The Arrhenius definition states that acids are substances which increase the concentration of hydronium ions ( H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >) in solution.

An Arrhenius acid is a substance that increases the concentration of the hydronium ion, H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >, when dissolved in water.

: H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( l ) H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) + OH < sup >−</ sup >( aq )

In pure water the majority of molecules exist as H < sub > 2 </ sub > O, but a small number of molecules are constantly dissociating and re-associating.

Note that chemists often write H < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) and refer to the hydrogen ion when describing acid-base reactions but the free hydrogen nucleus, a proton, does not exist alone in water, it exists as the hydronium ion, H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >.

Both theories easily describe the first reaction: CH < sub > 3 </ sub > COOH acts as an Arrhenius acid because it acts as a source of H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup > when dissolved in water, and it acts as a Brønsted acid by donating a proton to water.

There appeared to be no difference in the distribution of anti-A and anti-B activity in group O serum, though in two group O donors ( J. F. and E. M. ) only one type of agglutinin was found in the regions of low anionic binding capacity ( Figs. 1 and 2 ).

A sample of Fraction Af from group O plasma was dissolved in starting buffer, dialyzed against this buffer and subjected to chromatography using the gradient shown in Fig. 2.

Brackets indicate concentration, such that means the concentration of H < sub > 2 </ sub > O.

Antimony is stable in air at room temperature, but reacts with oxygen if heated to form antimony trioxide, Sb < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 3 </ sub >.

Only a limited number of actinium compounds are known including AcF < sub > 3 </ sub >, AcCl < sub > 3 </ sub >, AcBr < sub > 3 </ sub >, AcOF, AcOCl, AcOBr, Ac < sub > 2 </ sub > S < sub > 3 </ sub >, Ac < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 3 </ sub > and AcPO < sub > 4 </ sub >.

An amide is a compound with the functional group R < sub > n </ sub > E ( O )< sub > x </ sub > NR '< sub > 2 </ sub > ( R and R ' refer to H or organic groups ).

The term amide refers both to classes of compounds and to the functional group ( R < sub > n </ sub > E ( O )< sub > x </ sub > NR '< sub > 2 </ sub >) within those compounds.

The ensemble is generally represented as RC ( O ) NH < sub > 2 </ sub >.

Closely related and even more numerous are amides derived from primary amines ( R ' NH < sub > 2 </ sub >) with the formula RC ( O ) NHR '.

* The single verse, 2 Samuel 18: 33, regarding David's grief at the loss of his son (" And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom!

For some elements, allotropes have different molecular formulae which can persist in different phases – for example, two allotropes of oxygen ( dioxygen, O < sub > 2 </ sub > and ozone, O < sub > 3 </ sub >), can both exist in the solid, liquid and gaseous states.

After the acceptance of Avogadro's hypothesis in 1860 it was understood that elements could exist as polyatomic molecules, and the two allotropes of oxygen were recognized as O < sub > 2 </ sub > and O < sub > 3 </ sub >.

As an example of different chemical behaviour, ozone ( O < sub > 3 </ sub >) is a much stronger oxidizing agent than dioxygen ( O < sub > 2 </ sub >).

# H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup >( aq ) + Cl < sup >−</ sup >( aq ) + NH < sub > 3 </ sub > → Cl < sup >−</ sup >( aq ) + NH < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup >+</ sup >( aq )

The species that gains the electron pair is the Lewis acid ; for example, the oxygen atom in H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sup >+</ sup > gains a pair of electrons when one of the H — O bonds is broken and the electrons shared in the bond become localized on oxygen.

: CH < sub > 2 </ sub >= CH < sub > 2 </ sub > + X < sub > 2 </ sub > + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O </ sub > → XCH < sub > 2 </ sub >- CH < sub > 2 </ sub > OH

: R < sub > 1 </ sub >- CH = CH-R < sub > 2 </ sub > + O < sub > 3 </ sub > → R < sub > 1 </ sub >- CHO + R < sub > 2 </ sub >- CHO + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O

: CH < sub > 2 </ sub >= CH < sub > 2 </ sub > + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O </ sub > → CH < sub > 3 </ sub >- CH < sub > 2 </ sub > OH

A typical monosaccharide has the structure H -( CHOH )< sub > x </ sub >( C = O )-( CHOH )< sub > y </ sub >- H, that is, an aldehyde or ketone with many hydroxyl groups added, usually one on each carbon atom that is not part of the aldehyde or ketone functional group.

In a test performed by his physiologist, Erlend Hem, Dæhlie made a VO < sub > 2 </ sub >- max of 96 ml / kg / min of O < sub > 2 </ sub >, a world record.

The simpler alkyl radical is written in front, so CH < sub > 3 </ sub >- O-CH < sub > 2 </ sub > CH < sub > 3 </ sub > would be given as methoxy ( CH < sub > 3 </ sub > O ) ethane ( CH < sub > 2 </ sub > CH < sub > 3 </ sub >).

: Anode Reaction: CO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >- 2 </ sup > + H < sub > 2 </ sub > → H < sub > 2 </ sub > O + CO < sub > 2 </ sub > + 2e < sup >-</ sup >

This decrease in hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen by the binding of carbon dioxide and acid is known as the Bohr effect ( shifts the O < sub > 2 </ sub >- saturation curve to the right ).

