Before her, erotica written by women was rare, with a few notable exceptions, such as the work of Kate Chopin.

Before the 19th century, tattoos and piercings were very common among the Aleut people, especially among women.

Before he entered parliament, Disraeli was involved with several women, most notably Henrietta, Lady Sykes ( the wife of Sir Francis Sykes, 3rd Bt ), who served as the model for Henrietta Temple.

Before the revelation of Sheldon's identity, Tiptree was often referred to as an unusually macho male ( see, e. g., Robert Silverberg's commentaries ) as well as an unusually feminist science fiction writer ( for a male ) — particularly for " The Women Men Don't See ", a story of two women who go looking for aliens to escape from male-dominated society on Earth.

Before beginning the story-telling sessions, the ten young Florentines, 7 women and 3 men, referred to as the Brigata, gather at the Basilica di Santa Maria Novella and together decide to escape Black Death by leaving the city to stay in a villa in the countryside for the next two weeks.

Before World War II, most elite university faculties counted among their numbers few, if any, Jews, blacks, women, or other minorities ; Yale was no exception.

Before women obtained the right to vote in 1920, Lillian Daley was an active Suffragette, participating in marches.

Before a white militia was able to respond, the rebels killed 60 men, women, and children.

Before allotment, women divorced easily and had important political and social status, as they were usually the center of their kin network.

Before this, only the summer semester was coeducational, to accommodate women teachers who wanted to further their education during the summer break.

Before they board the train, Joe and Jerry have already noticed Sugar Kane ( Marilyn Monroe ), the band's vocalist and ukulele player, marveling over how she walks " like jello on springs ," as they struggle along in their high heels not at all sure they will be able to " pass " as women.

Before that season, the MEAC was the first conference to secure NCAA sanctioning for women ’ s bowling by adopting the club sport prior to the 1996-97 school year.

Before, there were makeup lines for white women and others for black women.

Before the closing of the theatres, all female roles had been played by boys, and the predominantly male audiences of the 1660s and 1670s were curious, censorious, and delighted at the novelty of seeing real women engage in risqué repartee and take part in physical seduction scenes.

Before Addams ' powerful influence on the profession, social work was largely informed by a " friendly visitor " model in which typically wealthy women of high public stature visited impoverished individuals and, through systematic assessment and intervention, aimed to improve the lives of the poor.

Before her own marriage, Stone felt that women should be allowed to divorce drunken husbands, to formally end a " loveless marriage " so that " a true love may grow up in the soul of the injured one from the full enjoyment of which no legal bond had a right to keep her ... Whatever is pure and holy, not only has a right to be, but it has a right also to be recognized, and further, I think it has no right not to be recognized.

Before indoor plumbing, the housewife also had to carry all the water used for washing, boiling, and rinsing the laundry ; according to an 1886 calculation, women fetched water eight to ten times every day from a pump, well, or spring.

Before the 19th century, military circles supported the notion that all persons, including unarmed women and children, were still the enemy, with the belligerent ( nation or person engaged in conflict ) having conquering rights over them.

Before that, four women were granted the title as individuals as Woman of the Year – Wallis Simpson in 1936, Soong May-ling ( Madame Chiang Kai-shek ) in 1937, Queen Elizabeth II in 1952, and Corazon Aquino in 1986.

Before 1874, when Massachusetts passed the nation's first legislation limiting the number of hours women and child factory workers could perform to 10 hours a day, virtually no labor legislation existed in the country.

Before Title IX, women coached 90 % of women's teams, in 1978 that percentage dropped to 58, and in 2004 it dropped even more to 44 percent.

Before taking office, he spent some time secluded in a cave, without women, forbidden to eat salt, or to go out during daylight.

Before official admission of women to the University, several women were able to complete graduate degrees through credit earned during the summer sessions.

Before merging them into a common profile it is well to remember that their separate careers were extraordinary.

Before being daughter, wife, or mother, before being cultured ( a word now bereft both socially and politically of the sheen you children of frontiersmen bestowed on it ), before being sorry for the poor, progressive about public health, and prettily if somewhat imprecisely humanitarian, indeed first and foremost, you were a lady.

Before that we lumber dealers were working almost single-handed on the problem ''.

Before WWII British ' social anthropology ' and American ' cultural anthropology ' were still distinct traditions.

Before this, many of its families were assigned to the old order Liliales: a very large order containing almost all monocots with colourful tepals and without starch in their endosperm.

Before that time, at the peak of the last ice age ( c. 16, 000 BC ) sea levels everywhere were 130 metres lower, and there were large well-watered coastal plains instead of much of the northern Aegean.

Before the 20th century, most manufactured products were made individually by hand.

Before the mention of Alemanni in the time of Caracalla, you would search in vain for Alemanni in the moderately detailed geography of southern Germany in Claudius Ptolemy, written in Greek in the mid-2nd century ; it is likely that at that time, the people who later used that name were known by other designations.

Before the early 20th century, treatments for infections were based primarily on medicinal folklore.

Before Caesar's time they had attached themselves to the Romans, and were honoured with the title of brothers and kinsmen of the Roman people.

Before the arrival of the British, Rajputs, Jats, the Kathats, Cheetas and Rawat Rajputs were land-holders, as well as cultivators.

Before the Second World War, air shows were associated with long distance air races, often lasting many days and covering thousands of miles.

Before the invention of electronic amplifiers, mechanically coupled carbon microphones were also used as amplifiers in telephone repeaters for long distance service.

Before that time, all sacrifices were counted as sacrifice hits ( SH ), which included both sacrifice flies and bunts.

Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite, racquets were made of light metals such as aluminium.

Before that, and in some places thereafter, bikes were known primarily as velocipedes .< ref >

Before the mid-1960s, computers were extremely expensive and used only for special-purpose tasks.

Before this time bricks were generally made close to their point of intended use.

Before this discovery, it is widely believed that bricks appeared about 3000 years ago in the Western Zhou dynasty since the earliest bricks were found in Western Zhou ruins.

Before Broadway became one-way, the main bus routes along it were the New York City Omnibus Company's ( NYCO ) 6 ( Broadway below Times Square ), 7 ( Broadway and Columbus Avenue ), and 11 ( Ninth and Amsterdam Avenues ), and the Surface Transportation Corporation's M100 ( Kingsbridge ) and M104 ( Broadway Branch ).

Before the rise of the mendicant orders ( wandering friars ) in the thirteenth century, the daily services were usually contained in a number of large volumes.

Before the advent of printing, breviaries were written by hand and were often richly decorated with initials and miniature illustrations telling stories in the lives of Christ or the saints, or stories from the Bible.