Luther borrowed from the humanists the sense of individualism, that each man can be his own priest ( an attitude likely to find popular support considering the rapid rise of an educated urban middle class in the North ), and that the only true authority is the Bible, echoing the reformist zeal of the conciliar movement and opening up the debate once again on limiting the authority of the Pope.

The United States presidential election of 1920 was dominated by the aftermath of World War I and a hostile response to certain policies of Democratic president Woodrow Wilson, as well as the massive reaction against the reformist zeal of the Progressive Era.

Dion later decides to support his brother rather than Warren in the election, convinced he can cut out Warren altogether and reign-in Jack's reformist zeal.

One accused could be convicted by a jury who supported the existing law, while another person indicted for the same offence could be acquitted by a jury who, with reformist zeal, wished to express disapproval of the same law.

According to Joseph P. Schultz, modern scholarship " considers the Maccabean revolt less as an uprising against foreign oppression than as a civil war between the orthodox and reformist parties in the Jewish camp ", while John J. Collins writes that while the civil war between Jewish leaders led to the king's new policies, it is wrong to see the revolt as simply a conflict between Hellenism and Judaism, since " The revolt was not provoked by the introduction of Greek customs ( typified by the building of a gymnasium ) but by the persecution of people who observed the Torah by having their children circumcised and refusing to eat pork.

The reformist Sobhe Emrooz newspaper in one of its editorials revealed that the Cinema Rex was burned down by the radical Islamists.

There is a third view that sees merit in both arguments above and attempts to bridge them, and so cannot be articulated as starkly as they can ; it sees more than one Christianity and more than one attitude towards paganism at work in the poem, separated from each other by hundreds of years ; it sees the poem as originally the product of a literate Christian author with one foot in the pagan world and one in the Christian, himself a convert perhaps or one whose forbears had been pagan, a poet who was conversant in both oral and literary milieus and was capable of a masterful " repurposing " of poetry from the oral tradition ; this early Christian poet saw virtue manifest in a willingness to sacrifice oneself in a devotion to justice and in an attempt to aid and protect those in need of help and greater safety ; good pagan men had trodden that noble path and so this poet presents pagan culture with equanimity and respect ; yet overlaid upon this early Christian poet's composition are verses from a much later reformist " fire-and-brimstone " Christian poet who vilifies pagan practice as dark and sinful and who adds satanic aspects to its monsters.

The 1830s saw a surge of the reformist movement, whose main leader was José Antonio Saco, standing out for his criticism of Spanish despotism and the slave trade.

Deng Xiaoping ( Pinyin: Dèng Xiǎopíng, ; 22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997 ) was a politician and reformist leader of the Communist Party of China who led China towards a market economy.

Algarotti's Essay on the Opera ( 1755 ) was a major influence on the librettist Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni and the composer Tommaso Traetta, and in the development of Gluck's reformist ideology.

On 27 October 1990 in an upset victory, Askar Akayev, the president of the Kyrgyz Academy of Sciences and reformist Communist Party member, was elected to the newly created Presidency defeating Communist Party leader Absamat Masaliyev.

The term was later applied to a number of revolutionary movements, especially socialism, anarchism, and communism, as well as more reformist movements such as green politics, social democracy, and social liberalism.

The reformist period peaked with the Constitution, called the Kanûn-u Esâsî ( meaning " Basic Law " in Ottoman Turkish ), written by members of the Young Ottomans, which was promulgated on 23 November 1876.

It began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected the First Secretary of Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, and continued until 21 August when the Soviet Union and all members of the Warsaw Pact, with the notable exception of Romania, invaded the country to halt the reforms.

After Carthage emerged victorious from the Mercenary War there were two opposing factions: the reformist party was led by Hamilcar Barca while the other, more conservative, faction was represented by Hanno the Great and the old Carthaginian aristocracy.

While she would later hold the reformist position that the papacy was a corrupting influence on Christianity, her conservative tendencies could be seen in her devotion to the Virgin Mary.

Bentham said that it was the placing of women in a legally inferior position that made him choose, at the age of eleven, the career of a reformist.

Though Provence was generally conservative, it often elected reformist leaders ; Prime Minister Léon Gambetta was the son of a Marseille grocer, and future prime minister Georges Clemenceau was elected deputy from the Var in 1885.

The spirit of reformist optimism was cut short by the 1973 oil crisis and the major public services strike 1974, which gave Germany's trade unions, led by Heinz Kluncker, a big wage increase but reduced Brandt's financial leeway for further reforms.

His grandfather was a prominent physician and a social reformist who founded one of the first secular schools in Chile.

The Progressive Era was similarly making its reformist mark felt in districts like the Acre all over the country.

As leader of a new generation of Swedish Social Democrats, Olof Palme was often described as a " revolutionary reformist ".

One of his faithful companions was Zheng Xiaoxu, a Qing reformist and loyalist.

