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As the sophistication of biology and chemistry became more understood, the primary purpose for total synthesis changed, although some total synthesis continues to be a tool for biological verification, for example if a compound contains ambiguous stereochemistry or to create analogs (" chemical mutations ") to directly assess or improve the mechanism of biological activity.
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sophistication and biology
This epoch, which Kurzweil argues we are in the process of entering, is where technology reaches a level of sophistication and fine-structuring comparable with that of biology, allowing the two to merge to create higher forms of life and intelligence.
sophistication and chemistry
Today, total synthesis is often justified as a playground for the development of new chemical reactions and routes, and highlights the sophistication of modern synthetic organic chemistry.
sophistication and became
With its jazz sophistication, pop music and blues influence, plus improvised scats and wisecrack commentary by Wills, the band became the first superstars of the genre.
Numismatics as an academic discipline emerged in these centuries at the same time as coin collecting became a leisure pursuit of a growing middle class, eager to prove their wealth and sophistication.
In 1899, Scott Joplin's " Maple Leaf Rag " was published, which became a great hit and demonstrated more depth and sophistication than earlier ragtime.
Following these reports, the Chinese emperor Wu Di was informed of the level of sophistication of the urban civilizations of Ferghana, Bactria and Parthia, and became interested in developing commercial relationship with them:
The PC CPUs of the time had limitations in memory capacity and memory access protection, making them unsuitable to run OSes of this sophistication, but this, too, began to change in the late 1980s as PCs with the 32-bit 80386 with integrated paged MMUs became widely affordable.
As the sophistication of computer systems grew to the point where they could be placed on a single chip, LORAN-C suddenly became very simple to use, and quickly appeared in civilian systems intended for use on boats starting in the 1980s.
With her sophistication and beauty, Florence La Badie soon became Thanhouser Film ’ s most prominent actress, appearing in dozens of films over the next two years.
Decoration became increasingly ornate as the style developed in Northern Europe, whereas in Italy the increased sophistication of figure painting was absorbed into Early Renaissance painting.
However, it was not until the 1930s that musicians became comfortable with the harmonic and melodic sophistication of Broadway tunes and started including them regularly in their repertoire.
As residential use of electricity became more common in the early 20th century, electric trains gained popularity and as time went on, these electric trains grew in sophistication, gaining lighting, the ability to change direction, to emit a whistling sound, to smoke, to remotely couple and uncouple cars and even load and unload cargo.
Following these reports, the Chinese emperor Wu Di was informed of the level of sophistication of the urban civilizations of Ferghana, Bactria and Parthia, and became interested in developing commercial relationship with them:
With continuing sophistication of mechanical development, fully synchromesh transmissions with three speeds, then four, and then five, became universal by the 1980s.
Developments in notation allowed notes to be written with greater independence of rhythm, shunning the limitations of the rhythmic modes which prevailed in the thirteenth century ; secular music acquired much of the polyphonic sophistication previously found only in sacred music ; and new techniques and forms, such as isorhythm and the isorhythmic motet, became prevalent.
As financial intermediation grew in complexity and sophistication in the 1980s and 1990s, it became more so.
Upon his return, Zhang Qian informed the Chinese emperor Han Wudi of the level of sophistication of the urban civilizations of Ferghana, Bactria and Parthia, who became interested in developing commercial relationship them:
As the sophistication of the kits improved, components such as autopilots and more advanced navigation instruments became common.
Cocktail shakers became de rigueur symbols of sophistication and symbols of the good life.
He became a man of great prominence in New York society, for his wealth, sophistication, extensive travel and good taste, and was good friends with most of the political, artistic and scientific leaders of his day.
Following these reports, the Chinese emperor Wudi was informed of the level of sophistication of the urban civilizations of Ferghana, Bactria and Parthia, and became interested in developing commercial relationships with them:
After the demise of the Carolingian Empire, France split into a number of feuding provinces, so that lacking any organized Imperial patronage, French art of the 10th and 11th centuries became localised around the large monasteries, and lacked the sophistication of a court-directed style.
