* Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester ( born 1944 )

However, Mary II died childless in 1694, after which William III did not remarry, and Princess Anne's last surviving child, Prince William, Duke of Gloucester, died six years later, after which it was unlikely she would have any more children due to her age and the large number of miscarriages she had previously suffered.

His eldest son and heir Edward V, aged 13, would have succeeded him, but the king's brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester declared his marriage to be bigamous and invalid, making all his children illegitimate.

* 1355 – Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, son of Edward III of England ( d. 1397 )

It resembled Richard II's retreat at Sheen from the 1380s, and was later copied by his younger brother, Duke Humphrey of Gloucester, at Greenwich in the 1430s, as well by his son, John of Lancaster at Fulbrook.

* 1900 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ( d. 1974 )

He is the only Australian ever appointed to this order, although three British governors-general of Australia ( Lord Hopetoun ; Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson, later Lord Novar ; and Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ) were members.

At this time Richard was named Duke of Gloucester as well as being made a Knight of the Garter and a Knight of the Bath.

On 1 November 1461, Richard gained the title of Duke of Gloucester ; in late 1461, he was invested as a Knight of the Garter.

* March 31 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester ( d. 1974 )

* June 10 – Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, Governor-General of Australia ( b. 1900 )

* December 10 – December 11 – King Edward VIII signs an instrument of abdication at Fort Belvedere in the presence of his three brothers, The Duke of York, The Duke of Gloucester and The Duke of Kent.

* Richard Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester ( 1452 – 1483 ), English Prince, Yorkist commander, and future King of England

* June 25 – Before his coronation, King Edward V of England is deposed by his uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who becomes King as Richard III of England.

* July 29 – William, Duke of Gloucester ( b. 1689 )

* January 7 – Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester, son of King Edward III of England ( d. 1397 )

* October 3 – Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester ( d. 1447 )

His reign was dominated by the influence of his uncle Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who succeeded him as Richard III.

Edward IV's will, which has not survived, nominated his trusted brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester, as Protector during the minority of his son.

** Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester ( b. 1390 )

* Duke of Gloucester – Henry's brother

Henry VI was briefly restored to the throne in 1470 in an event known as the Readeption of Henry VI, and Edward took refuge in Burgundy, accompanied by his younger brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

* Richard Grove as Duke Henry the Red

" Fortunately Marlborough ’ s newly appointed aide-de-camp, Richard Molesworth, galloped to the rescue, mounted the Duke on his horse and made good their escape, before Murray ’ s disciplined ranks threw back the pursuing French troopers.

The series follows the exploits of Richard IV's unfavoured second son Edmund, the Duke of Edinburgh ( who calls himself " The Black Adder ") in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and his eventual quest to overthrow him.

* Charles Richard John Spencer-Churchill, 9th Duke of Marlborough ( 1871 – 1934 ), only son of the 8th Duke

* 1460 – Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, claimant to the English throne ( killed in battle ) ( b. 1411 )

* 1460 – Edmund, Earl of Rutland, second son of Richard, Duke of York ( murdered after battle ) ( b. 1443 )

He allied himself with the Duke of Aquitaine and son of Henry II — Richard Lionheart — and together they launched a decisive attack on Henry's castle and home of Chinon and removed him from power.

King Richard, who had been captured by the Duke of Austria on his way back, was believed to still be in the arms of his captors.

Richard was to be appointed the Count of Poitou with control of Aquitaine, whilst Geoffrey was to become the Duke of Brittany.

13th-century depiction of Henry II of England | Henry II and John's siblings: ( l to r ) William IX, Count of Poitiers | William, Henry the Young King | Henry, Richard I of England | Richard, Matilda of England, Duchess of Saxony | Matilda, Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany | Geoffrey, Eleanor of England, Queen of Castile | Eleanor, Joan of England, Queen of Sicily | Joan and John

With his primary heir dead, Henry rearranged the plans for the succession: Richard was to be made King of England, albeit without any actual power until the death of his father ; Geoffrey would retain Brittany ; and John would now become the Duke of Aquitaine in place of Richard.

Richard had in fact been captured en route to England by the Duke of Austria and was handed over to Emperor Henry VI, who held him for ransom.

The crusaders, led not by Frederick but by his representatives Richard Filangieri, Henry IV, Duke of Limburg, and Hermann of Salza, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights, arrived in the east late in 1227, and while waiting for the emperor they set about refortifying Sidon, where they built the sea castle, and Montfort, which later became the headquarters of the Teutonic Knights.

These include Richard Kirwan, John Smeaton, Henry Moyes, John Michell, Pieter Camper, R. E. Raspe, John Baskerville, Thomas Beddoes, John Wyatt, William Thomson, Cyril V. Jackson, Jean-André Deluc, John Wilkinson, John Ash, Samuel More, Robert Bage, James Brindley, Ralph Griffiths, John Roebuck, Thomas Percival, Joseph Black, James Hutton, Benjamin Franklin, Joseph Banks, William Herschel, Daniel Solander, John Warltire, George Fordyce, Alexander Blair, Samuel Parr, Louis Joseph d ' Albert d ' Ailly, the seventh Duke of Chaulnes, Barthélemy Faujas de Saint-Fond, Grossart de Virly ,, Johann Gottling.