N < sup > 7 </ sup > and O < sup > 6 </ sup > of guanine and the N < sup > 3 </ sup > and N < sup > 7 </ sup > of adenine are most susceptible to attack ; while N < sup > 7 </ sup >- guanine adducts, which form the bulk of DNA adducts, appear to be non-mutagenic, alkylation at O < sup > 6 </ sup > of guanine is harmful because excision repair of O < sup > 6 </ sup >- adduct of guanine may be poor in some tissues such as the brain.

The O < sup > 6 </ sup > methylation of guanine can result in G to A transition, while O < sup > 4 </ sup >- methylthymine can be mispaired with guanine.

: CH < sub > 2 </ sub > O + HCN + NH < sub > 3 </ sub > → NH < sub > 2 </ sub >- CH < sub > 2 </ sub >- CN + H < sub > 2 </ sub > O

Relative to most common igneous rocks, basalt compositions are rich in MgO and CaO and low in SiO < sub > 2 </ sub > and the alkali oxides, i. e., Na < sub > 2 </ sub > O + K < sub > 2 </ sub > O, consistent with the TAS classification.

Group-II kimberlites ( or orangeites ) are ultrapotassic, peralkaline rocks rich in volatiles ( dominantly H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ).

Elkridge had a rich history of industries including pig-iron forging, basket weaving, paper, cotton and grist milling, as well as employment from the B & O Railroad.

* Abell, G. O., A catalog of rich clusters of galaxies, American Astronomical Society ( 1989 ) ASIN B000726Y06

The rich description of the cycle of the seasons enables the reader to feel a belonging " to something larger than the self ", as James O ' Rourke expresses it, but the cycle comes to an end each year, analogous to the ending of single life.

Green's extreme respect for her own privacy aside, she entered the lexicon of turn-of-the-century America with the popular phrase, " I'm not Hetty if I do look green ;" this phrase is quoted in O. Henry's 1890s story " The Skylight Room " when a young woman, negotiating the rent on a room in a rooming house owned by an imperious old lady, wishes to make it clear she is neither as rich as she appears nor as naive.

Armalcolite is a titanium rich mineral that falls under the magnesianferropseudobrookite mineral group with Fe < sup > 2 +</ sup > Ti < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 5 </ sub > and MgTi < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 5 </ sub > as end members.

Page knew of rich untapped bituminous coal fields lying between the New River Valley and the lower Guyandotte River in southern West Virginia in an area not yet reached by the C & O and its major competitor, the Norfolk & Western Railway ( N & W ).

Systematic archaeological studies ( N. Khoshtaria, O. Lordkipanidze ) carried out in the Vani environs since 1947 revealed the remnants of a rich city of the ancient power of Colchis.

O love, they die in yon rich sky,

Hugo Z. Hackenbush ( Groucho Marx ) is a veterinarian who is hired as chief of staff for the Standish Sanitarium, owned by Judy Standish ( Maureen O ' Sullivan ), at the insistence of her most important patient, the rich Mrs. Upjohn, ( Margaret Dumont ), who insists on being treated only by Dr. Hackenbush.

Tapping into a rich knowledge of local and national politics, Barnicle had unique takes on the ups and downs of luminaries such as Sen. Ted Kennedy, Sen. John Kerry, and longtime Congressional Speaker of the House Thomas Tip O ' Neill as well as Boston mayors Kevin White, Ray Flynn, and Tom Menino.

Rosie O ' Donnell played hard-up Lorraine Popowski, while Melissa Gilbert-Brinkman played her rich sister Rochelle Dunphy.

Davis described Maguire as ' inspired ', while O ' Sullivan was again rich in his praise for the youngster, claiming ' he could rule the game for the next ten years '.

In New Zealand, Labour Party MP Damien O ' Connor has, in the Labour Party campaign launch video for the 2011 general election, called trickle-down economics " the rich pissing on the poor ".

Examples include winning a flight to New York only for the flight to be hijacked by terrorists, getting to sleep with an attractive rich woman whose husband turns out to be O. J.

He had roles on television, including a role as Richard Kimble's father in The Fugitive and lead roles on episodes of Alfred Hitchcock Presents (" Ten O ' Clock Tiger ") and The Twilight Zone (" The Masks "), which was his last screen effort, in the role of Jason Foster, the rich New Orleans patriarch to a self-centered, greed-riddled family awaiting their benefactor to die.

From 1900 to 1920 most of the C & O's lines tapping the rich bituminous coal fields of southern West Virginia and eastern Kentucky were built, and the C & O as it was known throughout the rest of the 20th Century was essentially in place.

* those rich in P < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 5 </ sub > and in TiO < sub > 2 </ sub >, called HPT ( high phosphorus and titanium )

He knew of rich untapped bituminous coal fields lying between the New River Valley and the lower Guyandotte River in southern West Virginia in an area not yet reached by the C & O and its major competitor, the Norfolk and Western Railway ( N & W ).

The most common mineral assemblage of granulite facies consists of antiperthitic plagioclase, alkali feldspar containing up to 50 % albite and Al < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 3 </ sub ></ tt >- rich pyroxenes.

:: O rich and poor, one with another, dance for joy!