The printed edition ( Presburg, 1838 ), prepared by M. L. Bislichis, contains: ( 1 ) Preface ; ( 2 ) a treatise of eighteen chapters on the incorporeality of God ; ( 3 ) correspondence ; ( 4 ) a treatise, called Sefer ha-Yarḥi, included also in letter 58 ; ( 5 ) a defense of The Guide and its author by Shem-Tob Palquera ( Grätz, Gesch.

As the three cardinal doctrines of Judaism, Abba Mari accentuates: ( 1 ) That of the recognition of God's existence and of His absolute sovereignty, eternity, unity, and incorporeality, as taught in revelation, especially in the Decalogue ; ( 2 ) that of the world's creation by Him out of nothing, as evidenced particularly by the Sabbath ; ( 3 ) that of the special providence of God, as manifested in the Biblical miracles.

But this proof of the existence of God leaves still open two important questions relating to the truth of our knowledge of God: one concerning the incorporeality, and the other respecting the unity of God.

* Sha ' are ha-Sod ha-Yiḥud weha-Emunah, a treatise on the unity and incorporeality of God, combating the anthropomorphism of the Haggadah ( published by Adolf Jellinek in the Kokabe Yiẓḥaḳ collection.

Adopting this Neoplatonic idea of God as the one who can only be felt by the longing soul, but not grasped by the reason, Bahya finds it superfluous to prove the incorporeality of God.

His emphasis upon the absolute incorporeality of God only finds its true light when the Christian doctrine of the incarnation is borne in mind.

This was done by close textual analysis of the word in the Tanach in order to present what Maimonides saw as the proof that according to the Tanach, God is completely incorporeal: " Rambam set up the incorporeality of God as a dogma, and placed any person who denied this doctrine upon a level with an idolater ; he devoted much of the first part of the " Moreh Nevukhim " to the interpretation of the Biblical anthropomorphisms, endeavoring to define the meaning of each and to identify it with some transcendental metaphysical expression.

The book ends ( Chapters 73 – 76 ) with Maimonides ' protracted exposition and criticism of a number of principles and methods identified with the schools of Jewish Kalam and Islamic Kalam, including the argument for creation ex nihilo and the unity and incorporeality of God.

Likewise, some ( most famously Rabbi Abraham ben David, known as the RaBad ) objected to Maimonides ' raising the notion of the incorporeality of God as a dogma, claiming that great and wise men of previous generations held a different view.

The incorporeality or spirituality of God refers to him being a spirit.

The literal message of the work was repulsive to those who maintained God's incorporeality ; Maimonides ( d. 1204 ) wrote that the book should be erased and all mention of its existence deleted.

Hence too he was for proving the incorporeality of the soul by the fact that it is not nourished as the body is.

This belief follows the theology of St. Paul: For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith — and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God, not by works, so that no one can boast.

The agrarian is blessed in that he follows the example of God in creating order out of chaos.

Today, Methodism follows this ancient Alexandrian practice as bishops are elected from and by the order of the presbyterate: the Discipline of the Methodist Church, in ¶ 303, affirms that " ordination to this ministry is a gift from God to the Church.

In the preface, Abba Mari explains his object in collecting the correspondence ; and in the treatise which follows he shows that the study of philosophy, useful in itself as a help toward the acquisition of the knowledge of God, requires great caution, lest we be misled by the Aristotelian philosophy or its false interpretation, as regards the principles of creation ex nihilo and divine individual providence.

One who serves God out of love studies the Torah and practices the precepts and walks in the way of wisdom for no ulterior motive at all, neither out of fear of evil nor in order to acquire the good, but follows the truth because it is true and the good will follow the merit of attaining to it.

Rather, evil spirits described in various faiths ' traditions, such as Satan, fallen angels, demons, and jinns, are metaphors for the base character traits a human being may acquire and manifest when he turns away from God and follows his lower nature.

They also point out that in, Paul says that God will reward those who follow the law and then goes on to say that no one follows the law perfectly ( see also Sermon on the Mount: Interpretation )

This beautifully lyrical sloka from the Atharvaveda clearly states that the woman leads and the man follows: " The Sun God follows the first illuminated and enlightened goddess Usha ( dawn ) in the same manner as men emulate and follow women.

St. Anselm's ontological argument, in its most succinct form, is as follows: " God, by definition, is that for which no greater can be conceived.

Elsewhere in the Qur ' an, Isaac is mentioned in lists: Joseph follows the religion of his forefathers Abraham, Isaac and Jacob ( XII: 38 ) and speaks of God's favor to them ( XII: 6 ); Jacob's sons all testify their faith and promise to worship the God that their forefathers, " Abraham, Ishmael and Isaac ", worshiped ( II: 127 ); and the Qur ' an commands Muslims to believe in the revelations that were given to " Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob and the Patriarchs " ( II: 136 ; III: 84 ).

