From the 15th century in central and northern Italy, libraries of humanists and their enlightened patrons provided a nucleus around which an " academy " of scholars congregated in each Italian city of consequence.

From the 15th century in central and northern Italy, libraries of humanists and their enlightened patrons provided a nucleus around which an " academy " of scholars congregated in each Italian city of consequence. Malatesta Novello, lord of Cesena, founded the Malatestiana Library.

In the Anglo-Saxon world, the term philology to describe work on languages and literatures, which had become synonymous with the practices of German scholars, was abandoned as a consequence of anti-German feeling following World War I.

Where Wolfson breaks with Idel and other scholars of the kabbalah is in his insistence that the consequence of that heteroerotic union is the restoration of the female to the male.

Similarly to other German scholars, he welcomed the outbreak of the revolution as a clear consequence of the Enlightenment.

While most scholars recognize historical links between Darwin's theory and forms of social Darwinism, they also maintain that social Darwinism is not a necessary consequence of the principles of biological evolution and that using biological evolution as a justification for policies of inequality amounts to committing the naturalistic fallacy.

Some scholars go as far as to claim that neither insulin resistance, nor obesity are really metabolic disorders per se, but simply adaptive responses to sustained caloric surplus, intended to protect bodily organs from lipotoxicity ( unsafe levels of lipids in the bloodstream and tissues ): " Obesity should therefore not be regarded as a pathology or disease, but rather as the normal, physiologic response to sustained caloric surplus ... As a consequence of the high level of lipid accumulation in insulin target tissues including skeletal muscle and liver, it has been suggested that exclusion of glucose from lipid-laden cells is a compensatory defense against further accumulation of lipogenic substrate.

In these scholars ' view, the Romanians ' ethnogenesis was the consequence of the cohabitation of the autochthonous Dacians and the Roman colonists, because the masses of the " Daco-Romans " did not left the province when the Roman troops and administration were withdrawn from the territories north of the river Danube.

In 2011, and as a consequence of the 2010 Mackay conference, CESNUR ( Center for Studies of New Religions ) held its annual conference at Aletheia University, Aletheia President Ming-Ta Wu honoring London School of Economics Professor of Sociology Eileen Vartan Barker with the Mackay Award for Distinguished Scholarship and Humanity, Mackay's humanitarianism and struggle against racism a centerpiece of this conference and attended by more than sixty international scholars of religion.

Several modern scholars believe, in consequence of this statement, that Yhwh was the deity of Jethro, and that from Jethro through the agency of Moses his worship passed to the Israelites.

The " tumult " which surrounded this usurpation was probably violent, though whether or not it involved the deposition or assassination of the legitimate king, Wittiza, or was a consequence of his recent natural death has divided scholars.

And as a consequence the elusive meaning of the concept of " institution " has resulted in a bewildering and never-ending dispute about which scholars are " institutionalists " or not — and a similar confusion about what is supposed to be the core of the theory.

As a consequence, many scholars ( e. g., C. A. Macartney, E. Glück, E. Fügedi ) favor a late date, one or two years before St Gerard ’ s appointment.

As a consequence several scholars feel it is difficult to determine which parts are Shem Tov's commentary, and which parts are the actual text of the source he was quoting.

There are an estimated 40 000 Chevening Scholarship alumni, with an emphasis being placed on improved links with and between previous scholars as a consequence of reviews in 2005 page 40 and 2006.

In bioinformatics, a sequence alignment is a way of arranging the sequences of DNA, RNA, or protein to identify regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships between the sequences.

In 1878, in consequence of the permission given to priests to marry, Langen ceased to identify himself with the Old Catholic movement, but was not reconciled with the Roman Catholic Church.

A consequence of FEM development, and subsequent experimentation, was that it became possible to identify ( from FEM image inspection ) when an emitter was " clean ", and hence exhibiting its clean-surface work-function as established by other techniques.

Minds ( and, as a consequence, Culture starships ) usually bear names that do a little more than just identify them.

Such modifications are sometimes a consequence of a programmer error, which can be very difficult to identify once made.

As a consequence archaeologists are continuing to identify and study previously unknown pyramid structures.

As a consequence of this avoidance of repetition, a single name was as a rule sufficient to identify a person.

He refused to identify social democracy with the extreme views as to religion and the family advocated by August Bebel, and successfully resisted attempts made in 1891 to expel him from the party in consequence of his opinions.

As a consequence, you can identify linkage groups between different genetic maps but, for their development it is necessary to know the sequence ( which is still expensive and is considered one of their down sides ).

In consequence, mortality among young female Leadbeater's possums is high — average female lifespan is little more than 27 months, as opposed to about 10 years in captivity.

When female subservience occurs as a consequence of a social system in which males, either as fathers or husbands, hold legal or de facto authority and power over related women, children, and household property, the arrangement is generally known as patriarchy.

As a consequence of the law, the years following the ban has seen an increasing number of Islamic secondary schools being established, Muslim female students increasingly choosing to study at home, some shaving their hair, and others migrating away from France with their families.

The consequence of this extreme variation of female choice from year to year is the maintenance of genetic variation in several different male sexual ornaments.

An additional consequence of variation of female choice annually is the potential elimination of phenotypic selection for male trait exaggeration.

According to the National Commission for the Status of Women ( NCSW ) and Amnesty International in Asia and the Pacific, 88 % of the female prisoners are in jail as a direct consequence of the Hudood Ordinance on adultery ( including both those awaiting trial and those convicted ).

Although condemning female circumcision overall, this statement suggested that current federal law banning female circumcision had the unintended consequence of driving families to perform the procedures in other countries, where these girls faced increased risk.