Cassini brought American design to the world stage as the First Lady ’ s identity became synonymous with sophistication and taste.
As random number sets became more and more common, more tests, of increasing sophistication were used.
sophistication and more
With the increasing sophistication of computer graphics since the 1970s, it has become a more distinct subject.
The sophistication of the access control mechanisms should be in parity with the value of the information being protected – the more sensitive or valuable the information the stronger the control mechanisms need to be.
The principle most likely finds its origins in similar concepts, such as Occam's razor, Leonardo da Vinci's " Simplicity is the ultimate sophistication ", Mies Van Der Rohe's " Less is more ", or Antoine de Saint Exupéry's " It seems that perfection is reached not when there is nothing left to add, but when there is nothing left to take away ".
Modern hypertext systems with word and phrase-level linking offer more sophistication in connecting relevant information, but until the rise of wiki and other social software models, modern hypertext systems have rarely imitated Bush in providing individuals with the ability to create personal trails and share them with colleagues-or publish them widely.
The characteristic female figurines appear from Period IV and the finds show more intricate designs and sophistication.
Assuming Chavez was approximately 10 years old in 1979, that places the events of Debt of Honor to be in or near 2000, although the overall technology presented in the novel and its successive novels Executive Orders and Rainbow Six ( especially in regards to the sophistication of internet technology ) are more consistent with the mid-1990's.
Window managers range in sophistication and complexity from the bare-bones ( e. g., twm, the basic window manager supplied with X, or evilwm, an extremely light window manager ) to the more comprehensive desktop environments such as Enlightenment and even to application-specific window managers for vertical markets such as point of sale.
Second, the French or pseudo-French term lent an air of sophistication, and perhaps made the institution seem more consistent with the Progressive Era's interests in education and self-betterment.
Recent investigations by the European Commission have shown that the level of sophistication in the counterfeits is increasing, making prompt detection even more difficult.
This story portrays the confused courtship of the title character, a free-spirited American girl, by Winterbourne, a compatriot of hers with much more sophistication.
The manufacturing of teen idols has been marketed more aggressively and with greater sophistication since the 1980s.
Film critic Roger Ebert has said, " To appreciate a film like Written on the Wind probably takes more sophistication than to understand one of Ingmar Bergman's masterpieces, because Bergman's themes are visible and underlined, while with Sirk the style conceals the message.
So at this level of sophistication, it is not difficult to gain acceptance of a more refined idea of causation.
When a text has been improved by the scribe, it is said to be sophisticated, but " sophistication " impairs the method by obscuring a document's relationship to other witnesses, and making it more difficult to place the manuscript correctly in the stemma.
While time value of money can be understood without using the framework of differential equations, the added sophistication sheds additional light on time value, and provides a simple introduction before considering more complicated and less familiar situations.
As software developed in sophistication it was used to produce more complicated effects.
Hart's lyrics showed greater sophistication in subject matter, more use of overt verbal cleverness, and more of a " New York " or " Broadway " sensibility.
It was initially a style of courtly sophistication, but somewhat more robust versions spread to art commissioned by the emerging mercantile classes and the smaller nobility.
To maintain a sound perspective of the matter though, one must remember that coevolution might reasonably be expected to develop to even higher degrees of sophistication in the more intimate classes of parasitic relationships.
In the hands of his successor, Ignacio Cervantes ( 1847 – 1905 ), the danza ( as it was more typically called in the latter 1800s ), achieved even greater sophistication as a piano idiom.
Such instruments were produced continuously, albeit with more sophistication, up to the medieaval period.
Although both Air India and Qantas commenced operating Boeing 707s in the mid to late 50s from Perth to Singapore and the sub continent the aircraft of the day grew faster and more demanding due to their sophistication, facilities at the airport continued to improve to accommodate them.
Other local traditions in Armenia, Syria, Georgia and elsewhere showed generally less sophistication, but often more vigour than the art of Constantinople, and sometimes, especially in architecture, seem to have had influence even in Western Europe.
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