* 1486 – Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat and historian ( d. 1566 )

August Wilhelm Ambros ( November 17, 1816 – June 28, 1876 ) was an Austrian composer and music historian of Czech descent.

" Austrian historian Ernst Stein praised Ammianus as " the greatest literary genius that the world produced between Tacitus and Dante ".

* John Lothrop Motley, historian, Minister to Great Britain, Minister to the Austrian Empire

* 1955 – Andreas Maislinger, Austrian historian

* August 23 – Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat and historian ( d. 1566 )

A later example occurs in the Baroque, for instance the work of the Austrian Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach, who was an architect and sculptor, as well as an architectural historian.

Alexander Gerschenkron ( in Russian Александр Гершенкрон, * 1904 in Odessa, Russian Empire, now Ukraine, † 26 October 1978 in Cambridge, Massachusetts ) was a Russian-born American Jewish economic historian and professor in Harvard, trained in the Austrian School of economics.

" Ursula Schwarz, a historian at Vienna's Documentation Center for Austrian Resistance, has said that Schwarzenegger's career was fairly typical for his generation, and no evidence has emerged that has directly linked him with participation in war crimes or abuses against civilians.

Since the theme was brought up in the dissertation of the Austrian historian Oliver Rathkolb in the year 1982, the discussion of the singer's ( Schwarzkopf ) relationship with National Socialism ( i. e. Nazi Party ) has been discussed repeatedly in the media and in literature.

In the days before the British debate, the Dutch had offered to negotiate between Russia and the Triple Alliance, and Auckland reported that he saw documents in which Frederick Wilhelm questioned the need for the war and expressed concerns over the militant Austrian attitude ( according to Polish historian Jerzy Łojek, that was either Auckland's own or Russian misinformation, or a combination of both ).

The historian Robert A. Kann called him " a man of outstanding gifts, perhaps the foremost diplomat in imperial Austrian history " ( A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526-1918, p. 211 ).

According to historian Richard Thurlow, Column 88 took their name from a group of Austrians who set up an underground group of this name in 1934 when the Austrian government banned the Nazi Party.

The Austrian monarchist Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn proposed that the 25-point Program was pro-labour: “ the program championed the right to employment, and called for the institution of profit sharing, confiscation of war profits, prosecution of userers and profiteers, nationalization of trusts, communalization of department stores, extension of the old-age pension system, creation of a national education program of all classes, prohibition of child labour, and an end to the dominance of investment capital .” Whereas historian William Brustein proposes that said program points, and party founder Anton Drexler ’ s statements, indicate that the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) originated as a working-class political party.

Heinrich Ritter von Zeissberg ( July 8, 1839-May 27, 1899 ), Austrian historian, was born in Vienna, and in 1865 became professor of history at the university of Lemberg.

Sinowatz, educated as a historian, was Minister of Education and Art in the Austrian government from 1971 to 1983.

The theory was influenced by the ideas of the French historian Hilaire de Barenton entitled " L ' Origine des Langues, des Religions et des Peuples ", that all languages originated from hieroglyphs and cuneiform used by Sumerians and the paper of Austrian linguist Dr. Hermann F. Kvergić of Vienna entitled " La psychologie de quelques elements des langues Turques " (" The Psychology of Some Elements of the Turkic Languages ") and was given official backing and material support by the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

He was also made Ambassador to Vienna, a post he held for nine years, and was at the Congress of Vienna with his half brother Lord Castlereagh as one of the British plenipotentiaries, where, according to the renowned historian Adam Zamoyski in his book " Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna ", he made a spectacle of himself with his loutish behaviour, being apparently rather often inebriated, frequenting prostitutes quite openly, touching up young women in public, and once even starting a fist fight in the middle of the street with a Viennese coach driver ( from whom he had to be rescued by the Austrian constabulary ).

Wilhelm Baum, an Austrian historian, theologian, philosopher and publisher.

According to the 18th century historian Chrysostomus Hanthaler, Frederick was the first Austrian duke utilizing the red-white-red coat of arms after his accession — an attempt to prevail against the reluctant local nobles and to stress his autonomy towards Emperor Frederick II.

