It is said that Basava, rebelled against the rigid practices of the caste system prevalent in mainstream Hindu society, and eventually began new philosophy of Lingayatism with a casteless society at its core.

Basava, said to have grown up in an orthodox Hindu religious household and rejected many practices in Vedic society based on some of the religious Scriptures called Agamas, Shastras, and Puranas in Sanskrit language.

Before punishing the couple, Bijjala asked Basava to agree with the caste system ; but Basava strongly opposed the caste system and said both Haralayya and Madhuvaras were Lingayats and the rules of the caste system were not applicable to them.

Basava established Anubhava Mantapa to establish spiritual social and economic democracy.

* Basavakalyan, a major centre of social and religious movement in 12th century by Basava, it consists of temples in Chalukyan architecture

Basava () ( also known as Bhakti Bhandari Basavanna () or Basaveshwara (), ( 1134 – 1196 )) was a philosopher, Statesman and a social reformer from present-day Karnataka, India.

Basava spread social awareness through his poetry known as Vachanaas.

" Brahminical thought " interpret the Vachanaas as essence of Vedic knowledge while attempting to explain the social revolution, Basava was able to bring in.

Basava, like Gautama Buddha, did not preach people the intricate aspects of spirituality ; but, he taught people how to live happily in a rational social order later came to be known as Sharana movement.

The Anubhava Mantapa established by Basava laid down the foundation of social democracy.

The prabhulingaleele, Basava purana, channabasavapurana, basavarajavijaya are few of the epics under virashaiva tradition

Basava Purana, a 13th-century Telugu biographical epic poem, written by Palkuriki Somanatha, and its detailed Kannada version, written by Bhima Kavi in 1369 CE are scared texts in Lingayatism.

Important trains operated by this zone are: Karnataka Express ( Bangalore – New Delhi ), Rani Chennamma Express ( Bangalore – Kolhapur ), Gol Gumbaz Express ( Bangalore – Solapur ), Basava Express ( Bangalore – Gulbarga – Bagalkot ), Jan Shatabdi Express ( Bangalore – Hubli ), Siddaganga Intercity Express ( Bangalore – Dharwad ), Udyan Express ( Bangalore – Mumbai ), Karnataka Sampark Kranti Express ( Bangalore – New Delhi ), Hampi Express ( Bangalore – Hubli ), Bangalore – Chennai Mail, Lalbagh Express ( Bangalore – Chennai ), Shatabdi Express ( Bangalore – Chennai ), Tippu Express ( Bangalore – Mysore ), Rajya Rani Express ( Mysore – Bangalore ) and the Vasco Da Gama – Hazrat Nizammudin Delhi Goa Express.

While the Indian society had converted workmanship into castes, Basava reversed the castes into workmanship again.

Basava believed that man becomes great not by his birth but by his conduct in the society.

* Mukto-mona. com, an Indian Skeptic's explanation of miracles: By Yuktibaadi, compiled by Basava Premanand

In the twelfth century Basava founded the ViraShaiva school or Virashaivism.

and " Om Sri Guru Basava Lingaya Namaha " is the Dwadahsa Mantra.

While Basava understood shatsthala as a process with various stages to be attained in succession, Channabasavanna, Basava's nephew, differed radically from his uncle and held that a soul can reach its salvation in any stage.

Basava created this as a protest against the feudalistic ideologies present at that time.

Basava exhorted all wearers of Ishta linga to practice daasoha without reservation.

Saints and Sharanas like Allama Prabhu, Akka Mahadevi, Siddarama and Basava were at the forefront of this development during the 12th century.

The Society differentiated people based on birth while Basava offered equal status to all.

Speaking of Basava: Lingayat religion and culture in South Asia.

Basava Premanand ( 17 February 1930-4 October 2009 ) was a skeptic and rationalist from Kerala, India.

Described by BBC as India's leading guru buster, Basava Premanand has " been honoured by the government with its highest award for the promotion of scientific values among the public.

After the death of Abraham Kovoor in 1978, Basava Premanand continued his challenge by offering INR 100, 000 to any person who would demonstrate any psychic, supernatural of paranormal ability of any kind under satisfactory observing conditions.

Basava fought against the inhuman practice of caste system, which discriminated people based on their birth, and certain rituals in Hinduism.

But this theory, however, fails to explain why other well known religious leaders like Shankaracharya and Madhwacharya, who were very well acquainted with Vedic knowledge did not address the issues, that Basava did in later part of the history in 12th century.

