The Black Forest was visited on several occasions by Count Otto von Bismarck during his rule 1873-1890.

There is now a monument in Triberg dedicated to Bismarck, who apparently enjoyed the tranquility of the region, which was lacking at his residence in Berlin.

Under Bismarck, Germany was a world innovator in building the welfare state.

Unification was achieved with the formation of the German Empire in 1871 under the leadership of Prussian Chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

His most significant accomplishment was naming Otto von Bismarck as chancellor in 1862.

The obstacle to German unification was Austria, and Bismarck solved the problem with a series of wars that united the German states north of Austria.

Austria ceded Venice to Italy, but Bismarck was deliberately lenient with the loser to keep alive a long-term alliance with Austria in a subordinate role.

After Germany was united by Otto von Bismarck into the " Second German Reich ", he determined German politics until 1890.

Bismarck, again, was appointed to serve as Chancellor.

Bismarck saw the Kulturkampf as a means of stopping this trend, which was led by the Catholic clergy in West Prussia, Poznania and Silesia.

The culture war gave secularists and socialists an opportunity to attack all religions, an outcome that distressed the Protestants, including Bismarck, who was a devout pietistic Protestant.

The Catholic anti-liberalism was led by Pope Pius IX ; his death in 1878 allowed Bismarck to open negotiations with Pope Leo XIII, and led to the abandonment of the Kulturkampf in stages in the early 1880s.

In 1879, Bismarck formed a Dual Alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary, with the aim of mutual military assistance in the case of an attack from Russia, which was not satisfied with the agreement reached at the Congress of Berlin.

In fact, it was Bismarck himself who helped initiate the Berlin Conference of 1885.

He was the antithesis of old, conservative Germans like Bismarck, addicted to the new imperialism that was taking place in Asia and Africa.

After the removal of Bismarck, foreign policy was in the hands of the erratic Kaiser, who played an increasingly reckless hand, and the powerful foreign office under the leadership of Friedrich von Holstein.

* was an Admiral-class battlecruiser launched in 1918 and sunk in 1941 by the German battleship Bismarck and heavy cruiser Prinz Eugen in the Battle of the Denmark Strait.

The latter was so much pleased with Abeken's work that officials started to call Abeken " the quill the scribe of Bismarck.

He was much employed by Bismarck in the writing of official despatches, and stood high in the favour of King William, whom he often accompanied on his journeys as representative of the foreign office.

Bismarck was influenced by Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors at Friedrichsruh.

Krupp ’ s paternalist strategy was adoped by Bismarck as government policy, as a preventive against the Social Democratics.

From 1875 the former bridlepath was embellished as a boulevard with a breadth of on the personal initiative of chancellor Otto von Bismarck, who also proposed the building of the Grunewald mansions colony at its western end.

William III, king of the Netherlands, which still had sovereignty over Luxembourg, was willing to sell the grand duchy to France's Emperor Napoleon III in order to retain Limbourg but backed out when Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck expressed opposition.

The Old Catholic Church in Germany received some support from the new German Empire of Otto von Bismarck, whose policy was increasingly hostile towards the Catholic Church in the 1870s and 1880s.

The inferiority of the Mauser M71 / 84 and its 11mm black powder ammunition was one reason why Bismarck opposed going to war with France that winter, despite being pressed by the War Minister Waldersee.

There are five separate U. S. installations: Shipton Kaserne, home to 412th Aviation Support Battalion, Katterbach Kaserne, formally the home of the 1st Infantry Division's 4th Combat Aviation Brigade, which has been replaced by the 12th Combat Aviation Brigade as of 2006, as part of the 1st Infantry Division's return to Fort Riley, Kansas ; Bismarck Kaserne, which functions as a satellite post to Katterbach, hosting their Post Exchange, Theater, Barracks, Franconia Inn, Military Police, and other support agencies, Barton Barracks, home to the USAG Ansbach and Bleidorn Barracks, which has a library and housing.

In the kind of constitutional monarchy established under the Constitution of the German Empire which Bismarck inspired, the Kaiser retained considerable actual executive power, and the Prime Minister needed no parliamentary vote of confidence and ruled solely by the imperial mandate.

Die Proklamation des Deutschen Kaiserreiches by Anton von Werner ( 1877 ), depicting the proclamation of the foundation of the German Reich ( 18 January 1871, Palace of Versailles ). Left, on the podium ( in black ): Crown Prince Frederick ( later Frederick III, German Emperor | Frederick III ), his father Emperor William I, German Emperor | William I, and Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden | Frederick I of Baden, proposing a toast to the new emperor. Centre ( in white ): Otto von Bismarck, first Chancellor of Germany, Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, Prussian Chief of Staff.

