The druids, the Celtic priestly caste who were believed to originate in Britain, were outlawed by Claudius, and in 61 they vainly defended their sacred groves from destruction by the Romans on the island of Mona ( Anglesey ).

Paul wrote that Jesus was " born of a woman, born under the law " and " as to his human nature was a descendant of David " in the Epistle to the Galatians and the Epistle to the Romans.

Badalona was founded by the Romans in the 3rd century BC, with the name of Baetulo, although human settlements in the area existed from 3500-2500 BC.

The Romans practised various forms of human sacrifice ; from Etruscans ( or, according to other sources, Sabellians ), they adopted the original form of gladiatorial combat where the victim was slain in a ritual battle.

The dissection of human remains for medical reasons continued to be practiced irregularly after the Romans, for instance by the Arab physicians Avenzoar and Ibn al-Nafis, but the modern autopsy process derives from the anatomists of the Renaissance.

Before the Romans the Kettering area, like much of Northamptonshire ’ s prehistoric countryside, appears to have remained somewhat intractable with regards to early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods.

The Romans cut down the sacred groves in which human sacrifices had been made.

From other remains found in the county there would seem to have been human presence at least periodically until the Romans arrived and found a thriving lead industry.

Rottweil was founded by the Romans in AD 73 as Arae Flaviae and became a municipium, but there are traces of human settlement going back to 2000 BC.

There is evidence of human habitation in the area dating back over 2, 000 years, and the Romans are known to have established a camp in the southeast corner of the town.

As a human settlement, Dartford became established as a river crossing-point with the coming of the Romans ; and as a focal point between two routes-that from west to east being part of the main route connecting London with the Continent ; and the southerly route following the Darent valley.

Paul states in Romans 8: 3 that Christ came in the homoioma of human flesh.

Although Aviano has been inhabited only since the 10th century AD, evidence of a human presence dates to before the Romans entered the area in 186 BC.

The Hereford Mappa Mundi is a mappa mundi, of a form deriving from the T and O pattern, The spherical shape of the Earth was already known to the ancient Greeks and Romans and the idea was never entirely forgotten even in the Middle Ages, and thus the circular representation may well be considered a conventional attempt at a projection: in spite of the acceptance of a spherical Earth, only the known parts of the Northern Hemisphere were believed to be inhabitable by human beings ( see antipodes ), so that the circular representation remained adequate.

In 1962, The Watchtower altered its doctrine on the meaning of the phrase " superior authorities " at Romans 13: 1, identifying them as human governmental authorities rather than God and Jesus Christ as formerly thought.

Druids were alleged to practice human sacrifice, a practice abhorrent to the Romans.

* Echidna — The leader of the Titans, she was originally a human from Egypt made immortal when the Romans seemingly killed her son.

More significant still is the change in the use of sacrificial language: for Paul the Eucharist is a receiving of gifts from God, the Christian sacrifice is the offering of our bodies ( Romans 12 ).< Barrett, C. K.

" was conceited, not only about his own learning but also about the opinions held of him as commander both by the Galileans and by the Romans ; he was guilty of shocking duplicity at Jotapata, saving himself by sacrifice of his companions ; he was too naive to see how he stood condemned out of his own mouth for his conduct, and yet no words were too harsh when he was blackening his opponents ; and after landing, however involuntarily, in the Roman camp, he turned his captivity to his own advantage, and benefitted for the rest of his days from his change of side.

Animal sacrifice has turned up in almost all cultures, from the Hebrews to the Greeks and Romans ( particularly the purifying ceremony Lustratio ), Ancient Egyptians ( for example in the cult of Apis ) and from the Aztecs to the Yoruba.

The prayer is uttered by Decius Mus ( consul 340 BC ) during the Samnite Wars as part of his vow ( devotio ) to offer himself as a sacrifice to the infernal gods when a battle between the Romans and the Latins has become desperate.

Animal sacrifice has turned up in almost all cultures, including most famously the Hebrews, Greeks, Romans, and Aztecs.

The better preserved scene depicts the sacrifice of a pig ( the standard sacrifice when Romans made a peace treaty ) by an old priest and two attendants.

Through the power of the Holy Spirit, believers offer their whole being and labor as a ' living sacrifice '; and cleanliness becomes a way of life ( See Romans 12: 1, and John 13: 5-10 ( the Washing of the Feet )).

Among evangelical Christians, there is debate about how much of this passage can be applicable today since the Levitical priesthood and animal sacrifice ended in AD 70, with the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans.

