Before colonization the senior queen acted as a check and counterweight to the king's power, both through her direct control of some military forces and her control of rainmaking medicines and rites and of key aspects of the Ncwala national ritual that annually binds the fate of the king and the nation together.

Before leaving, he developed acquaintances with senior Bolsheviks including Anatoly Lunacharsky, the People's Commissar for Education, who told him: " You are a revolutionary in music, we are revolutionaries in life.

Before establishing himself in the senior team, he played for the reserve side.

Before St. Mary ’ s was recognized as a senior college in 1925, there was no formal conference competition, so the rivalry between the downtown and Woodlawn campuses was fierce.

Before 1840 the senior residentiary cleric was the Precentor, and not a Dean due to a complication during the dissolution of the monasteries.

Before the opening of the 14th National Congress of the CPC in 1992, the Party's senior leaders, including Deng and Chen Yun, were to select candidates for the Politburo Standing Committee to ensure a smooth transition of power from the so-called second-generation leaders ( Deng, Chen, Li Xiannian, Wang Zhen, etc.

Before training can begin, the gelanggang must be prepared either by the teachers or senior students in a ritual called " opening the training area " ( buka gelanggang ).

Before retirement he became a professor of psychiatry at New York University, a senior psychiatrist in the New York City Department of Hospitals, and a psychiatrist and the director of the Mental Hygiene Clinic at the Bellevue Hospital Center.

Before the events of the pilot episode, Black held a senior officer rank in Spectrum, an international security organisation inaugurated in 2067 that mobilises all its personnel, vehicles and other resources in response to the threat posed by the Mysterons.

Before World War I he held a number of senior positions relating to weapons development, before being appointed Chief of Staff of the North Sea Command in 1908, rising to Rear Admiral on 27 January 1910.

Before a vote is taken at a Council meeting, though, all proposals are circulated in writing to the heads of departments, who commission the senior career officials of their department – the heads of the Federal Offices – to prepare a written response to offer criticism and suggestions.

Before the ECtHR grants appeal, a claimant must have exhausted all available judicial recourse in the violating country ; in France this means following the appeals process to either senior court.

Before age 15, a majority of first-intercourse experiences among females are reported to be non-voluntary ; the Guttmacher Institute found that 60 % of girls who had sex before age 15 were coerced by males who on average were six years their senior.

Before the practice was discontinued in the 1990s, those who were appointed to the position of CDS ( head of the Armed Forces ) had been elevated to the most senior rank in their respective service ( a five-star officer ).

Before being named Interior Secretary in 2001, Norton was senior counsel at Brownstein, Hyatt & Farber, P. C., a Denver-based law firm.

Before taking the government post on 1 May 2001, Leung served in senior management positions at big international banks in Hong Kong.

Before 1947, the term Esquire was used by most senior government officers, especially the former members of the Indian Civil Service and the rest of the higher services of the Imperial Civil Services.

Before the single-sex senior schools were merged, the former girls school in Rushden was named " Chichele Girls School " after Henry Chichele who was born in the neighbouring town of Higham Ferrers.

Before 6 May 2010 the MP was Stephen Ladyman a senior Labour minister, preceded by Jonathan Aitken.

Before the end of his senior year, he had officially resigned from the committee after the passage of the Lend-Lease Act.

He was shown as the USS Enterprise's staff physicist in the pilot episode, " Where No Man Has Gone Before ", but served as third officer and senior helmsman throughout the rest of the series, during which he held the rank of lieutenant.

Before his retirement in 1992, Kabbah held a number of senior administrative positions at UNDP Headquarters in New York, including those of Deputy Director and Director of Personnel, and Director, Division of Administration and Management.

Before this he had been senior research manager for ICI and Zeneca.

Before turning in her own resignation, Johnson fired two other GSA senior executives, PBS head Robert Peck and senior advisor Stephen Leeds.

`` Before then, my sales during much of the year had lagged behind 1960 by 20% '', he says.

In his Rudolphine Tables ( 1627 ), Johannes Kepler used a prototype of year zero which he labeled Christi ( Christ ) between years labeled Ante Christum ( Before Christ ) and Post Christum ( After Christ ) on the mean motion tables for the Sun, Moon, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus and Mercury.

Before the end of the year, Charles Martel had escaped from prison and been acclaimed mayor by the nobles of that kingdom.

Before Kaye had been on the air a year, he tied with Jimmy Durante for fifth place in the Radio Daily popularity poll.

Before the year 1830 drew to a close, both Marshal Sucre and Simón Bolívar would be dead ; the former, murdered ( on orders from a jealous General Flores, according to some historians ), and the latter, from tuberculosis.

Before becoming member a party needs to have been observer of the EFA for at least one year.

Before the military buildup began in fiscal year ( FY ) 1980, United States military assistance to Honduras was less than US $ 4 million.

Before the adoption of the current year numbering system, other systems were in use.

Before the year was over, Brown, who had immediately returned to work with his band following his release, organized a pay-per-view concert following a show at Los Angeles ' Wiltern Theatre, that was well received.

Before long, scientific inquiries provoked by his claims had pushed back the age of the earth into the millions of yearsstill too short when compared with the accepted 4. 6 billion year age in the 21st century, but a distinct improvement.

These were interrupted by service in the U. S. Army Signal Corps during World War II, where he worked as a codebreaker and participated in the landing at Casablanca. Before leaving for Europe in 1943, Greenberg married Selma Berkowitz, whom he had met during his first year at Columbia.

Before the year 1880 the majority of the population in Karachi consisted of the indigenous Sindhis and Balochis ( who spoke Sindhi as their mother tongue ).

Before the sale was announced, Anthony Bamford, chairman of British excavators manufacturer JCB, had expressed interest in purchasing Jaguar Cars in August, the year previously ; only to back out when told the sale would also involve Land Rover, which he did not wish to buy.

Later that year, the live album Before the Flood was released, which documents the tour.

The year before 1 AD or CE is designated 1 Before Christ ( BC ) or Before the Common Era ( BCE ), the year before that 2 BC / BCE, etc.

* The Chinese Buddhist monk Huiyuan, who founded the Pure Land Buddhism sect and the monastery on Mount Lushan, writes the book On Why Monks Do Not Bow Down Before Kings in this year.

* Before this year – Textile with elephants and camels, known today as the Suaire de St-Josse, from Khurasan or Central Asia, is made.

Before that, the earliest known proto-frog was Triadobatrachus massinoti, from the 250 million year old early Triassic of Madagascar.

Before the rule of Claudius Gothicus, there had only been two emperors from the Balkans, but after, there would only be one emperor who did not hail from the provinces of Pannonia, Moesia or Illyricum until the year 378, when Theodosius I from Hispania would take the throne.

Before his death in January 2006, Rawls ' last performance was a taping for the 2006 telethon that honored Wonder, months before entering the hospital after being diagnosed with cancer earlier in the year.

Before printer's magenta was invented in the 1890s for CMYK printing, and electric magenta was invented in the 1980s for computer displays, these two artificially engineered colors were preceded by the color displayed at right, which is the color originally called fuchsine made from coal tar dyes in the year 1859.

Before the end of the year, Psyche had been back to Poland, played as part of the Endless Danse Macabre Festivals in the Netherlands, and Belgium as well as played for the first time ever in Australia.