Those who uphold the original beliefs of Jacobus Arminius himself, is the common way to define Arminianism, but those of Hugo Grotius, John Wesley and others also understood the term as a sort of umbrella for a bigger alliance of ideas as well.

The first Batavi commander we know of is named Chariovalda, who led a charge across the Visurgin ( Weser ) against the Cherusci led by Arminius during the campaigns of Germanicus in Germania Transrhenana.

According to Tacitus, they drew inspiration from the example of Arminius, the prince of the Cherusci who had driven the Romans out of Germany in AD 9, and their own ancestors who had driven Julius Caesar from Britain.

" Fichte located Germanness in the supposed continuity of the German language, and based it on Tacitus, who had hailed German virtues in Germania and celebrated the heroism of Arminius in his Annales.

In addition he engaged the German leader ( Arminius ) who had destroyed three Roman legions in 9, and exposed his troops to the remains of those dead Romans.

# Arminianism is named after Jacobus Arminius, a Dutch Reformed pastor who was trained to preach Calvinism, but concluded that some aspects of Calvinism had to be modified in the light of Scripture.

Rivalry between him and Arminius, the Cheruscan leader who inflicted the devastating defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest on the Romans under Publius Quinctilius Varus in 9 AD, prevented a concerted attack on Roman territory across the Rhine in the north ( by Arminius ) and in the Danube basin in the south ( by Maroboduus ).

Arminius saw God " looking down the corridors of time " to see the free choices of man, and choosing those who will respond in faith and love to God's love and promises, revealed in Jesus.

* Arminius, Germanic leader who defeated three Roman legions at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

Arminius then left under the pretext of drumming up Germanic forces to support the Roman campaign, but instead led his troops, who must have been waiting in the vicinity, in attacks on surrounding Roman garrisons.

Arminius, who had grown up in Rome as a citizen and become a Roman soldier, understood Roman tactics very well and could direct his troops to counter them effectively, using locally superior numbers against the dispersed Roman legions.

In addition, Arminius, who had been instrumental in the Teutoburg ambush, and who had been considered a very real threat to stability by Rome, was now defeated.

* Arminius, German war chief who defeated the Romans at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ( d. AD 21 )

However, in defeating Arminius ' own tribe ( the Cherusci ) the Romans were unable to capture or kill Arminius, who escaped.

He received an appeal to rescue Segestes, who was besieged by Arminius.

The doctrine of total depravity was affirmed by the Five articles of Remonstrance and by Jacobus Arminius himself, and John Wesley, who strongly identified with Arminius through publication of his periodical The Arminian, also advocated a strong doctrine of inability.

Despite a warning from Segestes, Varus trusted Arminius, the man who appealed for his help, because he was a Romanised Germanic prince and commander of an auxiliary cavalry unit.

Oldfield worked with Harry Arminius Miller, who developed and built carburetors in Los Angeles and became one of the most famous engine builders in America, to create a racing machine that would not only be fast and durable, but that would also protect the driver in the event of an accident.

Gomarus, a Fleming who had been in Leyden since 1594, has been described as " a rather mediocre scholar " but " a forceful defender of the Calvinistic doctrine ... a man of deep-rooted faith " In contrast Arminius has been described as " a seeker, a doubter ".

However, according to the 1st century AD historian Marcus Velleius Paterculus, Arminius sent Varus ' head to Maroboduus.

* 9 – Arminius ' alliance of six Germanic tribes ambushes and annihilates three Roman legions of Publius Quinctilius Varus in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.

* A Roman army of 50, 000 men commanded by Germanicus gains a great victory at Idistaviso, defeating the German war chief Arminius and recovering the lost eagles of Varus ' legions.

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest (, Hermannsschlacht or Varusschlacht ), described as clades Variana ( the Varian disaster ) by Roman historians, took place in 9 CE, when an alliance of Germanic tribes led by Arminius of the Cherusci ambushed and decisively destroyed three Roman legions, along with their auxiliaries, led by Publius Quinctilius Varus.