It is believed that Lord Basava was born into a Shaiva Brahmin called madarasa and Madalambike family residing in a small town, Basavana Bagewadi in Bijapur district of northern Karnataka state, India in 1134 AD.

Basava created much controversy by actively ignoring the societal rules associated with the caste system, which he wished to abolish.

Kwanzaa is a celebration that has its roots in the black nationalist movement of the 1960s, and was established as a means to help African Americans reconnect with their African cultural and historical heritage by uniting in meditation and study of African traditions and Nguzu Saba, the " seven principles of African Heritage " which Karenga said " is a communitarian African philosophy ".

However, this cannot be said of present-day Mandarin, in which most words are compounds ( around 80 %), and most roots are bound.

Although the power of judicial review is sometimes said to have originated with Marbury, the concept of judicial review has ancient roots.

However the apparently irresolvable mind-body problem is said to be overcome, and bypassed, by the Embodied cognition approach, with its roots in the work of Heidegger, Piaget, Vygotsky, Merleau-Ponty and the pragmatist John Dewey.

Wright's stories published during the 1950s disappointed some critics who said that his move to Europe alienated him from American blacks and separated him from his emotional and psychological roots.

Jackson said Mendes ' theatrical roots rarely showed, and that the " most remarkable " aspect was that Spacey's performance did not overshadow the film.

The Plaksa Pra-sravana was said to be a fig tree between the roots of which the Sarasvati River sprang forth ; it is usually held to be a Sacred Fig but more probably seems to be a Wavy-leaved Fig ( F. infectoria ).

Plants could be said to exhibit a form of equilibrioception, in that when rotated from their normal attitude the stems grow in the direction that is upward ( away from gravity ) while their roots grow downward ( in the direction of gravity ) this phenomenon is known as Gravitropism and it has been shown that for instance Poplar stems can detect reorientation and inclination.

In a letter to Autoweek Magazine, Donald Petersen, then Ford Chairman, said, " We are moving toward building a quality culture at Ford and the many changes that have been taking place here have their roots directly in Deming's teachings.

Cavell also said that in was made in the tradition of romantic comedy with roots from ancient Rome to Shakespeare.

Currently, the most accepted theory is that the name has Celtic roots, from the root red that originated the name redis ( or reddis ), that would approximately mean place in the way / place in the roads, or said alternatively, an inhabited place in a cross-road.

In 1988 Phil Bakes, the president of Eastern Air Lines, announced plans to lay off 4, 000 employees and eliminate and reduce service to airports in the Western United States ; he said that the airline was going " back to our roots " in the East Coast of the United States.

Eduardo De Filippo, father of Neapolitan theatre of the 20th century, said of him that he was a comic actor of the future, but with his roots in the past.

Pavitt said, " I really felt that the Brits and the Europeans wanted to see something that was unruly and that was more of an American archetype -- something that was really primal and really drew from the roots of rock & roll, which was very American.

Josh Brigham, one of the guitarists and the only founding member remaining during the recording of the album, has said: " Our music has always been spacey and heavy, and we use those roots, combined with our love of grunge-era Smashing Pumpkins, Dinosaur Jr., HUM, and Pixies, we add some bigger, heavier riffs.

The winning remix was " Come On Down ( KY Raised NY Glazed )" by Interlude Jones who said he tried to " take the influential sound of old New York hip hop and marry it back to its roots.

It was, he said, essential to keep trees at a distance so that their roots would not damage the structures.

Although Edward later stopped practicing that faith, he has said he never stopped feeling connected to God and is still closely connected to his Catholic roots.

Although Suzuki thought there was much to learn from the study of Zen in Japan, he said that it had grown moss on its branches and saw his American Students as a means to reform Zen, and return it to its pure, zazen ( meditation ) and practice centered roots.

Similarly, roots of a polynomial are said to be degenerate if they coincide, since generically the n roots of an nth degree polynomial are all distinct.

The term is thought to have been coined by former US Senator Lloyd Bentsen of Texas in 1985, when he said, " A fellow from Texas can tell the difference between grass roots and Astroturf ; this is generated mail.

" Every once and again there is a pull to return to one's own roots or beginnings, with the perspective of time and experience, to feel the familiar things you once loved and love still ", said McKennitt.

" This is said to describe the root tubers that hang characteristically on the genus, on fibrous roots.

Ouzo has its roots in tsipouro, which is said to have been the pet project of a group of 14th century monks living in a monastery on Mount Athos.