It was one of the most important ports in the Middle East at the time as it controlled seaway trading routes through the Persian Gulf to India and East Africa.

The seaway was receding as the climate cooled and sea levels subsided towards the end of the Cretaceous, exposing land that had previously been underwater.

Proposals to expand the seaway, dating from as early as the 1960s, have been rejected as too costly, and environmentally and economically unsound.

The old name of the seaway east of Hinnøya ( now called Tjeldsundet ) might have been Austráll ( meaning " the eastern sound / strait ").

The location was favorable because there is a short portage of less than 15 km to the Treene River, which flows into the Eider with its North Sea estuary, making it a convenient place where goods and ships could be ported overland for an almost uninterrupted seaway between the Baltic and the North Sea and avoid a dangerous circumnavigation of Jutland.

In geography a sound or seaway is a large sea or ocean inlet larger than a bay, deeper than a bight, and wider than a fjord ; or it may be defined as a narrow sea or ocean channel between two bodies of land ( see also strait ).

In 1967, a new proposal was launched, in which a seaway tunnel would be blasted out in the rock on the Bergen side.

In Russia the idea of a possible seaway connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific was first put forward by the diplomat Gerasimov in 1525.

Fearing English and Dutch penetration into Siberia, Russia closed the Mangazeya seaway in 1619.

It was not a smooth process, however, and the seaway would periodically rise to cover parts of the region throughout Horseshoe Canyon times before finally receding altogether in the years after.

The site lay astride the land route from Europe to Asia and the seaway from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean, and had in the Golden Horn an excellent and spacious harbour.

The shape is chosen to strike a balance between cost, hydrostatic considerations ( accommodation, load carrying and stability ), hydrodynamics ( speed, power requirements, and motion and behavior in a seaway ) and special considerations for the ship's role, such as the rounded bow of an icebreaker or the flat bottom of a landing craft.

* The stable platform of a multihull makes seasickness less likely, reduces the fatigue of ' walking on walls ' and increases safety due to stability in a seaway.

In the following decades the idea of a power project became inseparable from the seaway-in fact, the various governments involved believed that the deeper water created by the hydro project were necessary to make the seaway channels feasible.

Proposals for the seaway were met with resistance from railway and port lobbyists in the United States.

However, the Truman and Eisenhower administrations considered it a national security threat for Canada to alone control the deep waterway, and used various means-such as delaying and stalling the Federal Power Commission license for the power aspect-until Congress in early 1954 approved an American seaway role via the Wiley-Dondero act.

The seaway opened in 1959 and cost C $ 470 million, $ 336. 2 million of which was paid by the Canadian government.

The size of vessels that can traverse the seaway is limited by the size of locks.

The maximum allowed vessel size is slightly smaller: long, wide, and deep ; many vessels designed for use on the Great Lakes following the opening of the seaway were built to the maximum size permissible by the locks, known informally as Seawaymax or Seaway-Max.

A vessel's draft is another obstacle to passage on the seaway, particularly in connecting waterways such as the St. Lawrence River.

The depth in the channels of the seaway is ( Panamax-depth ) downstream of Quebec City, between Quebec City and Deschaillons, to Montreal, and upstream of Montreal.

Channel depths and limited lock sizes mean that only 10 % of ocean-going ships can traverse the entire seaway.

While the seaway is currently ( 2010 ) mostly used for shipping bulk cargo, the possibility of its use for large-scale container shipping is under consideration as well.

The creation of the seaway also led to the introduction of invasive species of aquatic animals, most notably the zebra mussel into the Great Lakes Basin.

The seaway provides significant entertainment and recreation such as boating, camping, fishing, and scuba diving.

The seaway and the lock were shut down to help contain the spill.

While the seaway diverted water traffic from nearby Buffalo and led to the demise of its steel and grain mills, other industries in the Niagara River valley flourished with the help of the electric power produced by the river.

The Elco was considered acceptable for future construction provided changes were made to reduce pounding in a seaway, and also strengthen the structure in a manner acceptable to the Bureau of Ships.

Angola has an embassy in Moscow and an honorary consulate in Saint Petersburg.

Following various business failures, Nobel's father moved to Saint Petersburg in 1837 and grew successful there as a manufacturer of machine tools and explosives.

* 1875 – The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.

* 1845 – The Russian Geographical Society is founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

* 1768 – Saint Isaac's Cathedral is founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

As a result of the Treaty of Saint Petersburg ( 1875 ), the Kuril Islands were handed over to Japan, along with its Ainu subjects.

Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov was born on 10 March 1845 in Saint Petersburg, Russia, the second son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and his wife Maria Alexandrovna ( Marie of Hesse ).

when I become sovereign I shall live in Moscow and leave Saint Petersburg

On 26 June, Alexei died in the Petropavlovskaya fortress in Saint Petersburg, two days after the senate had condemned him to death for conspiring rebellion against his father, and for hoping for the cooperation of the common people and the armed intervention of his brother-in-law, the emperor.

* 1912 – Pravda, the " voice " of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg.

No. 976 ; Günzburg Libr., Saint Petersburg ; Parma ; Ramsgate Montefiore College Library ( formerly Halberstam, No. 192 ); and Turin.

Electrothermal AAS ( ET AAS ) using graphite tube atomizers was pioneered by Boris V. L ’ vov at the Saint Petersburg Polytechnical Institute, Russia, since the late 1950s, and further investigated by Hans Massmann at the Institute of Spectrochemistry and Applied Spectroscopy ( ISAS ) in Dortmund, Germany.

Statue of Andrei Sakharov at Saint Petersburg State University.

During his time in the former Soviet Union he founded the Jewish University, both in Moscow and Saint Petersburg.

* Bloody Sunday ( 1905 ), a massacre in Saint Petersburg, Russia that led to the 1905 and 1917 Russian Revolutions

Other cities with extensive canal networks include: Alkmaar, Amersfoort, Bolsward, Brielle, Delft, Den Bosch, Dokkum, Dordrecht, Enkhuizen, Franeker, Gouda, Haarlem, Harlingen, Leeuwarden, Leiden, Sneek and Utrecht in the Netherlands ; Brugge and Gent in Flanders, Belgium ; Birmingham in England ; Saint Petersburg in Russia ; Hamburg and Berlin in Germany ; Fort Lauderdale and Cape Coral in Florida, United States.

The Wedding of Nicholas II and Grand duke | Grand Duchess Alexandra Fyodorovna ( Alix of Hesse ) | Alexandra Feodorovna, by Ilya Repin | Ilya Yefimovich Repin, 1894 ( Russian Museum | Russian State Museum, Saint Petersburg | St. Petersburg ).

From 1773 for two years Diderot spent some months at the empress's court in Saint Petersburg.

Diderot's travel from Paris to Saint Petersburg in 1773-1774.

Category: People from Saint Petersburg

Category: Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni

In 1916-1917 Vertov was studying medicine at the Psychoneurological Institute in Saint Petersburg and experimenting with " sound collages " in his free time.

Students in laboratory, Saint Petersburg State Polytechnical University.