In Arabic the word jawari is the plural of jariya meaning ( a female servant ) which by today's standard we would call concubine mistress or dame there was actually two kinds of female servants jariya one that manages the household and runs daily errands and the second type used to be called qina also qaenawas a jariya who had the ability to sing which put her above ( in market value ) than the usual jariya, often this kind of jawari was worth a lot of money, in consequence they have become a privilege for princes and wealthy merchants, and the word ghilman is the plural of ghoulam ( a young male servants ) also referred to as eunuch, castrato, ephebus, ephebe.

Although sex ratios of the broods are balanced, adult populations tend to be largely female, as males appear to suffer higher rates of mortality due to a greater susceptibility to predators and disease as a consequence of their brighter colours and a life devoted to frenzied breeding.

Large numbers of adult women are absent from the population in some regions, a consequence of female infanticide during recent decades.

Moreover, breast development sometimes is abnormal, manifested either as overdevelopment ( e. g. virginal breast hypertrophy ) or as underdevelopment ( e. g. tuberous breast deformity ) in girls and women ; and manifested in boys and men as gynecomastia ( woman's breasts ), the consequence of a biochemical imbalance between the normal levels of the estrogen and testosterone hormones of the male body.

The 1928 revised forms of Matrimony and Baptism were quite widely adopted, but those of other rites tended not to be ; the consequence, in practice, being very wide variation in liturgical practice from parish to parish, with very few churchmen adhering consistently to the strict observation of either the 1662 or the 1928 forms of worship.

These findings suggest that acute seizures are a predictable consequence of disruption of the BBB by either artificial or inflammatory mechanisms.

As a consequence, samples that produce a significant amount of vapour, e. g. wet biological samples or oil-bearing rock, must be either dried or cryogenically frozen.

At a meeting in Balamand, Lebanon in June 1993, the Joint International Commission for the Theological Dialogue between the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church declared that these initiatives that " led to the union of certain communities with the See of Rome and brought with them, as a consequence, the breaking of communion with their Mother Churches of the East … took place not without the interference of extra-ecclesial interests "; and that what has been called " uniatism " " can no longer be accepted either as a method to be followed nor as a model of the unity our Churches are seeking " ( section 12 ).

However, the APNSA is a staff position in the Executive Office of the President and does not have line authority over either the Department of State or the Department of Defense, but is able, as a consequence thereof, to offer advice to the President-unlike the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense who are senate-confirmed officials with line authority over their departments-independently of the vested interests of the large bureaucracies and clientele of those departments.

As a consequence of its diagonal movement, each bishop always remains on either the white or black squares, and so it is also common to refer to them as light-squared or dark-squared bishops.

But it follows from the consequence argument that, if Jane had remained standing, she would have either generated a contradiction, violated the laws of nature or changed the past.

Lactose intolerance is a consequence of lactase deficiency, which may be either genetic or environmentally induced, depending on whether it is primary, secondary, or congenital.

The Serb diaspora was the consequence of either voluntary departure, coercion and / or forced migrations or expulsions:

At last, in consequence of the unanimous resistance offered by the tribunes of the plebs, he gave way, either voluntarily or through compulsion, and laid down his Dictatorship.

These findings suggest that acute seizures are a predictable consequence of disruption of the BBB by either artificial or inflammatory mechanisms.

As a consequence of the ensuing rejection, particularly by his father ( Peter MacNeill ), Sweet William had the choice of either running away to live in a big city far away from the family or committing suicide by hanging himself from a tree in the garden.

One consequence of this is that nations who are starting an armed conflict must now argue that they are either exercising the right of self-defense, the right of collective defense, or-it seems-the enforcement of the criminal law of jus cogens.

* People may die from positional asphyxia by simply getting themselves into a breathing-restricted position they cannot get out of, either through carelessness or as a consequence of another accident.

As a consequence, Rest of the World matches are usually played as one-off events either as friendly games or for a non-competitive special purpose, such as international aid or commemoration.

Because a pocket veto cannot be overridden, it is sometimes used to describe situations where either one person, or a small group, can override the will of a much larger group without consequence.

As a consequence, every director in IDV wanted to be part of this amazing success story and Collis found himself being squeezed out by other directors with no knowledge or experience of either the USSR or the brand.

At sunset the wind died away ; and, from the land in the vicinity of the mountain indicating every appearance of the existence of either a large sheet of water or an opening of consequence, I was induced to remain two days to examine the beach more narrowly ; but, after beating about with a strong south-easterly current which prevented my tracing the beach to the northward of the Mount, and having only seen an inconsiderable opening that communicates by a shoal channel with a small lagoon at the back of the beach, I gave up the search ; still without satisfying myself of the non-existence of an inlet, which, if there be one, probably communicates with the sea nearer to Point Danger.

In his social-climbing manual, Elizabethan George Puttenham recommends that would-be courtiers have " sickness in his sleeve, thereby to shake off other importunities of greater consequence " and suggests feigning a " dry dropsy [...] of some such other secret disease, as the common conversant can hardly discover, and the physician either not speedily heal, or not honestly bewray.

Millions of Angolans would die as a direct consequence of the decolonisation, either due to the violence of the armed conflict or malnutrition and disease.

However, the Zip cartridge lacks the Bernoulli plate of the earlier product, and as a consequence, the Zip cartridge has only one disk in the cartridge in contrast to the two disks in a Bernoulli cartridge ( one on either side of the Bernoulli plate ).

One consequence of the lost lawsuits, was the magazine's suspension of publication of classified advertisements for mercenary work, either in the U. S. or overseas.

* Following the annulment of her marriage to King Henry VIII of England, Katherine of Aragon was styled either " Princess Dowager of Wales " or " Dowager Princess of Wales " in consequence of her previous marriage ( 1501 ) to Henry's older brother, Arthur, Prince of Wales ( died 1502 ).