* Sir Ernst Gombrich ( 1909-2001 ), an Austrian art historian.

Josef Keil ( 1878 – 1963 ) was an Austrian historian, epigrapher and an archaeologist.

Austrian historian Friedrich Heer stated in his book Der Kampf um die österreichische Identität ( The Struggle Over Austrian Identity ), that the name has an older history, originating with the Celtic name of Noricum which Heer takes as No-or Nor-meaning " east " or " eastern ", and-rig " realm, dominion ", so that both the Latin and the German Ostarrîchi would ultimately be renditions of the Celtic name.

The Austrian school ( led by Reinhard Wenskus ) popularized this idea, which influenced medievalists such as Herwig Wolfram, Walter Pohl and Patrick Geary.

* Niederrhein ( song ), a song by Austrian musician Herwig Mitteregger

* Wolfram Waibel Jr. ( born 1970 ), Austrian sport shooter

* Wolfram Waibel Jr. ( born 1970 ), Austrian sport shooter

One day later a military unit of 8000 men consisting of Bavarian and French Troops approached Innsbruck from the Brenner Pass, but was convinced to surrender by captain Teimer, who dressed up as a Major of the regular Austrian army and made the Bavarian officers believe that the Austrian army was approaching Innsbruck, when in fact it was still about 40 miles away.

Bastiat and Austrian economists also believe that depreciation and other losses in the value of goods reduces the net value in the economy by the amount of the reduction in value of the goods.

Some economists, especially the Austrian school believe that fractional reserve banking should not be allowed and banks should not be allowed to lend money deposited in their accounts by individuals, unless they approve so.

Critics from the Austrian school of economics argue that socialist systems based on economic planning are unfeasible because they lack the information to perform economic calculation in the first place due to a lack of price signals and a free price system, which they believe are required for rational economic calculation.

Austrian School economists believe the productivity of the economy is determined by the consumption-investment ratio, and the demand for money only tells us the degree to which people prefer the utility of money ( protection against uncertainty ) to the utility of goods.

Some economists ( i. e. the Austrian School, in particular Ludwig von Mises ), believe that government intervention and over-regulation of the economy can lead to the conditions for collapse.

In November 2008, it was reported that an oak coffin containing his remains was taken from his family's mausoleum at a cemetery at Velden am Wörther See, in what Austrian Federal Police believe may be an attempt to extort money from his widow.

They know what the Austrian government is going to demand ... and I think we may say with some assurance that they had expressed approval of those demands and promised support should dangerous complications ensure ... the German government did not believe that there is any danger of war .” Though Jagow ’ s pretence was not widely believed, it was still believed at this time that Germany was aiming for peace, and could restrain Austria.

Albrecht Gaiswinkler ( October 29, 1905 – May 11, 1979 ) was an Austrian civil servant, social democrat ( SPÖ ) politician and resistance fighter, who, some believe, saved the Mona Lisa from destruction in an Austrian salt mine towards the end of World War II.

Marlborough, realising the only way to ignore Dutch wishes was by the use of secrecy and guile, set out to deceive his Dutch allies by pretending to simply move his troops to the Moselle – a plan approved of by The Hague – but once there, he would slip the Dutch leash and link up with Austrian forces in southern Germany.

No really adequate recording has been made of Schmidt's second and last opera Fredigundis, of which there has been but one " unauthorized " release in the early 1980s on the Voce Label of an Austrian Radio broadcast of a 1979 Vienna performance under the direction of Ernst Märzendorfer.

In the east, there were decisive victories against the Russian army, the trapping and defeat of large parts of the Russian contingent at the Battle of Tannenberg, followed by huge Austrian and German successes.

The Sanjak preserved the separation of Serbia and Montenegro, and the Austro-Hungarian garrisons there would open the way for a dash to Salonika that " would bring the western half of the Balkans under permanent Austrian influence.

