Although constrained by land mass and topology, the amount of arable land, both regionally and globally, fluctuates due to human and climatic factors such as irrigation, deforestation, desertification, terracing, landfill, and urban sprawl.

In the past several decades, Ann Arbor has grappled with the effects of sharply rising land values, gentrification, and urban sprawl stretching into outlying countryside.

The built-up area has grown swiftly in recent years with urban sprawl.

Industrial agriculture, deforestation, roads, anthropogenic climate change and urban sprawl are amongst the most significant human activities in regards to their effect on stimulating erosion.

Anthropogenic factors that can affect forests include logging, urban sprawl, human-caused forest fires, acid rain, invasive species, and the slash and burn practices of swidden agriculture or shifting cultivation.

The popularity of SUVs, golf, and urban sprawl has been used as evidence that some ideas of freedom and ecological conservation can clash.

The airport was built at the southern edge of the city ; but with Khartoum's rapid growth and consequent urban sprawl, the airport is now located in the heart of the city.

Urban economics, which examines the challenges faced by cities, such as sprawl, air and water pollution, traffic congestion, and poverty, draws on the fields of urban geography and sociology.

During the last 20 years, the farming atmosphere has been eroded by hints of urban sprawl from the Jackson area, as well as a general decline in the viability of family farming.

In recent years the city has been experiencing growing pains as a result of its strong growth, mostly in the areas of urban sprawl and traffic congestion.

In Mexico's City Spanish the word " suburbio " is mainly used to denote the slums and urban sprawl in the outskirts of the city — mainly those found at the eastern / northeastern part of the city.

They are very similar to their US counterparts, and many cities are experiencing the urban sprawl effect.

Many large towns and villages within the county have merged with the city, due to urban sprawl, so they can be viewed as suburbs of Tirana.

Two discrete, sociological theories explain and justify gentrification as an economic process ( production-side theory ) and as a social process ( consumption-side theory ) that occurs when the suburban gentry tire of the automobile-dependent urban sprawl style of life ; thus, professionals, empty nest aged parents, and recent university graduates perceive the attractiveness of the city center — earlier abandoned during white flight — especially if the poor community possesses a transport hub and its architecture sustains the pedestrian traffic that allows the proper human relations impeded by ( sub ) urban sprawl.

Smart growth is an urban planning and transportation theory that concentrates growth in compact walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl.

* Preventing urban sprawl

Smart growth is an alternative to urban sprawl, traffic congestion, disconnected neighborhoods, and urban decay.

Creating such neighborhoods is a critical element of reducing urban sprawl and protecting the climate.

Whether smart growth ( or the ' Compact City ') does or can reduce problems of automobile dependency associated with urban sprawl have been fiercely contested issues over several decades.

Robert Bruegmann, professor of art history, architecture, and urban planning at the University of Illinois at Chicago and author of Sprawl: A Compact History, stated that historical attempts to combat urban sprawl have failed, and that the high population density of Los Angeles, currently the most dense urban area in the United States, " lies at the root of many of the woes experienced by L. A.

* 2000 Architecture magazine, Progressive Architecture citation: commended as a new form of urban space with great presence ... pushes the limits of invention and originality.

Overall, the region notably suffers from urban sprawl ; however, numerous efforts in recent years have been made to remedy this situation, especially as the urbanized area of the coastal counties pushes eastward in to agricultural land and the sensitive Everglades.

In the intra-Angolan political conflict preceding and immediately following independence, there apparently was some division between the northern Lunda-Chokwe, especially those with some urban experience, who tended to support the MPLA, and the rural Chokwe, particularly those farther south, who tended to support UNITA.

Results vary considerably among one other, but there is general agreement on a number of key correlations: a ) The wealthier and the larger the family is the more cars they own and the more they drive, b ) The farther away a family lives from the city centre and the fewer the jobs in the vicinity plus a slow bus service the more they drive and c ) Street patterns may add a 10 % length to local trips but the total VKTs are affected more by the " macro " urban than the " micro " neighbourhood structure.

Living in urban conditions, away from the deadweight of village constraint and the constrictions of a thatched-roof world view, the individual may find it possible, say, to commit adultery not only without personal misgivings, but also without suffering any adverse effects in his worldly fortunes.

Because CCD imagers are linear, image processing may be used to subtract away the effects of light pollution, which has increased the popularity of astrophotography in urban areas.

The Urban Land Institute ( ULI ) awarded the Battery Park City Master Plan its 2010 Heritage Award, for having " facilitated the private development of 9. 3 million square feet of commercial space, 7. 2 million square feet of residential space, and nearly 36 acres of open space in lower Manhattan, becoming a model for successful large-scale planning efforts and marking a positive shift away from the urban renewal mindset of the time.

The crusaders were neither totally integrated with the native population, nor did they segregate themselves in the cities away from the rural natives, but rather that they settled in both urban and rural areas ; specifically, they settled in areas that had traditionally been inhabited by the eastern Christians.

In Igbo villages, oracles were usually female priestesses to a particular deity, usually dwelling in a cave or other secluded location away from urban areas, and, much as the oracles of ancient Greece, would deliver prophecies in an ecstatic state to visitors seeking advice.

Seven of the districts govern suburbs, satellite towns, and rural areas further away from the urban core:

This trend towards living away from towns and cities has been termed the urban exodus.

Only the upper and middle classes voted, so this shifted power away from the landed aristocracy to the urban middle classes.

* Expansion around already existing areas allows public services to be located where people are living without taking away from the core city neighborhoods in large urban areas.

The nearest larger urban center is Maribor in Slovenia which is about away.

Koizumi moved the LDP away from its traditional rural agrarian base toward a more urban, neoliberal core, as Japan's population grew in major cities and declined in less populated areas, although under current purely geographical districting, rural votes in Japan are still many times more powerful than urban ones.

It is estimated that between 1830 and 1914 some 3000 professional artists participated in a mass movement away from urban centres into the countryside, residing for varying lengths of time in over 80 communities.

During the 1960s, new issues such as civil rights, the Vietnam War, affirmative action, and large-scale urban riots tended to split the coalition and drive many members away.

", we see a montage of the urban decay enveloping Flint, interspersed with news reports about increasing layoffs, residents moving away, and rapidly increasing rat infestations.

Sandyston's growth in recent years has been attributed to the influx of people from more urban parts of the state and even New York City, located less than 75 miles away.

The textile industry has long moved out of the area and Sellersville has become mainly a residential town for people working in the many urban centers that are only a short commute away.

While Oak Point, positioned on a scenic Lewisville Lake peninsula, provides a tranquil setting away from the pressures of a more urban environment, Oak Point is located just from the Dallas North Tollway, from Interstate 35E, and from the Dallas / Fort Worth International Airport.

Post-secondary four year and graduate education facilities near Clendenin are primarily located in and around the Charleston, WV urban area, which is located 21 miles away from the town.

Since most people live in urban areas, equipment needs to be portable so that it can be taken far away from the lights of major cities or towns to avoid urban light pollution.

This system challenged the guild system directly, because these home based businesses were located on farms, away from urban centers.

Harriseahead was heavily involved with the coal mining industry for many years and now is a commuter village serving the urban conurbations of Stoke on Trent and as far away as Manchester and Birmingham.

Due to urban renewal projects in recent years, most of these restaurants are fading away.

This trend can perhaps be most clearly seen in the handling of nature, with a move away from poems about formal gardens and landscapes by urban poets and towards poems about nature as lived in.