San Marino finally had to make a choice on February 5, 1797, when, with the arrival of a letter from General Louis Alexandre Berthier addressed to the Regents, it was required to arrest and consign the Bishop of Rimini, Monsignor Vincenzo Ferretti, accused of instigating crimes against the French, who fled with all his possessions to San Marino.

Napoleon had left Berthier with only 170, 000 men to defend France's entire eastern frontier ( in the 1790s, 800, 000 men had carried out the same task, but holding a much shorter front ).

Generals Daru, Dumas and Marshal Louis Alexandre Berthier also joined in and told the Emperor that everyone thought the time had come for the Guard to be committed to battle.

Bonaparte had by then arrived with the reserve, but Berthier ’ s troops began to fall back on the main vine belts.

By a daring crossing of the Alps with his Army of the Reserve ( officially commanded by Louis Alexandre Berthier ) in mid-May 1800 almost before the passes were open, Napoleon ( who crossed on a mule ) had threatened Melas's lines of communications in northern Italy.

Berthier suggests that time had to be given to Desaix and Boudet's division to occupy their positions: " The enemy general misinterpreted this maneuver and thought the army was in full retreat, while in reality it was only executing a movement of conversion.

He was seconded by Major Général ( Chief of Staff ), 56-year-old Maréchal d ' Empire Louis-Alexandre Berthier, a seasoned officer, who had been serving as Napoleon's Chief of Staff since 1796.

Never married, Cailebotte appears to have had a serious relationship with Charlotte Berthier, a woman eleven years his junior and of the lower class, to whom he left a sizable annuity.

Her brother, Nicholas Joseph Clary, was created 1st Count Clary and married Anne Jeanne Rouyer, by whom he had Zénaïde Françoise Clary ( Paris, 25 November 1812 – Paris, 27 April 1884 ), wife of Napoléon Berthier de Wagram, 2nd duc de Wagram ( 10 September 1810 – 10 February 1887 ), son of Marshal Berthier, and had issue.

When he reached Italy, the treaty of Campo Formio had been signed, and Bonaparte had returned to France ; but, under the direction of Berthier, MacDonald occupied Rome, of which he was made governor, and then in conjunction with Championnet he defeated General Mack, and took the Kingdom of Naples, which became known as the Parthenopaean Republic.

As to the short Mle 1890 and Mle 1892 Berthier carbine, they had already been issued to cavalry, artillery, machine gun and engineering troops long before the outbreak of World War I.

The Roman Republic () was proclaimed on 15 February 1798 after Louis Alexandre Berthier, a general of Napoleon, had invaded the city of Rome on 10 February.

Whereas Napoleon had written to Berthier that an Austrian attack before 15 April should be met by a general French concentration around Donauwörth and Augsburg, Berthier focused on a sentence that called for Davout to station his III Corps around Regensburg and ordered the Iron Marshal to move back to the city despite massive Austrian pressure.

Back in Egypt Lasalle had been intimately connected with Joséphine Berthier, wife of General Victor-Leopold Berthier, the then Minister of War and Chief of Staff.

* Marshal Berthier, Prince de Wagram – 1809 ( extinct 1918 ) – also duc de Valengin, and Prince de Neuchâtel ( a sovereign title granted in 1806 ), neither of which were victory titles.

The Lebel and Berthier rifles could also be equipped with a removable VB ( Viven-Bessieres ) rifle grenade launcher.

In addition to numerous contributions in mineralogy and mining, Berthier is also noted for his research into blast furnaces and for the utilization of phosphates by plants.

Many French generals, such as Masséna, MacDonald, Davout, Soult, Lannes, Oudinot, and Berthier also appear ( and give a significant advantage to France ).

The electoral district was created in 2003: 83. 3 % of the population of the riding came from Laurentides, 9. 3 % from Berthier — Montcalm and 7. 4 % from Argenteuil — Papineau — Mirabel ridings.

The riding was created in 1924 from Berthier and Maskinongé.

It was created again in 1966 from Berthier — Maskinongé — delanaudière, Joliette — L ' Assomption — Montcalm and Terrebonne ridings.

It was created by the British North America Act of 1867, and was abolished in 1924 when it was merged into Berthier — Maskinongé riding.

A second " Berthier " riding was created in 1966.

It was created by the British North America Act of 1867, and was amalgamated into the Berthier — Maskinongé electoral district in 1924.

This riding was created in 1933 from parts of Berthier — Maskinongé, Champlain, Joliette, L ' Assomption — Montcalm, Pontiac, and Three Rivers and St. Maurice ridings.

This riding was created in 1952 from Berthier — Maskinongé.

This riding was created in 1987 from Berthier — Maskinongé — Lanaudière riding.

Bonaparte needed to depart for Paris urgently and the next morning sent Berthier on a surprise visit to Austrian headquarters.

In revenge for the murder of General < span lang =" fr "> Duphot </ span > ( 28 December 1797 ), they sent < span lang =" fr "> Berthier </ span > to invade the Papal States and erect the Roman Republic.

The last type of Lebel military issue ammunition to be introduced was the Cartouche Mle 1932N, using a steel and cupro-nickel jacketed spitzer boat-tailed bullet which was only suitable for Lebel and Berthier rifles marked " N " on top of the receiver and barrel.

This large illustrated volume ( in French ) contains the detailed technical history and production statistics for the Lebel rifle as well as detailed technical accounts on the Chassepot, Gras, Kropatschek and Berthier weapons and how they came to be designed and manufactured.

Remington produced M1907-15 Berthier rifles for France, Pattern 1914 Enfield rifles for Britain, and Model 1891 Mosin-Nagant rifles for Imperial Russia.

The treaty was concluded on October 1, 1800 between Louis Alexandre Berthier representing France and Don Mariano Luis de Urquijo for Spain.

In 1904 Auguste Berthier came forward to claim due credit for the first publication of this concept.

The accession of Napoleon Bonaparte to power in November 1799 ( the " 18 Brumaire coup ") led to the employment of Daru as chief commissary to the Army of Reserve intended for Northern Italy, and commanded nominally by Louis Alexandre Berthier, but really by the First Consul.

** The Ateliers Berthier, on the boulevard of the same name, the annex of the Opéra and its fabrication workshops for decorations and storage of costumes and scenery.

Cotret resigned his Senate seat in order to run for a seat in the House of Commons in the riding of Berthier — Maskinongé, but was defeated in the 1980 election along with the Clark government.

In 1857 he married Zoë Berthier, an army officer's daughter and talented writer herself, who was ten years older and a friend for some years before their marriage.

Please see the article on that riding for the history of Berthier during this period.

In 2002 he was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in a by-election for the Bloc Québécois in the riding Berthier — Montcalm.

During World War II, the MAS-36 was often reserved for front-line infantry units, with other troops and reservists often receiving elderly Berthier and Lebel-type rifles.

He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada in 1863 for Berthier and served until Confederation.