using the successful Rosetta all-atom force field or molecular mechanics force fields ( OPLSaa ).

Annealing of these stones ( from 500 – 900 ° C for neutron-bombarded stones and from 500 – 1200 ° C for electron-bombarded stones ) produces orange, yellow, brown, or pink.

In 1988, the company was purchased by Pittsburgh Annealing Box Co., and was later bought by international company Groupe SEB in 2004.

Annealing such a metastable film above its glass transition temperature increases the mobility of the polymer-chain molecules and dewetting takes place.

Annealing of vacancies changes diamond color from green to yellow-brown.

I. R. Girling and G. J. Russell, " Disclinations and Annealing in Fatty-Acid Monolayers ", Mol.

The relatively low melting point of brass ( 900 to 940 ° C, 1652 to 1724 ° F, depending on composition ) and its flow characteristics make it a relatively easy material to cast.

Combinations of iron, aluminium, silicon and manganese make brass wear and tear resistant.

* Nickel brass is composed of 70 % copper, 24. 5 % zinc and 5. 5 % nickel used to make pound coins in the pound sterling currency.

Although forms of brass have been in use since prehistory, its true nature as a copper-zinc alloy was not understood until the post medieval period because the zinc vapor which reacted with copper to make brass was not recognised as a metal.

In the 1st century BC the Greek Dioscorides seems to have recognised a link between zinc minerals and brass describing how Cadmia ( zinc oxide ) was found on the walls of furnaces used to heat either zinc ore or copper and explaining that it can then be used to make brass.

By the first century BC brass was available in sufficient supply to use as coinage in Phrygia and Bithynia, and after the Augustan currency reform of 23 BC it was also used to make Roman dupondii and sestertii.

Eventually it was discovered that metallic zinc could be alloyed with copper to make brass ; a process known as speltering and by 1657 the German chemist Johann Glauber had recognised that calamine was " nothing else but unmeltable zinc " and that zinc was a " half ripe metal.

They are easily produced on the euphonium as compared to other brass instruments, and the extent of the range depends on the make of the instrument in exactly the same way as just described.

Many other materials also serve to make decorated nutcrackers, such as porcelain, silver, and brass ; the museum displays samples.

In fact, the flared end of a brass instrument is not to make the instrument sound louder, but to correct for tube length “ end effects ” that would otherwise make the overtones significantly different from integer harmonics.

Andre Previn said, " You know, Stan Kenton can stand in front of a thousand fiddles and a thousand brass and make a dramatic gesture and every studio arranger can nod his head and say, ‘‘ Oh, yes, that ’ s done like this .’’ But Duke merely lifts his finger, three horns make a sound, and I don ’ t know what it is!

: For example: The railway coach company was offered a contract to make 15 open-topped streetcars each month, using a design that included ornate brass foundry work, but very little of the metalwork needed to produce a covered rail coach.

Materials which make up the brake shoe include, friction modifiers ( which can include can include graphite and cashew nut shells ), powdered metal such as lead, zinc, brass, aluminium and other metals that resist heat fade, binders, curing agents and fillers such as rubber chips to reduce brake noise.

" Krippenspiele " ( Nativity plays ), special festive music for organ, vocal and brass choirs and candlelight services make Christmas Eve one of the highlights in the Lutheran Church calendar.

In a horn, the length of tubing ( and the bore size ) make the partials much closer together than other brass instruments in their normal range and therefore harder to play accurately.

Gold is one of the densest metals and therefore much heavier ( for equivalent size or volume ) than the common metals such as lead, brass, copper and steel that are used to make fake bullion coins.

Mergenthaler reportedly got the idea for the brass matrices that would serve as molds for the letters from wooden molds used to make " Springerle ," which are German Christmas cookies.

The most common materials that machinists make parts from are steel, aluminum, brass, copper, and various alloys of these materials.

Copper ore had mostly been discarded by the Cornish tin-mining industry but was now needed to make brass, an essential metal in the Industrial Revolution.

The song featured a brass section that " mimed " playing on stage, in order to let the orchestra make the brass effort.