Before the rise of the mendicant orders ( wandering friars ) in the thirteenth century, the daily services were usually contained in a number of large volumes.

Before the revolution Mubarak tolerated limited political activity by the Brotherhood for his first two terms, but then moved more aggressively to block its influence ( arguably leading to its recent rise in public support ).

Before a new employee could rise to the level of mastery, he had to go through a schooling period during which he was first called an apprentice.

Before the rise of Christianity, the pseudepigrapha of Enochic Judaism, which enjoyed much popularity during the Second Temple period, gave Satan an expanded role.

Before reaching Harbor Beach, the winds turned to the northeast and the lake began to rise.

Before the rise of the Mongols in the 13th century, what is now central and western Inner Mongolia, especially the Hetao region, alternated in control between Chinese agriculturalists in the south and Xiongnu, Xianbei, Khitan, Jurchen, Tujue, and other Mongol nomads of the north.

Before Tortosa, across the river, rise the massive Ports de Tortosa-Beseit mountains.

Before the rise of journaling file systems, it was common for an improperly shut-down Unix system's file system to develop a corrupted superblock.

In the 1960 edition, the article on the ark stated that " Before the days of ' higher criticism ' and the rise of the modern scientific views as to the origin of the species, there was much discussion among the learned, and many ingenious and curious theories were advanced, as to the number of animals on the ark ".

Before the rise of large ship companies on Lake Michigan, service was done primarily by owner-operated boats.

Before the rise of cotton in the American South, indigo and rice were also sometimes called plantation crops.

Before the rise of public health care and nursery facilities, almost all Finnish mothers gave birth in saunas.

Before his rise to power, Dionysius criticized the generals of Syracuse in their poor performance against the Carthagenians.

Before the election, the Tories suggested that it should rise to 66 sooner – by 2016.

Before any of us could rise to examine it, four more lights appeared almost simultaneously, about the same shape, and varying only in size.

Financial settlement periods used to be much longer: Before the early 1990s at the London Stock Exchange, for example, stock could be paid for up to 10 working days after it was bought, allowing traders to buy ( or sell ) shares at the beginning of a settlement period only to sell ( or buy ) them before the end of the period hoping for a rise in price.

Before the rise of Racine, Sainte-Beuve found La Harpe to the best critic of the French school of tragedy.

Before the rise of Birkenhead in the 1820s, it was the largest town in the Wirral Hundred.

Before the rise of the historic tribes, their indigenous ancestors lived along the river for thousands of years.

Before and after the mating season, both males and females make a five to seven note rise on the pitch scale.

Before the " MSG Incident ", Levesque had been booked into the finals of the 1996 King of the Ring tournament during the following summer, but his place-and the push that usually went with it-would instead go to Steve Austin, igniting his rise toward mainstream superstardom and helped the WWF defeat WCW in the Monday Night Wars.

Before the rise of private estates, the only kind of lands were public lands maintained under the old civil administration.

Before the rise of the NSDAP it was the main nationalist party in Weimar Germany composed of nationalists, reactionary monarchists, völkisch, and antisemitic elements, and supported by the Pan-German League.

Before the rise of Newlyn as an important settlement the landing rights and most property within the Newlyn area were owned by the Manor of Alverton.

Before that, it was about 7 censuses, most part of these previous censuses was undertaken during Soviet ( USSR ) control.

Before long, and much to the embarrassment of the authorities, the media began to expose severe social and economic problems the Soviet government had long denied and actively concealed.

Before final negotiations were concluded in 1921, however, Afghanistan had already begun to establish its own foreign policy without repercussions anyway, including diplomatic relations with the new government in the Soviet Union in 1919.

Before the 1980s Soviet war, Afghanistan pursued a policy of neutrality and nonalignment in its foreign relations, being one of a few independent nations to stay neutral in both World War I and World War II.

Before long, much to the embarrassment of the authorities, the media began to expose severe social and economic problems which the Soviet government had long denied and covered up.

Before the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union, researchers who attempted to count the number of people killed under Stalin's regime produced estimates ranging from 3 to 60 million.

Before he can sell the secret of the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union, he is discovered by the British and is killed by members of MI5 who stage his death as a heart attack.

Before 1991, the former Soviet Union, China and the Warsaw Pact countries had been a major source of economic and military aid.

Before 1929, different countries had different definitions, and the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States did not immediately accept the international value.

Before the Second World War, researchers in France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States, independently and in great secrecy, developed technologies that led to the modern version of radar.

Before the Treaty of Rawalpindi was concluded in 1921, Afghanistan had already begun to establish its own foreign policy, including diplomatic relations with the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic in 1919.

Before the Soviet Union collapsed, a supersonic VTOL aircraft was developed as the Yak-38's successor, the Yak-141, which never went into production.

Before initiating the plan, he presented it to Soviet Premier Nikolai Tikhonov.

Before the Tribunal convened, Nikitchenko explained the Soviet perspective of the trials :" We are dealing here with the chief war criminals who have already been convicted and whose conviction has been already announced by both the Moscow and Crimea declarations by the heads of the governments ....

Before the fall of the Berlin Wall, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher told Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev that neither the United Kingdom nor Western Europe wanted the reunification of Germany.

Before the end of World War II, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill was concerned that, with the enormous size of Soviet forces deployed in Europe at the end of the war and the perception that the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin was unreliable, there was a serious threat to Western Europe.

Before his death in March 1953, Stalin allegedly had planned the execution of " Doctors Plot " defendants already on trial in Red Square in March 1953, and then he would cast himself as the savior of Soviet Jews by sending them to camps away from the purportedly enraged Russian populace.

Before the Tripartite Dinner Meeting of November 29, 1943 at the Tehran Conference, Churchill presented Stalin with a specially commissioned ceremonial sword ( the " Sword of Stalingrad ", made in Sheffield ) commemorating the victory in the battle of Stalingrad, as a gift from King George VI to the citizens of Stalingrad and the people of the Soviet Union.

Before the Soviet Luna 9 mission ( landing four months before Surveyor 1 ) and the Surveyor project, it was unknown how deep the dust on the Moon was.

Before the Soviet intervention, the building was Tajbeg Palace, where Hafizullah Amin was killed.

Before the referendum, Abbas lobbied for international support for the GPRA, which was quickly recognized by Morocco, Tunisia, several other Arab countries, China, and a number of African and other Asian states but not by the Soviet Union.

Before they were sent as guards to the concentration camps, most Soviet POWs who served as camp guards underwent special training in Trawniki, originally a holding center for refugees and Soviet POWs whom the Security Police and SD had designated potential collaborators or dangerous persons.

Before work was completed, however, the Soviet Union launched a second satellite, Sputnik 2, on November 3, 1957.