And He is called Angel and Apostle ; for He declares whatever we ought to know, and is sent forth to declare whatever is revealed ; as our Lord Himself says, “ He that heareth Me, heareth Him that sent Me .” From the writings of Moses also this will be manifest ; for thus it is written in them, “ And the Angel of God spoke to Moses, in a flame of fire out of the bush, and said, I am that I am, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, the God of Jacob, the God of thy fathers ; go down into Egypt, and bring forth My people .” And if you wish to learn what follows, you can do so from the same writings ; for it is impossible to relate the whole here.

There can be no confidence in a non-eternal and non-omniscient being, and hence it follows that according to the system which rejects God, the tradition of the Veda is simultaneously overthrown ; there is no other way open.

The Hebrew Bible, or Torah, states that God revealed the design for the menorah to Moses and describes the construction of the menorah as follows ():

As an evangelical church, it follows the Bible's teachings that God sanctified the seventh-day Sabbath, and the new moons in addition to it.

While mainstream Rabbinic Judaism is classically monotheistic and follows in the footsteps of the Aristotelian theologian Maimonides, the panentheistic conception of God can be found in certain Jewish mystical currents.

This not only denies the personhood of God-the-Son ( Jesus Christ ), but also distorts the spiritual transaction that was taking place at the Cross, which the Apostle Paul described as follows: " God Father was reconciling the world to himself in Christ Son, not counting people ’ s sins against them.

Since most theologians hold that God would not have created something sinful, it follows that souls are not created directly but are generated.

What follows is a typical definition of " God ," which, perhaps with some adjustments, would be acceptable to many within the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim faiths:

One might argue, then, as follows: if God can do anything, then he could create an actual square circle.

Full titulature Albert possessed went as follows: Albert, by the grace of God elected King of the Romans, always August, King of Hungary, Dalmatia, Croatia, Rama, Serbia, Galicia, Lodomeria, Cumania and Bulgaria, elected King of Bohemia, duke of Austria, Styria, Carinthia and Carniola, margrave of Moravia, Lord of the Wendish March and Port Naon, Count of Habsburg, Tyrol, Ferrete and Kyburg, etc.

Within the book, the statement of divine immanence verbalized between the main characters, " Thou Art God ", is logically derived from the concept inherent in the term grok.

Many philosophers accept that Plantinga successfully solves the logical problem of evil, as he appears to have shown that God and evil are logically compatible, though others demur.

The evidential version of the problem of evil ( also referred to as the probabilistic or inductive version ), seeks to show that the existence of evil, although logically consistent with the existence of God, counts against or lowers the probability of the truth of theism.

This task does not require the identification of a plausible explanation of evil, and is successful if the explanation provided shows that the existence of God and the existence of evil are logically compatible.

A world with free beings and no evil would be still better, however this would require the cooperation of free beings with God, as it is logically impossible for God to prevent abuses of freedom without thereby curtailing that freedom.

Kreeft says that being all-powerful doesn't mean being able to do what is logically contradictory, e. g., giving freedom with no potentiality for sin, c ) God's own suffering and death on the cross brought about his supreme triumph over the devil, d ) God uses suffering to bring about moral character, quoting apostle Paul in Romans 5, e ) Suffering can bring people closer to God, and f ) The ultimate " answer " to suffering is Jesus himself, who, more than any explanation, is our real need.

American philosopher Alvin Plantinga presented a version of the free will defence which argued that the coexistence of God and evil is not logically impossible, and that free will further explains the existence of evil without threatening the existence of God.

He argues that, if God's existence and the existence of evil are to be logically inconsistent, a premise must be provided which, if true, would make them inconsistent ; as none has been provided, the existence of God and evil must be consistent.

What they often say is that God can do whatever is logically possible.

In this caustic story, the Jew converts because he logically concludes that only a religion supported by God could prosper despite the corruption of its leadership.

Here Mavrodes ' worry about X = " to make something its maker cannot lift " will no longer be a problem because " God does X " is not logically consistent.

C. S. Lewis argues that when talking about omnipotence, referencing " a rock so heavy that God cannot lift it " is nonsense just as much as referencing " a square circle "; that it is not logically coherent in terms of power to think that omnipotence includes the power to do the logically impossible.

Referring to Gödel's incompleteness theory, he said: " If we cannot prove the consistency of arithmetic it seems a bit much to hope that God's existence is easier to deal with ," concluding that God is " ontologically necessary, but not logically necessary.

His main result is that God is infinite, and as such, incomprehensible ; that his attributes of goodness, knowledge and power are credited to him only by inference from their effects ; that this inference is logically valid and sufficient for human thought.

Christianity teaches this to be an attribute of God the Father ( logically God cannot sin, it would mean that he would act against his own will and nature ) and therefore also an attribute of Christ.

Adams does not propose that it would be logically impossible for God to command cruelty, rather that it would be unthinkable for him to do so because of his nature.

Even if God could logically command these actions, he would not because that is not his character.

Neither could God hold any virtues, as a virtue would be the disposition to follow his own commands – if he cannot logically command himself, then he cannot logically have any virtues.