On 11 April 2002, ten countries ratified the statute at the same time at a special ceremony held at the United Nations headquarters in New York City, bringing the total number of signatories to sixty, which was the minimum number required to bring the statute into force, as defined in Article 126.

( Article 126 )

Article 126 stated that the party was " vanguard of the working people in their struggle to strengthen and develop the socialist system and is the leading core of all organizations of the working people, both public and state.

The " leading role " of the CPSU was first enshrined in Article 126 of the Stalin Constitution, which described the Party as " the vanguard of the working people in their struggle to strengthen and develop the socialist system and is the leading core of all organizations of the working people, both public and state.

60, p. 126 Article

* International terrorism ( Article 126 )

How explicit such factors have been historically is evident in any chronology of restrictive covenant cases or in a review of NAREB's Code of Ethics Article 34 in the Code, adopted in 1924, states that `` a Realtor should never be instrumental in introducing into a neighborhood a character of property or occupancy, members of any race or nationality or any individuals whose presence will clearly be detrimental to property values in that neighborhood ''.

St Thomas Aquinas in the Summa Theologica, II: II Quaestio 25, Article 4 states that we should love our neighbour more than our ourselves.

* Article 8 – Allows for jurisdiction over observers and scientists by their own states ;

* Article 10 – All treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty ;

The Tokyo Convention states in Article 11, defining the so-called unlawful takeover of an aircraft, that the parties signing the agreement are obliged, in case of hijacking or a threat of it, to take all the necessary measures in order to regain or keep control over an aircraft.

Article 25 of the Thirty-Nine Articles, speaking of the sacraments, says: " Those five commonly called Sacraments, that is to say, Confirmation, Penance, Orders, Matrimony, and extreme Unction, are not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel, being such as have grown partly of the corrupt following of the Apostles, partly are states of life allowed in the Scriptures ; but yet have not like nature of Sacraments with Baptism, and the Lord's Supper, for that they have not any visible sign or ceremony ordained of God.

Indeed, the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Article 6 requires these features in the legal systems of its signatory states.

This is provided for in Article II of the Constitution, which states that the President " shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint ... Judges of the supreme Court.

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

In the European Union member states, Article 2 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits the use of capital punishment.

For example, the Case or Controversy Clause of Article Three of the United States Constitution ( Section 2, Clause 1 ) states that " the judicial Power shall extend ... to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party ".

The Constitution of Japan states in Article 39 that

Signatory states to the Convention can only derogate from the rights contained in Article 2 for deaths which result from lawful acts of war.

The Court has ruled that states have three main duties under Article 2:

Article 15 allows contracting states to derogate from certain rights guaranteed by the Convention in time of " war or other public emergency threatening the life of the nation ".

The Court is quite permissive in accepting a state's derogations from the Convention but applies a higher degree of scrutiny in deciding whether measures taken by states under a derogation are, in the words of Article 15, " strictly required by the exigencies of the situation ".

Article 9 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that, " No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

Article 4 also states that these duties can be delegated by the Emperor as provided for by law.

Under clause 17 Article I Section 8 of the Constitution however, Congress has power to " exercise exclusive Legislation in all cases whatsoever " over the federal district ( Washington, D. C .) and other territory ceded to the federal government by the states, such as for military installations.

In accordance with Article 151 of the Basic Law, Hong Kong concluded over 20 agreements with foreign states in 2010 on matters such as economic and financial co-operation, maritime technical co-operation, postal co-operation and co-operationon wine-related businesses.

:: Example 2 ( parliamentary non-executive monarchy ): Article 1 of the Constitution of Japan states:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): Title II, Article 87 of the Constitution of Italy states:

:: Example 4 ( parliamentary republic ): Article 67 of the Iraqi constitution of 2005 states:

:: Example 5 ( parliamentary republic ): Title II, Chapter I, Article 120 of the Constitution of Portugal states:

:: Example 6 ( semi-presidential republic ): Chapter IV, Section 1, Article 66 of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea states:

Bogers and Fijneman were charged with distributing a scheduled substance ( DMT ); however, the prosecution was unable to prove that the use of ayahuasca by members of the Santo Daime constituted a sufficient threat to public health and order that it warranted denying their rights to religious freedom under ECHR Article 9.

This did not, however, alter the Court's understanding that Article 12 protects only different-sex couples.

The Basic Law's Article 45 stipulates that the ultimate goal is universal suffrage ; when and how to achieve that goal, however, remains open but controversial.

In Ireland, the right to free speech is guaranteed under the Constitution ( Article 40. 6. 1. i ), however, this is only an implied right provided that liberty of expression " shall not be used to undermine public order or morality or the authority of the State ".

At present, however, the Irish version of the subsection prevails in accordance with the rule stated in Article 25. 5. 4 °.

To question these rights and privileges however is strictly prohibited under the Internal Security Act, legalised by the 10th Article ( IV ) of the Constitution of Malaysia.

Throughout the Cold War, this right was widely considered to be meaningless ; however, the corresponding Article 72 of the 1977 Constitution was used in December 1991 to effectively dissolve the Soviet Union, when Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus seceded from the Union.

The President is the military's commander-in-chief ; however Article One gives Congress and not the President the exclusive right to declare war.

In Article II however, the Constitution is not very explicit about the termination of treaties.

On taking office the president must take the following oath, stipulated by Article 56 of the Basic Law, before the assembled members of the Bundestag and Bundesrat ( however he or she is permitted to omit the religious references if so desired ):

Under Article 98, however, in theory at least, international law and the treaties Japan has ratified automatically form a part of domestic law.

( Please note that Japan has a guideline of a limit of 1 % of GDP on defense spending, however, Japan defines a number of activities as non-defense spending ) Given these circumstances, some have viewed Article 9 as increasingly irrelevant.

Any proposal of law in the broadest sense and any proposed treaty is in principle first submitted to the Council of State for legal comment ; this can be limited by formal law, which however only does so for trivial cases ( Article 73 ).

The Senate only can pass or reject laws in full ( Article 85 ), defended by the responsible minister or by members of the House of Representatives having taken the initiative to propose the law ; however, in practice it can send the proposal back asking for a novelle to be passed by the House of Representatives, in fact an amendment of law.

In this system the administrative organs exert the function of both the executive and legislative ( Article 127 ); however to form the daily administration they appoint Deputised States ( for provinces ) or the Colleges of Mayor and Aldermen ( municipalities ).

This ruling has not been overturned, however, in modern times, similar civil rights legislation has been upheld under Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce under Article One, Section 8 of the Constitution.

Article 1. 1 is similar to Article 47 of Protocol I, however Article 1. 2 broadens the definition to include a non-national recruited to overthrow a " Government or otherwise undermining the constitutional order of a State ; or Undermin the territorial integrity of a State ;" and " Is motivated to take part therein essentially by the desire for significant private gain and is prompted by the promise or payment of material compensation ..." – under Article 1. 2 a person does not have to take a direct part in the hostilities in a planned coup d ' état to be a mercenary.

Article III, Section 2 of the United States Constitution grants original jurisdiction to U. S. federal courts over admiralty and maritime matters, however that jurisdiction is not exclusive and most maritime cases can be heard in either state or federal courts under the " saving to suitors " clause.

After these events, the death sentence was reduced to some events in Article 22 of the Mexican Constitution ; however, on June 18, 2008 capital punishment was abolished completely.

This provision, specifically article 17 ( 1 ), protects private adult consensual sexual activity, thereby nullifying prohibitions on homosexual behaviour, however, the wording of this covenant's marriage right ( Article 23 ) excludes the extrapolation of a same-sex marriage right from this provision.