According to Hesiod, who related the tale twice ( Theogony, 527ff ; Works and Days 57ff ), Epimetheus was the one who accepted the gift of Pandora from the gods.

In Homer's Odyssey, Hesiod's Theogony and the Homeric Hymn to Demeter, the Sun is once in each work called Hyperionides () ' son of Hyperion ', and Hesiod certainly imagines Hyperion as a separate being in other writings.

The former, retrospective view of perfection had antecedents in antiquity: Hesiod and Ovid had described a " golden age " that had existed at the beginning of time, and which had been succeeded by silver, copper and Iron Ages, each inferior to the previous.

The Greek poet Hesiod wrote that snails signified the time to harvest by climbing the stalks, while the Aztec moon god Tecciztecatl bore a snail shell on his back.

Hesiod identifies Paeon as a separate god, and in later poetry Paeon is invoked independently as a health god.

He is a primordial sea god, generally cited ( first in Hesiod ) as the son of Pontus and Gaia.

In Greek mythology, Scamander ( Skamandros, Xanthos ) ( Greek: Σκάμανδρος ; Ξάνθος ) was a river god, son of Oceanus and Tethys according to Hesiod.

Hesiod and Stesichorus tell the story according to which after her death Iphigenia was divinised under the name of Hecate, fact which would support the assumption that Artemis Tauropolos had a real ancient alliance with the heroine, who was her priestess in Taurid and her human paragon.

" From her is the race of women and female kind ," Hesiod writes ; " of her is the deadly race and tribe of women who live amongst mortal men to their great trouble, no helpmeets in hateful poverty, but only in wealth.

In this version of the myth ( lines 60 – 105 ), Hesiod expands upon her origin, and moreover widens the scope of the misery she inflicts on mankind.

" Thus Harrison concludes " in the patriarchal mythology of Hesiod her great figure is strangely changed and diminished.

) Hesiod writes that, despite her beauty, woman is a bane for mankind, attributing women with laziness and a waste of resources.

Hesiod referred to her as Iophossa, and Pherecydes as Euenia.

Although his work now only survives in fragments, he was revered by the ancient Greeks as one of their most brilliant authors, able to be mentioned in the same breath as Homer and Hesiod, yet he was also censured by them as the archetypal poet of blame — his invectives were even said to have driven his former fiancee and her father to suicide.

According to Apollodorus, Echidna was the daughter of Tartarus and Gaia, while according to Hesiod, either Ceto and Phorcys or Chrysaor and the naiad Callirhoe were her parents.

In this version of the myth ( lines 60 – 105 ), Hesiod expands upon her origin, and moreover widens the scope of the misery she inflicts on mankind.

In Hesiod and most other accounts, Theseus abandoned Ariadne sleeping on Naxos, and Dionysus rediscovered and wedded her.

According to Hesiod in the Theogony, Peitho was the daughter of the Titans Tethys and Oceanus, which would make her an Oceanid and therefore sister of such notable goddesses as Tyche, Doris, Metis, and Calypso.

Thanatos was loosely associated with the three Moirai ( for Hesiod, also daughters of Night ), particularly Atropos, who was a goddess of death in her own right.

Hesiod describes her as " wearing a yellow peplos ".

His mother is variously given: Hyginus calls her Ipsia, Hesiod and the Bibliotheca call her Eidyia, Apollonius calls her Asterodeia, and others Neaera or Eurylyte.

According to Hesiod, she was the personification of misery and sadness, and as such she was represented on the shield of Heracles: pale, emaciated, and weeping, with chattering teeth, swollen knees, long nails on her fingers, bloody cheeks, and her shoulders thickly covered with dust.

There was another Cassiopeia in Greek mythology ; her name is also given as " Cassiepeia "; according to Hesiod, this Cassiopeia was the wife of King Phoenix.

Hesiod connects it by with ( aphros ) " foam ," interpreting it as " risen from the foam ".

Hesiod describes Alcmene as the tallest, most beautiful woman with wisdom surpassed by no person born of mortal parents.

Deimos, " Terror " or " Dread ", and Phobos, " Fear ", are his companions in war and also his children, borne by Aphrodite, according to Hesiod.

* Hesiod, Astronomy, quoted by the Pseudo-Eratostenes, Catasterismi: e-text ( English )

Erasmus is also generally credited with originating the phrase " Pandora's box ", arising through an error in his translation of Pandora by Hesiod in which he confused " pithos ", storage jar, with " pyxis ", box.

According to Hesiod by Tithonus Eos had two sons, Memnon and Emathion.

The consensus is that " the Iliad and the Odyssey date from around the 8th century BC, the Iliad being composed before the Odyssey, perhaps by some decades ," i. e. earlier than Hesiod, the Iliad being the oldest work of Western literature.

Hesiod claimed he was inspired by the Muses to become a poet after they appeared to him on Mount Helicon.

Hesiod ( or ;, Hēsíodos ) was a Greek oral poet generally thought by scholars to have been active between 750 and 650 BC, around the same time as Homer.

Hesiod and the Muse, by Gustave Moreau.

Here he is presented with a lyre, which contradicts the account given by Hesiod himself, in which the gift was a laurel staff.

* a vita of Hesiod by the Byzantine grammarian John Tzetzes ;

The other tradition, first mentioned in an epigram by Chersias of Orchomenus written in the 7th century BC ( within a century or so of Hesiod's death ) claims that Hesiod lies buried at Orchomenus, a town in Boeotia.

Three works attributed to Hesiod by ancient commentators have survived: Works and Days, Theogony and Shield of Heracles.

Many ancient critics also rejected Theogony ( e. g. Pausanias 9. 31. 3 ) but that seems rather perverse since Hesiod mentions himself by name in that poem ( line 22 ).

For example, the first ten verses of the Works and Days may have been borrowed from an Orphic hymn to Zeus ( they were recognised as not the work of Hesiod by critics as ancient as Pausanias ).

Some scholars have detected a proto-historical perspective in Hesiod, a view rejected by Paul Cartledge, for example, on the grounds that Hesiod advocates a not-forgetting without any attempt at verification.

* The lyric poet Bacchylides quoted / paraphrased Hesiod in a victory ode addressed to Hieron of Syracuse, commemorating the tyrant's win in the chariot race at the Pythian Games 470 BC, the attribution made with these words: " A man of Boeotia, Hesiod, minister of the Muses, spoke thus: ' He whom the immortals honour is attended also by the good report of men.

It has been identified by Gisela Richter as an imagined portrait of Hesiod.

This anomaly can be explained by the fact that Hesiod made a conscious effort to compose like an Ionian epic poet at a time when digamma was not heard in Ionian speech, while Homer tried to compose like an older generation of Ionian bards, when it was heard in Ionian speech.

* Hesiod, Works and Days Book 1 Works and Days Book 2 Works and Days Book 3 Translated from the Greek by Mr. Cooke ( London, 1728 ).

* Web texts taken from Hesiod, the Homeric Hymns and Homerica, edited and translated by Hugh G. Evelyn-White, published as Loeb Classical Library # 57, 1914, ISBN 0-674-99063-3:

In another tradition, attested by Hesiod, Hera bore Hephaestus alone.