Varus ' opponent, Arminius, was handed over to the Romans along with his brother Flavus, as tribute by his father and chieftain of the noblest house in the tribe of the Cherusci, Segimerus the Conqueror, as result of the attacks of Drusus I in 11 – 9 BCE.

After his return from Rome, Arminius became a trusted advisor to Varus.

While Varus was on his way from his summer camp somewhere west of the Weser river to the winter headquarters near the Rhine, he heard reports of a local rebellion, fabricated by Arminius.

This was represented to Varus as an occasion which required his prompt attendance at the spot ; but he was kept in studied ignorance of its being part of a concerted national rising ; and he still looked on Arminius as his submissive vassal ..." Edward Shepherd Creasy

Another Cheruscan nobleman, Segestes, brother of Segimerus, father of Arminius ' wife, and opposed to the marriage, warned Varus the night before the departure of the Roman forces, allegedly even suggesting that Varus apprehend Arminius along with several other Germanic leaders whom he identified as covert participants in the planned uprising.

Arminius immediately sent Varus ' severed head to Maroboduus, king of the Marcomanni, the other most powerful Germanic ruler with the offer of an anti-Roman alliance.

The Chatti successfully resisted incorporation into the Roman Empire, joining the Cheruscan war leader Arminius ' coalition of tribes that annihilated Varus ' legions in 9 AD in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.

The latest event referred to in the poem is the great defeat of Varus by Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ( AD 9 ).

The Germans under Arminius had destroyed 3 Roman legions under Varus at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in AD 9.

In 9, in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, an army of allied Germanic tribes under the command of Arminius ( the Cherusci, Bructeri, Marsi, Sicambri, Chauci and Chatti ) annihilated three Roman legions commanded by Varus.

* Arminius / Varus.

Publius Quinctilius Varus ( 46 BC in Cremona, Roman Republic – AD 9 in Germania ) was a Roman politician and general under Emperor Augustus, mainly remembered for having lost three Roman legions and his own life when attacked by Germanic leader Arminius in the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest.

Not only was Varus ' trust in Arminius a terrible misjudgment, but Varus compounded it by placing his legions in a position where their fighting strengths would be minimized and that of the Germanic tribesmen maximized.

According to Arminius, " God regards no one in Christ unless they are engrafted in him by faith.

" Following the decisive Roman victories, Arminius increasingly became embroiled in tribal disputes ; his opponents accused him of trying to make himself king.

Arminianism is the theological stance of Jacob Arminius and the movement which stemmed from him.

Subsequently Rudolph Snellius brought him to Marburg, and enabled Arminius to study theology at the University of Leiden.

In 1591, responding to Arminius ' theological development his colleague Petrus Plancius began to openly dispute him.

Of the local clergy, Adrianus Borrius supported Arminius, while Festus Hommius opposed him.

On the death of Arminius shortly after this time, Konrad Vorstius, who sympathized with his views, was appointed to succeed him, in spite of the opposition of Gomarus and his friends.

Perkins ' views on double predestination made him a major target of Jacobus Arminius, the Dutch Reformed clergyman who opposed the doctrine of predestination.

Besieged in his stronghold by his own countrymen, Segestes appealed for help to Germanicus who relieved him, and Segestes then handed over his pregnant daughter Thusnelda, Arminius ' wife, to Germanicus as a prisoner.

She was pregnant and staying with her father, who was a Roman client and bitterly opposed to Arminius, and it was her father who delivered her to Germanicus, after the latter saved him by driving off Arminius ' forces, who had besieged him.

While Arminius had been known about in Germany since the rediscovery of the writings of Tacitus in the 15th century, German Protestant intellectuals in the first half of the 18th century christened him " Hermann the German " and promoted his status from that of a local tribal leader with family ties to Rome to that of a hero of German resistance to " Roman " ( i. e. Papal ) authority ; the 19th century added another layer of meaning, namely Pan-German unity and resistance to Revolutionary and Napoleonic Romance-language France.

Jacobus Arminius, employed to refute him, was won over by his arguments.