In certifying that the amendment had been validly ratified, the Archivist of the United States had acted under statutory authority granted to his office by the Congress under Title 1, section 106b of the United States Code, which states:

* The final article of the Constitution of Italy ( Article 139, Section 2, Title 6 of Part 2 ) holds the " form of Republic " above amendment.

Title X of the Constitution establishes that the approval of a new constitution or the approval of any constitutional amendment affecting the Preliminary Title, or Section I of Chapter II of Title I ( on Fundamental Rights and Public Liberties ) or Title II ( on the Crown ), the so-called " protected provisions ", are subject to a special process that requires ( 1 ) that two-thirds of each House approve the amendment, ( 2 ) that elections are called immediately thereafter, ( 3 ) that two-thirds of each new House approves the amendment, and ( 4 ) that the amendment is approved by the people in a referendum.

Sponsored by Representative Les Aspin, the bill added the fourth paragraph to Title 10 § 1128 and authorized the POW Medal for those captured “ by foreign armed forces that are hostile to the United States, under circumstances which the Secretary concerned finds to have been comparable to those under which persons have generally been held captive by enemy armed forces during periods of armed conflict .” This amendment was the result of congressional recognition of multiple groups of individuals who were not originally authorized to receive the medal after Department of Defense review, such as the < i > USS Pueblo </ i > crew detained in North Korea in 1968, the US Navy and US Army Air Force crews interned in neutral Russia during World War II, the US Army Air Force crews interned in neutral Switzerland during World War II, US Marine Corps Col. William R. Higgins who was kidnapped in 1988 and executed by Hezbollah-affiliated terrorists, and the U. S. Marines from the U. S. Embassy in Teheran, Iran who were held hostage by terrorists from 1979 – 1981 in the Iran Hostage Crisis.

" What exactly qualifies as comparable circumstances of captivity and treatment was never defined in Title 10, although the 38 USC § 101 ( 32 ) Veterans Affairs POW Status statute that served as the source of the ' comparability clause ' for the 1989 amendment to Title 10 contains similar language requiring " circumstances which the Secretary finds to have been comparable to the circumstances under which persons have generally been forcibly detained or interned by enemy governments during periods of war.

On Saturday, February 8, 1964, while the Civil Rights Act was being debated on the House floor, Howard W. Smith of Virginia, Chairman of the Rules Committee and staunch opponent of all civil rights legislation, rose up and offered a one word amendment to Title VII, which prohibited employment discrimination.

The amendment, named after its major co-sponsors Henry M. " Scoop " Jackson of Washington in the Senate and Charles Vanik of Ohio in the House of Representatives, both Democrats, is contained in Title IV of the 1974 Trade Act.

The French Constitution states in its Title XVI, Article 89, On Amendments to the Constitution ," The republican form of government shall not be the object of any amendment " thus forbidding the restoration of the monarchy or the empire.

As an alternative to an outright ban, 10 countries follow regulations that are contained in a 1996 amendment of Protocol II of the Convention on Conventional Weapons ( CCW ).

The constitutional amendment took effect July 10, 2011. This amendment shifted back to the ordaining body the responsibility for making decisions about whom they shall ordain and what they shall require of their candidates for ordination.

At 10: 32 a. m. on July 13, Reagan signed the second letter and ordered its delivery to the appropriate officers as required under the amendment.

On March 10, 1971, the Senate voted 94 – 0 in favor of proposing a Constitutional amendment to guarantee that the voting age could not be higher than 18.

Lacking the two-thirds majority necessary in both houses of the Legislature to submit constitutional amendments to the electorate, in 2004 the Popular Democratic Party's then-majority approved legislation to hold a referendum, not on a particular constitutional amendment as such, but on the general concept of switching from a bicameral to a unicameral system which was held on July 10, 2005.

Carman put to Hamilton that he had acted corruptly to demand and then take £ 10, 000 from Mobil Oil in 1989 for the tabling of an amendment to a finance bill.

The amendment came closest to overcoming a discharge petition on January 10, 1938, when it was defeated in the House by a vote of 209 to 188, far short of the two-thirds vote required.

On an October 10, 2007, episode of The Daily Show, Lynne Cheney stated her opposition to a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage.

* Joint Chiefs of Staff Directive 1067 JCS 1067 / 6 of 28 April 1945 ( The final version, JCS 1067 / 8 of 10 May 1945, contained an amendment allowing the production of synthetic rubber and oil, aluminum, and magnesium to meet the needs of the occupying forces, where the previous version had ordered the complete destruction of such industries.

The constitutional amendment of 1982 was agreed to by representatives from 9 of the 10 provinces ( with René Lévesque abstaining ).

As a result, if an award is to be made, and I believe it should be, it is necessary to amend the existing statute that is currently being processed through the Department .” Rep. Jim Slattery, who drafted the House version of the 1989 amendment to 10 USC § 1128, explained to the House Committee on Armed Services that the amendment was intended to remedy “ a quirk in the law ” that required active armed conflict against an enemy state.