Dr. Richard Stac of Duke University developed the process.

* 1455 – Wars of the Roses: at the First Battle of St Albans, Richard, Duke of York, defeats and captures King Henry VI of England.

* Richard III, Duke of Normandy ( 997 – 1027 )

Richard was born at Fotheringhay Castle, the eighth and youngest child of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York ( who was a strong claimant to the throne of King Henry VI ) and Cecily Neville.

However, Andrew used the money to recruit followers among the barons and also sought the assistance of Leopold VI, Duke of Austria.

These proved crucial in 1813 and 1814, when Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington's army besieged the city in the Napoleonic Wars, only taking it when they used a bridge of ships across the Adour to position artillery around the city.

Day said: " During this long, boring period, I used to while away a lot of time listening to the radio, sometimes singing along with the likes of Benny Goodman, Duke Ellington, Tommy Dorsey and Glenn Miller [...].

The " HoloDuke " device projects a hologram of Duke that can be used to distract enemies.

In 1115, Henry V awarded the territory of Eastern Franconia ( Ostfranken ) to his nephew Conrad of Hohenstaufen, who used the title " Duke of Franconia.

The Bishop of Würzburg was more properly the Duke in Franconia ( Herzog in Franken ) rather than the Duke of Franconia ( Herzog von Franken ) during this time although both titles were used.

After 1806 he used the titles: " We, Francis the First, by the grace of God Emperor of Austria ; King of Jerusalem, Hungary, Bohemia, Dalmatia, Croatia, Slavonia, Galicia and Lodomeria ; Archduke of Austria ; Duke of Lorraine, Salzburg, Würzburg, Franconia, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola ; Grand Duke of Cracow ; Grand Prince of Transylvania ; Margrave of Moravia ; Duke of Sandomir, Masovia, Lublin, Upper and Lower Silesia, Auschwitz and Zator, Teschen and Friule ; Prince of Berchtesgaden and Mergentheim ; Princely Count of Habsburg, Gorizia and Gradisca and of the Tirol ; and Margrave of Upper and Lower Lusatia and in Istria ", President of the German Confederation.

On March 19, he sent the telescope he had used to first view Jupiter ’ s moons to the Grand Duke, along with an official copy of Sidereus Nuncius ( The Starry Messenger ) that, following the secretary's advice, named the four moons the Medician Stars.

* GM Iron Duke engine, the nickname given to a 151 cid ( cubic inch displacement ) 4-cylinder internal combustion engine used in many 1980s-era General Motors automobiles, pickup trucks, and the United States Postal Service's LLV Mail trucks

Both Mary and Philip were descended from John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, a relationship which was used to portray Philip as an English king.

But Catholic writers arbitarily reject the emphatic statement of the Duke of Bracciano, one of the leading Catholic nobles of the time. The reputation survived him, and the accusation was used without reservation by Protestant opponents in their polemics against " papism " and Catholic decadence.

The Saturn port used Lobotomy's own Slavedriver engine ( the same engine that powers the Saturn ports of Duke Nukem 3D and Powerslave ) instead of the original Quake engine.

The affair had a lasting influence on Austria, since part of the money from King Richard's ransom was used by Duke Leopold V to finance the founding in 1194 of the new city of Wiener Neustadt, which had a significant role in various periods of subsequent Austrian history up to the present.

At the end of the century the situation had changed, and Uppsala became a bastion of Lutheranism, which Duke Charles, the third of the sons of Gustavus Vasa to eventually become king ( as Charles IX ) used to consolidate his power and eventually oust his nephew Sigismund from the throne.

The usual English spelling of Duke Wenceslas's name, Wenceslaus, is occasionally encountered in later textual variants of the carol, although it was not used by Neale in his version.

The melody was first used in Luxembourg ( at the time in personal union with the Kingdom of the United Netherlands ) on the occasion of the visit of the Dutch King and Grand Duke of Luxembourg William III in 1883.

The Duke of Wellington's armies used it from 1808 in the Peninsular War and at the Battle of Waterloo, and he wrote admiringly of its effectiveness.

While another doctor called Guncelin, recognizing the symptoms of poisoning, was able to rescue the Duke from an imminent death, causing severe vomiting and cleansing the body ; but the assassin wasn't discovered, and this time put the poison in the knife used by Henry IV to cut his bread.

The Duke of Monmouth used " soho " as a rallying call for his men at the Battle of Sedgemoor, half a century after the name was first used for this area of London.

* State Colour-Crimson with insignia and the honors and the Royal Cypher at the corners, used only for the Guards Division in ceremonies in the presence of the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh