Modern use of AAC began in the 1950s with systems for users who had lost the use of speech following surgical procedures.

Modern weather systems also include wind shear and turbulence detection and terrain and traffic warning systems.

Modern coastal artillery ( for example, Russia's " Bereg " system ) is often self propelled, ( allowing it to avoid counter-battery fire ) and fully integrated, meaning that each battery has all of the support systems that it requires ( maintenance, targeting radar, etc.

Modern Class AB amplifiers commonly have peak efficiencies between 30 – 55 % in audio systems and 50-70 % in radio frequency systems with a theoretical maximum of 78. 5 %.

Modern imaging systems like PostScript, Asymptote, Metafont, and SVG use Bézier splines composed of cubic Bézier curves for drawing curved shapes.

Modern concrete wall systems use both external insulation and thermal mass to create an energy-efficient building.

Modern systems, such as Sogou Pinyin and Google Pinyin, predict the desired characters based on context and user preferences.

Modern flash chromatography systems are sold as pre-packed plastic cartridges, and the solvent is pumped through the cartridge.

Modern guidance systems permit precise attacks.

Modern operating systems have complex systems to properly manage memory.

Modern day control engineering ( also called control systems engineering ) is a relatively new field of study that gained a significant attention during 20th century with the advancement in technology.

Modern cartography is closely integrated with geographic information science ( GIScience ) and constitutes many theoretical and practical foundations of geographic information systems.

Modern cable systems are large, with a single network and headend often serving an entire metropolitan area or county.

The fifth and sixth versions of Gamma World take the game's tendency of mimicking other games to its logical end, adopting the rules systems of other games wholesale: The fifth edition of the game uses the Alternity rules, while the sixth edition uses the d20 Modern rules.

Modern flight management systems have evolved sufficiently to allow a crew to plan a flight not only as to route and altitude, but to specific time of arrival at specific locations.

Modern mainframes can run multiple different instances of operating systems at the same time.

Modern Digital Command Control ( DCC ) systems use alternating current.

Modern systems are designed for users to submit messages to their local servers for policy, not technical, reasons.

Modern phonetics begins with attempts — such as those of Joshua Steele ( in Prosodia Rationalis, 1779 ) and Alexander Melville Bell ( in Visible Speech, 1867 ) — to introduce systems of precise notation for speech sounds.

Modern cleanrooms use automated, robotic wafer track systems to coordinate the process.

Modern psychiatric knowledge provides us with many keys to unlock the significance of behavior of the kind.

On the other hand, the bright vision of the future has been directly stated in science fiction concerned with projecting ideal societies -- science fiction, of course, is related, if sometimes distantly, to that utopian literature optimistic about science, literature whose period of greatest vigor in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries produced Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward and H. G. Wells's A Modern Utopia.

`` To give up these notions required a revolution in thought '', Mr. Clark said in reminiscing about the abrupt changes in ideas he experienced when he began reading `` Organic Gardening '' And `` Modern Nutrition '' in a search for help with his problems.

Modern music is available in several facets: raï music is a style typical of Western Algeria with his two fiefs are Oran and Sidi Bel Abbès.

Modern amphibians have fully ossified vertebrae with articular processes.

Modern definitions are concerned with the fundamental chemical reactions common to all acids.

Modern moorings may be anchored by sand screws which look and act very much like oversized screws drilled into the seabed, or by barbed metal beams pounded in ( or even driven in with explosives ) like pilings, or a variety of other non-mass means of getting a grip on the bottom.

* Modern Neopagans, especially Eco-Pagans, sometimes like to describe themselves as animists, meaning that they respect the diverse community of living beings and spirits with whom humans share the world / cosmos.

Modern critics are more likely to find fault with the narrow definition of the citizen body, but in the ancient world the complaint if anything went in the opposite direction.

Modern displays allow weather information to be integrated with moving maps, terrain, and traffic onto a single screen, greatly simplifying navigation.

Modern weapons include the Russian ZSU-23-4 Shilka and Tunguska-M1, South Korean K30 Biho and K263A1 radar-guided Vulcan, Chinese Type 95 SPAAA, Swedish CV9040 AAV, Polish PZA Loara, American M6 Bradley Linebacker and M1097 Humvee Avenger, Yugoslavian BOV-3, Canadian ADATS, aging German Gepard, Japanese Type 87 SPAAG and similar versions with the British Marksman turret ( which was also adapted for a number of other users ), Italian SIDAM 25 and Otomatic, and versions of the French AMX-13.

Woman with Her Throat Cut, 1932 ( cast 1949 ), Museum of Modern Art | Museum of Modern Art, New York City

Modern Jains deny this vehemently, especially with regard to Mahavira himself.