Pueblo was attacked .” According to Sen. Alan Cranston, who drafted the Senate version of the 1989 amendment to 10 USC § 1128, “ The Department of Defense has interpreted that provision Law 99-145, which is codified at section 1128 of title 10, as not permitting the award of POW Medal to individuals who were taken and held as prisoner in situations other than the classical prisoner-of-war situation during armed conflict.

This clarification is intended to cover the individuals taken prisoner as a result of the USS Pueblo seizure, as well as any similar occurrence that the Service Secretary concerned deems comparable to the circumstances under which persons have generally been held captive by enemy armed forces during a war or conflict .” This amendment to the POW Medal statute now appears at 10 USC § 1128 ( a )( 4 ).

The proposed amendment was intended to expand upon Article I, Section 9 and Section 10 of the Constitution, which prohibits the states and the federal government from issuing titles of nobility or honor.

He voted with REP on an amendment to the Energy Policy Act of 2005 proposed by Senator Jeff Bingaman to require at least 10 % of electricity sold by utilities to originate from renewable resources.

On June 30, 2010, Obey proposed an amendment to a supplemental war spending bill that would allocate $ 10 billion to prevent expected teacher layoffs from school districts nationwide.

The amendment also allowed for subsequent referendums which could not be held until at least two years had passed since the previous referendum and only if a petition was signed by 10 % of the student populace.

* Constitution ( Amendment No. 10 ) Act ( 12 July 1928 ): This amendment removed a number of provisions for direct democracy from the constitution such as the right of the Senate to force a referendum on certain bills.

The Connally amendment says that the United States, rather than the court, shall determine whether a matter is essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of the United States in a case before the World Court to which the United States is a party.

Since the Connally amendment has the effect of giving the same right to the other party to a dispute with the United States, it also prevents us from using the court effectively.

What better affirmative step could be taken to this end than repeal of the Connally amendment -- an act which could expose the United States to no practical risk yet would put an end to our self-judging attitude toward the court, enable us to utilize it, and advance in a tangible way the cause of international law and order??

Or must it become law by amendment of the United States Constitution??

The United States House Committee on Education and Labor states that the amendment " makes it absolutely clear that the ADA is intended to provide broad coverage to protect anyone who faces discrimination on the basis of disability ".

First: it " mandates that whoever is the sovereign of the United Kingdom is also, by virtue of this external fact, sovereign of Australia "; accordingly, changes to British succession laws would have no effect on Australian law, but if the British amendment changed the sovereign, then the new sovereign of the United Kingdom would automatically become the new sovereign of Australia.

Or, third, it incorporates the United Kingdom rules of succession into the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution Act, which itself can now be altered only by Australia, according to the Australia Act 1986 ; in that way, the British rules of succession have been patriated to Australia and, with regard to Australia, are subject to amendment or repeal solely by Australian law.

* 1933 – Prohibition in the United States ends: Utah becomes the 36th U. S. state to ratify the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution, thus establishing the required 75 % of states needed to enact the amendment ( this overturned the 18th Amendment which had made the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcohol illegal in the United States ).

These included the 13th amendment, banning slavery, the 14th amendment, assuring full citizenship and civil rights to all people born in the United States, and the 15th amendment, guaranteeing African Americans the right to vote.

" In Joseph Story's 1833 treatise Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, he wrote, " t is a most important and valuable amendment ; and places upon the high ground of constitutional right the inestimable privilege of a trial by jury in civil cases, a privilege scarcely inferior to that in criminal cases, which is conceded by all to be essential to political and civil liberty.

* 1988 – Section 28 of the United Kingdom's Local Government Act 1988, a controversial amendment stating that a local authority cannot intentionally promote homosexuality, is enacted.

* 1992 – Michigan ratifies a 203-year-old proposed amendment to the United States Constitution making the 27th Amendment law.

* 2003 – In the United Kingdom, the Local Government Act 2003, repealing controversial anti-gay amendment Section 28, becomes effective.

He supported popular election of United States Senators, and the constitutional amendment to allow it was ratified by the Indiana General Assembly during his term.

In Joseph Story's 1833 treatise Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States, he wrote, " t is a most important and valuable amendment ; and places upon the high ground of constitutional right the inestimable privilege of a trial by jury in civil cases, a privilege scarcely inferior to that in criminal cases, which is conceded by all to be essential to political and civil liberty.

In his opinion Nelson quoted Justice Joseph Story to explain the modes to reexamine facts tried by juries according to Common Law: “ Mr. Justice Story referring to this part of the amendment, observed that it was ' a prohibition to the courts of the United States to re-examine any facts tried by a jury in any other manner according to Common Law.

While the amount mentioned in the amendment ($ 20 ) has not been indexed or adjusted for inflation, Congress has never extended federal diversity jurisdiction to amounts that small, and the amendment is one of the few portions of the Bill of Rights never to have been incorporated by the Supreme Court of the United States.