" Accordingly, just as the Greeks sacrifice a bitch to Hecatê, even so do the Romans offer the same sacrifice to Geneta on behalf of the members of their household.

Her association for Romans of the first century BCE with Artemis was so thorough that Lucretius identifies the altar of the goddess at the sacrifice of Iphianassa ( Iphigeneia ) in Aulis as Triviai virginis aram.

The story about Mount Sapo explains that upon its slopes, ancient Romans used to sacrifice animals as burnt offerings.

" Augustine picks up a Bible and reads the passage it opens to, Romans 13: 13-14.

In 148 BC, in what the Romans called the Fourth Macedonian War, he was defeated by the Roman praetor Q. Caecilius Metellus ( 148 ) at the Second Battle of Pydna, and fled to Thrace, whose prince gave him up to Rome, thus marking the final end to Andriskos ' reign of Macedonia.

However neither the Romans nor the Goths put up much resistance to the Arab conquest of Medina Laqant in the 8th century.

Although he was aware that the Bastarnae were hardly likely to achieve the same success as Hannibal some 40 years earlier, and would most likely end up cut to pieces by the Romans, Philip hoped that the Romans would be distracted long enough to allow him to reoccupy his former possessions in Greece.

The Egyptians, Persians and other civilizations mostly used columns for the practical purpose of holding up the roof inside a building, preferring outside walls to be decorated with reliefs or painting, but the Ancient Greeks, followed by the Romans, loved to use them on the outside as well, and the extensive use of columns on the interior and exterior of buildings is one of the most characteristic features of classical architecture, in buildings like the Parthenon.

The Romans, meanwhile, had sent a new fleet to pick up the survivors of its African expedition.

He also explains how brutal and unscrupulous these Romans must have been: " They were conquerors, and for that you want only brute force "-After some silence, Marlow abruptly starts up again saying, in a hesitating voice, " I suppose you fellows remember I did once turn fresh-water sailor for a bit.

What is now France made up the bulk of the region known to the Romans as Gaul.

A few days later, however, near the Aeduan oppidum Bibracte, Caesar caught up with the Helvetii and faced them in a major battle, which ended in the Helvetii ’ s retreat and the capture of most of their baggage by the Romans.

Brutus " urged them to act as men and Romans and take up arms against their insolent foes.

Classical philology is historically primary, originating in Pergamum and Alexandria around the 4th century B. C., continued by Greeks and Romans throughout the Roman and Byzantine Empires, and eventually taken up by European scholars of the Renaissance, where it was soon joined by philologies of other languages both European ( Germanic, Celtic, Slavistics, etc.

Because the ludi were religious in nature, it was appropriate for the Romans to set up this temporary stage close to the temple of the deity being celebrated.

In Europe, they possibly first sprang up when the Romans built a system of roads two millennia ago.

* As Montesquieu wrote, " t should be noted that the main reason for the Romans becoming masters of the world was that, having fought successively against all peoples, they always gave up their own practices as soon as they found better ones.

The Romans identified Samhain with their own feast of the dead, the Lemuria, which was observed in the days leading up to May 13.

Wealthy Romans had garden-parks or " horti " on the banks of the river in Rome up through the first century BC.

* Winter – Titus sets up camp at Jericho and the Romans cut off escape routes toward Jerusalem.

The Romans invented the seaside villa: a vignette in a frescoed wall at the house of Lucretius Fronto in Pompeii still shows a row of seafront pleasure houses, all with porticos along the front, some rising up in porticoed tiers to an altana at the top that would catch a breeze on the most stifling evenings ( Veyne 1987 ill. p 152 )

The Romans managed to set up a fortified night camp, and the next morning broke out into the open country north of the Wiehen Hills, near the modern town of Ostercappeln.

The Helvetii are defeated by the Romans, and end up back in Helvetia, their numbers greatly reduced.

At the Battle of the Caudine Forks they were kept penned in without supplies, especially water, until the Senate bought their release in exchange for a half-year treaty the Romans considered humiliating, by which they provided hostages and gave up the colonies.

Hippolytus ( AD 170 – 236 ), considered to have been one of the most learned Christian historians, puts names to the seventy disciples whom Jesus sent forth in Luke 10, includes Aristobulus of Romans 16: 10 with Joseph, and states that he ended up becoming a pastor in Britain.

Viking and other barbarian attacks further led rich Romans to build up their latifundia, or large estates, in a way that would protect their families and create a self-sufficient living place.

After victory in battle, the Romans used to set up a trophy pole called a tropaeum ( from the Greek tropaion, source of English " trophy ").