Writing in 1944, the liberal Austrian economist Friedrich Hayek said of the change in political attitudes that had occurred since the Great War: " Perhaps nothing shows this change more clearly than that, while there is no lack of sympathetic treatment of Bismarck in contemporary English literature, the name of Gladstone is rarely mentioned by the younger generation without a sneer over his Victorian morality and naive utopianism ".

In 1734 there were the battle of Bitonto, a Spanish victory over Austrian forces.

Thus, it is not surprising that people left Alsace, not only for Paris – where the Alsatian community grew in numbers, with famous members such as Baron Haussmann – but also for more distant places like Russia and the Austrian Empire, to take advantage of the new opportunities offered there: Austria had conquered lands in Eastern Europe from the Ottoman Empire and offered generous terms to colonists as a way of consolidating its hold on the new territories.

The revolt was however short-lived, and there were no other unrests under the Austrian Empire ( nor previously there was any ), as in Venice or in other parts of Italy ; while opponents to Austria were forced to exile.

In addition to the ideological differences between France and the monarchical powers of Europe, there were continuing disputes over the status of Austrian estates in Alsace, and the concern of members of the National Constituent Assembly about the agitation of émigrés nobles abroad, especially in the Austrian Netherlands and the minor states of Germany.

Of the latter there has been the 1990 opera Ulrike Meinhof by Johann Kresnik, the 1993 play Leviathan by Dea Loher, the 2005 play La extraordinaria muerte de Ulrike M. by Spanish playwright Carlos Be and the 2006 play Ulrike Maria Stuart ( de ) by Austrian playwright Elfriede Jelinek.

Mostly typical Yugoslavian, there is also many buildings of Austrian and Turkish descent, for example the old mosques.

The Austrian pullout forced Russia to accept peace at Niš ', giving up its claims to Crimea and Moldavia, being allowed to build a port at Azov but not to build fortifications there or have any fleet in the Black Sea.

* Seweryn Goszczyński, Polish Romantic poet who escaped there from the Austrian invader

It may be thus seen as the beginning of Austrian history, and in 1919 there was the concrete idea aired by Heinrich Lammasch, who had been Imperial Austria's last prime minister, to give the young republic the name of " Norische Republik " or " Noric Republic ", because the ancient borders were similar to those of the new state which, at that time, did not wish to be considered the heir of the Habsburg monarchy but an independent, neutral and peaceful state.

Advocates of laissez-faire capitalism, such as some economists of the Austrian School, argue that there is no such phenomenon as " market failures ".

He was assigned to the southwestern front of the Soča battlefield and there he experienced a breakthrough of Austrian army to the river Piava and its retreat.

To this end, Marlborough moved his English troops to the Moselle ( a plan approved of by The Hague ), but once there he planned to slip the Dutch leash and march south to link up with Austrian forces in southern Germany.

Austrian People's Party military spokesman Walter Murauer defended Otto's statement at the time Murauer claimed that there was " another reality behind the mass of people who listened to Hitler on the Heldenplatz ".

Therefore, other than Strauss and numerous concert overtures by others, there are only isolated symphonic poems by German and Austrian composers — Hans von Bülow's Nirwana ( 1866 ), Hugo Wolf's Penthesilea ( 1883-5 ) and Arnold Schoenberg's Pelleas und Melisande ( 1902-3 ).

When Frederick William decided that he could gain very little by continuing to battle the astonishingly effective revolutionary forces of the young Republic of France, and that there were much easier pickings for his army in the Kingdom of Poland, he stopped armed hostilities with the Republic and turned the state prisoners back over to his erstwhile coalition partner, the Habsburg Austrian monarch Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor.

This is exactly the place where there were the most of the fights between the French and Austrian armies.

Crucially, despite Austrian attempts to trumpet their victory against Napoleon, its political consequences remained limited: there were no signs of a general uprising in Germany, Prussia was still unwilling to enter the war and Great Britain was not ready to launch its promised land expedition in northern Europe, while Russia, France's ally since 1807, was becoming increasingly aggressive against the Austrian forces in Galicia.