In the same way, Veda-centric Hindu reformist movements in the 18th-19th centuries such as the Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj, were also highly critical of image worship like the Semitic religions and called for a return to the ancient Vedic and Upanishadic teachings.

ICOC Chronicler Chris Lee asserts that three factions emerged, still extant today: a conservative group which seeks a return to the former, authoritarian structure ; a moderate group that, " while they recognize that reform is necessary, feel that the current rate of reform is sufficient "; and a reformist group which advocates radical restructuring.

* Islamism or political Islam, both follows and departs from reformist fundamentalism, embracing a return to the sharia, but adopting Western terminology such as revolution and ideology and taking a more liberal attitude towards women's rights.

Occasionally there would be organized attempts to clean up the Tenderloin, and reformist mayors, such as William Russell Grace and Abram S. Hewitt would authorize raids on saloons and brothels, even those under the protection of " Clubber " Williams, but the effects were generally temporary: prostitutes would decamp to outlying areas, and return when the latest crusade was over.

Many believed that the time had come to return the party to its reformist roots.

A powerful section of " the Brahmo Samaj within the Brahmo Samaj of India " and with reformist views more advanced than Keshub's, especially on women's education and upliftment, now openly complained that they were left with no religious status whatsoever other than to turn to Christ like their leader, which was distasteful to them or return to Brahmo Dharma's fold in disgrace.

In 2002, after the state-certified election of a new reformist mayor by New Rome residents, the unelected Village Council refused to recognize him and claimed that the old mayor ( to whom most of the Council were related ) was still in office.

* December 11-Jakob Miller, Catholic reformist theologian ( born 1550 )

Charles revived the Family Compact with France on 15 August 1761 and joined in the Seven Years ' War against Britain in 1762 ; the reformist policies he had espoused in Naples were pursued with similar energy in Spain, where he completely overhauled the cumbersome bureaucracy of the state.

This form is useful to explain neoliberal reforms in countries where either the will or ability to enforce property rights is lacking, such as the problems of post Soviet Russia, in which reformist politicians colluded with politically connected business people.

Following the separation, Charlotte moved with her daughter to Pasadena, California, where she became active in several feminist and reformist organizations such as The Pacific Coast Woman's Press Association, the Woman's Alliance, the Economic Club, the Ebell Society, the Parents Association, and the State Council of Women, in addition to writing and editing the Bulletin, a journal put out by one of the earlier-mentioned organizations.

Upon the urging and encouragement of the activist Cardinal Archbishop of Manila Jaime Sin, millions of Filipinos trooped to Camp Aguinaldo along Epifanio De los Santos Avenue ( EDSA ), where Enrile and Ramos have been holding operations, to give their moral support and prayers for the reformist soldiers.

Frontism was a tactic endorsed by Lenin, where Communists sought tactical agreements with reformist ( social democratic ) parties in pursuit of a definite, usually defensive, goal.

While officially ranking as the last ( 30th ) candidate of Tehran in the Iranian Parliament election, 2000 after some recounts by the Council of Guardians which had led to annulment of 700, 000 Tehrani votes and removal of Alireza Rajaei and Ali Akbar Rahmani from the top 30, Haddad-Adel collected the most votes from Tehran four years later, in Iranian Parliament election, 2004, when many reformist candidates where not allowed to run.

A basic comparison of the partial lists indicated that even among the seats where the reformist alliance had a candidate, only 28 % ( 30 out of 107 ) were elected.

Perhaps the closest parallels to Poland's ' Noble Democracy ' can be found outside Europe altogether ― in America ― among the slave-owning aristocracy of The South, where slave-owning democrats and founding fathers of the USA such as Thomas Jefferson or George Washington had many values in common with the reformist noblemen of the Commonwealth.

He finished his education in 1894 – 1896 in Zürich, Nancy and Montpellier, where he wrote for La Jeunesse Socialiste and La Petite République, maintaining a friendship with Guesde and becoming an opponent of Jean Jaurès ' reformist views.

Karroubi was among the reformist candidates in the presidential election of 2005, where he finished third in the vote count, closely following the front runners, ex-president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani and Tehran mayor Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

He later studied at Oxford University where he first became familiar with the reformist teachings of John Wyclif.

He taught for many years in Saint-Brieuc, then went to study in Paris, where he influenced the reformist Alfred Firmin Loisy, a founder of the failed movement to bring Catholicism into sympathy with science, the modern social sciences and philosophy, called " Catholic modernism ," which eventually precipitated the crisis in the Church under Pope Pius X in the years around 1907.

Shaken to its foundations, the 7th Plenum of the Central Committee held in July 1956 split into two informal factions, the " ethno-nationalist " Natolin and the " reformist " Puławy faction named after the locations where they held their meetings: the Palace of Natolin near Warsaw, and Puławska Street in Warsaw.

" Byron responded to Southey with his own Vision of Judgment ( n. b. the " reformist " spelling ), where Southey appears as a scribbler writing encomiums on weak kings.