Modern advertising was created with the innovative techniques introduced with tobacco advertising in the 1920s, most significantly with the campaigns of Edward Bernays, which is often considered the founder of modern, Madison Avenue advertising.

Modern birds are characterised by feathers, a beak with no teeth, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a lightweight but strong skeleton.

Modern bicycle brakes may be: rim brakes, in which friction pads are compressed against the wheel rims ; internal hub brakes, in which the friction pads are contained within the wheel hubs ; or disc brakes, with a separate rotor for braking.

The historical development of the Bulgarian language can be described as a transition from a highly synthetic language ( Old Bulgarian ) to a typical analytic language ( Modern Bulgarian ) with Middle Bulgarian as a midpoint in this transition.

Several Cyrillic alphabets with 28 to 44 letters were used in the beginning and the middle of the 19th century during the efforts on the codification of Modern Bulgarian until an alphabet with 32 letters, proposed by Marin Drinov, gained prominence in the 1870s.

Modern cymbals consist of several types of bronze, the most common being B20 bronze, which is roughly 20 % tin, 80 % copper, with traces of silver.

In Devonshire a local word for a cist in Modern Cornish is kistvaen.

Even in Modern Tamil, the word for temple is ' க ோ ய ி ல ்', meaning " king's house ".

For instance, the second word of the Arabic name of the festival, has the root F-Ṣ-Ḥ, which given the sound laws applicable to Arabic is cognate to Hebrew P-S-Ḥ, with " Ḥ " realized as in Modern Hebrew and in Arabic.

Modern use in football comes from the earlier sport of rugby, where the word was used in the 19th century.

The Modern English word " fox " is Old English, and comes from the Proto-Germanic word fukh – compare German Fuchs, Gothic fauho, Old Norse foa and Dutch vos.

The personal pronouns of Modern English retain morphological case more strongly than any other word class ( a remnant of the more extensive case system of Old English ).

* The default word order in Biblical Hebrew is VSO, while Modern Hebrew is SVO.

The word Kallisti ( Modern Greek ) written on a golden apple, has become a principal symbol of Discordianism, a post-modernist religion.

Modern historians explain the etymology of the word with Letze, meaning fortification which might have referred to either the remains of a Roman watchtower or to a primitive refuge of the early Middle Ages.

Modern Greek still uses the word " myriad " by itself, but also to form the word for million.

In Modern Catalan, as in modern Spanish, sí is usually used as a response, although the language retains the word oi, akin to òc, which is sometimes used at the end of yes-no questions and in higher register also as a positive response.

The word has also spread to Turkish as pide, and Bulgarian, Croatian and Serbian as pita, Albanian as pite and Modern Hebrew pittāh.

The Modern Irish word Samhain is derived from the Old Irish samain, samuin, or samfuin, all referring to 1 November ( latha na samna: ' samhain day '), and the festival and royal assembly held on that date in medieval Ireland ( oenaig na samna: ' samhain assembly ').

The English word true is from Old English ( West Saxon ) ( ge ) tríewe, tréowe, cognate to Old Saxon ( gi ) trûui, Old High German ( ga ) triuwu ( Modern German treu " faithful "), Old Norse tryggr, Gothic triggws, all from a Proto-Germanic * trewwj-" having good faith ".

Modern uses of the word " theory " are derived from the original definition, but have taken on new shades of meaning, still based on the idea that a theory is a thoughtful and rational explanation of the general nature of things.

The word tor ( Cornish tor, Old Welsh twrr, Modern Welsh tŵr, Scots Gaelic tòrr ), meaning hill, is notable for being one of the very few Celtic loanwords to be borrowed into vernacular English before the modern era – such borrowings are mainly words of a geographic or topographical nature.

The word Viking was introduced into Modern English during the 18th-century Viking revival, at which point it acquired romanticised heroic overtones of " barbarian warrior " or noble savage.

But as the word entered the Southern German dialects via Saxony and Westphalia, the word's meaning in Early Modern German became attached to the activities of these courts specifically.

The word " sabbat " itself comes from the witches ' sabbath or sabbat attested to in Early Modern witch trials.

So, the later-imported term became a synonym for the native English word scir () or, in Modern English, shire

In A Dictionary of Modern English Usage ( 1926 ), H. W. Fowler states that applying the word nigger to " others than full or partial negroes " is " felt as an insult by the person described, & betrays in the speaker, if not deliberate insolence, at least a very arrogant inhumanity "; but the second edition ( 1965 ) states: " N. has been described as ' the term that carries with it all the obloquy and contempt and rejection which whites have inflicted on blacks.

It appears in Modern French in the word genre ( type, kind, also genre sexuel ) and is related to the Greek root gen-( to produce ), appearing in gene, genesis, and oxygen.