Before the arrival of Europeans, Banda had an oligarchic form of government led by orang kaya (' rich men ') and the Bandanese had an active and independent role in trade throughout the archipelago.

Before the Iron Age, the role of cavalry on the battlefield was largely performed by light chariots.

He also provided the voice of Jack Skellington, the main character in Tim Burton's animated Disney film The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ), and has since reprised the role in many other subsequent productions, including the Disney / Square video games Kingdom Hearts and Kingdom Hearts II and the Capcom sequel to the original film, Oogie's Revenge.

Before the fighting, the Parliament of England did not have a large permanent role in the English system of government, functioning as a temporary advisory committee, summoned by the monarch whenever the Crown required additional tax revenue, and subject to dissolution by the monarch at any time.

Before accepting a role as a villain in Leone's Once Upon a Time in the West, Henry Fonda called Wallach and asked " What the hell does he know about the West?

Before the rise of Christianity, the pseudepigrapha of Enochic Judaism, which enjoyed much popularity during the Second Temple period, gave Satan an expanded role.

Before that, the vocal virtuosity, not range, was the priority, with soprano parts rarely extending above a high A ( Handel, for example, only wrote one role extending to a high C ), though the castrato Farinelli was alleged to possess a top D ( his lower range was also extraordinary, extending to tenor C ).

Before his theft of fire, Prometheus played a decisive role in the Titanomachy, securing victory for Zeus and the other Olympians.

Before the release of It Takes a Nation of Millions to Hold Us Back, Professor Griff, in his role as Minister of Information, gave interviews to UK magazines on behalf of Public Enemy, during which he made homophobic and anti-Semitic remarks.

Before the relatively recent discovery of neurons and their role in pain, various different body functions were proposed to account for pain.

" Waits also continued to further his acting career with a supporting role as Rudy the Kraut in Ironweed ( an adaptation of William Kennedy's Pulitzer Prize-winning novel ) alongside Jack Nicholson and Meryl Streep, in which Waits performed the song " Big Rock Candy Mountain ", as well as a part in Robert Frank's Candy Mountain, in which Waits also performed " Once More Before I Go.

Before he showed an interest in poetry, he displayed a keenness for acting, though Mr Giles ' Theatre, where he performed, only let him play the title role in Macbeth if he paid for the privilege.

Before motorized transport became widespread, drummers played a key role in military conflicts.

Before the Dutch Revolt, Antwerp had played an important role as a distribution center in northern Europe.

Before 1974, that role had been filled by Famagusta which is now located in the Turkish controlled part of the island which is not recognised as a legal port by any country except Turkey.

Before the lightning strikes earth, the filaments lead electricity through the clouds, playing the role of lightning rods.

Before production, John Ford shopped the project around to several Hollywood studios, all of which turned him down because big budget Westerns were out of vogue, and because Ford insisted on using John Wayne in a key role in the film.

* Dick Van Dyke – Before his small but memorable role as D. A.

Before relating the story, it is stated that Cupid played no role in the events and was not to blame for Myrrha's incestuous love for her father, Cinyras.

He has done animation voice acting, most notably voicing the recurring role of David Xanatos in the animated series Gargoyles, and he provided the voice of his own head in a jar in the Futurama episode " Where No Fan Has Gone Before ".

Before independence, others identified a Japanese fifth column in India and some thought the British would retain certain princely states to serve them in that role.

Before leaving, McQueen told Spielberg that he could not accept the role because he was unable to cry on cue.

Before his election, Adolf ’ s political activities had been limited to his role as Bundesgenosse of the Archbishop of Cologne.

Before any commercial use of QuickRing, newer versions of PCI started appearing that offered performance close enough to QuickRing to make its role redundant.

Before numbers were even invented, counting devices were used to perform everyday calculations ; one of these devices was the abacus, which provided merchants good and accurate data when buying and selling goods.

Before that, Nogai's independent actions related to Rus ' princes and foreign merchants had already annoyed the Khan.

Before that time the Dutch East India Company ( VOC ) merchants were in principle just another trading power among many, establishing trading posts and settlements ( colonies ) in strategic places around the archipelago.

Before the crusades, the region of Livonia was a mixed outpost, a pagan society where merchants from the Hanseatic League encountered merchants of Novgorod, and where Germanic, Scandinavian, and Russian trade, culture, and cults all mingled.

Before venturing through the pass, parties of travellers and merchants would form at the Boot Inn at Edgware and the Three Crowns at Bushey Heath so they didn ’ t have to venture through the pass alone.

Before World War I, there were 3, 000 Polish inhabitants in the city, including some wealthy industralists and merchants.

Before the communist takeover, most wealthy merchants and middle-class resided in this precinct.

Before departing from Novgorod, Mikhail invited the townsmen to send merchants to Chernihiv and declared that their lands and his would be as one.

Before the onset of the official asiento in 1595, the Spanish fiscal authorities gave individual asientoes to merchants, primarily from Portugal, to bring slaves to the Americas.

Before the opening of Manila to foreign trade, the Spanish authorities discouraged foreign merchants from residing in the colony and engaging in business.

Before the bridge was constructed travelers had been forced to cross by ferry or over a mud bridge.

Before interstate highways were built, Allendale had several motels, primarily serving travelers going between Northeastern states and Florida.

Before Flagler bought the line, the railroad stretched only between South Jacksonville and St. Augustine and lacked a depot sufficient to accommodate travelers to his St. Augustine resorts.

Before then travelers had to use the Via Latina along the flanks of the mountains ; Tarracina could not be reached across the marsh.

Before the travelers go on a night out, they should try out the sumptuous meals that city's restaurants offer.

Before Persephone was released to Hermes, who had been sent to retrieve her, Hades tricked her into eating pomegranate seeds, ( six or four according to the telling ) which forced her to return to the underworld for some months each year.

Before closing on the event horizon, the Eurydice launches the Hermes, a smaller explorer ship, which continues on to Beta Harpiae.