The Berlin Conference ( 1884 ) headed by Otto von Bismarck that regulated European colonization in Africa during the New Imperialism period

On the domestic front Bismarck tried to stem the rise of socialism by anti-socialist laws, combined with an introduction of health care and social security.

From 1878, Bismarck tried to repress the social democratic movement by outlawing the party's organisation, its assemblies and most of its newspapers.

Bismarck further won the support of both industry and skilled workers by his high tariff policies, which protected profits and wages from American competition, although they alienated the liberal intellectuals who wanted free trade.

German foreign policy as espoused by Otto von Bismarck had been to deflect the interest of great powers abroad while Germany consolidated her integration and military strength.

Bismarck designed and created the German Empire in 1871, becoming its first Chancellor and largely controlling its affairs until he was removed by Kaiser ( Emperor ) William II in 1890.

The world saw Bismarck as a typical Prussian Junker — an image which he encouraged by wearing military uniforms.

Although Bismarck hoped to become a diplomat, he started his practical training as a lawyer in Aachen and Potsdam, and soon resigned, having first placed his career in jeopardy by taking unauthorized leave to pursue two English girls, first Laura Russell, niece of the Duke of Cleveland, and then Isabella Loraine-Smith, daughter of a wealthy clergyman.

Johanna was a shy, retiring and deeply religious woman — although famed for her sharp tongue in later life — and in his public life Bismarck was sometimes accompanied by his sister Malwine (" Malle ") von Arnim.

The monarch, though initially inclined to use armed forces to suppress the rebellion, ultimately declined to leave Berlin for the safety of military headquarters at Potsdam ( Bismarck later recorded that there had been a " rattling of sabres in their scabbards " from Prussian officers when they learned that the King would not suppress the revolution by force ).

Bismarck was also horrified by Prussia's isolation during the Crimean War of the mid-1850s ( in which Austria sided with Britain and France against Russia ; Prussia was almost not invited to the peace talks in Paris ).

However, in the 1850s Bismarck correctly foresaw that by failing to support Russia ( after Russian help in crushing the Hungarian Revolt in 1849, and at Olmütz in 1850, the Austrian leader Schwarzenberg had said that " Austria would astonish the world by the depth of her ingratitude ") Austria could no longer count on Russian support in Italy and Germany, and had thus exposed herself to attack by France and Prussia.

Bismarck worried about the growth of the socialist movement — in particular, that of the Social Democratic Party.

* Hennock, E. P. " Social Policy in the Bismarck Era: A Progress Report ," German History, ( June 2003 ) 21 # 2 pp 229 – 238 online

* Otto von Bismarck abandons his Kulturkampf and forces through legislation outlawing the Social Democrats.

Otto von Bismarck implemented a set of social programs between 1883 – 1889, following his anti-socialist laws, partly as remedial measures to appease the working class and detract support for the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

Bismarck's biographer A. J. P. Taylor said: " It would be unfair to say that Bismarck took up social welfare solely to weaken the Social Democrats ; he had had it in mind for a long time, and believed in it deeply.

When a reference was made to his friendship with Ferdinand Lassalle ( a nationalist and state-oriented socialist ), Bismarck said that he was a more practical " socialist " than the Social Democrats.

Needing to counter the Social Democratic Party, Bismarck softened his stance, especially with the election of the new Pope Leo XIII in 1878, and tried to justify his actions to the now numerous Catholic representatives by stating that the presence of Poles ( who are predominantly Catholic ) within German borders required that such measures be taken.

From 1864 to 1865, Liebknecht also worked on the magazine " Der Social-Demokrat " (" the Social Democrat ") published by Jean Baptista von Schweitzer ; however, he soon found himself in disagreement with the paper's friendly position toward Prussia and its new Minister-President, Otto von Bismarck.

In 1881, here in Berlin, Otto von Bismarck started the world's first modern pay-as-you-go social security system which served as the model for the U. S. Social Security system and that of many other countries, including setting the retirement age at 65.

Wehler has been especially critical of what calls Otto von Bismarck's strategy of “ negative integration ” by which Bismarck sought to create a sense of Deutschtum ( Germanism ) and consolidate his power by subjecting various minority groups such as Roman Catholics, Alsatians, Poles, and Social Democrats to discriminatory laws.

For Hillgruber, the continuities of the " Bismarck Reich " were a certain mentalité amongst German elites, namely a Weltanschuauung ( world view ) that emphasized an " either-or " outlook on international relations, Social Darwinism, a deterministic understanding of history, and dreams of worldwide expansionism.

The Social Democratic, National Liberal and Centre Parties were all involved in the beginnings of social legislation, but it was Bismarck who established the first practical aspects of this program.

The program of the Social Democrats included all of the programs that Bismarck eventually implemented, but also included programs designed to preempt the programs championed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels.

Bismarck had originally proposed that the Federal Government should pay a portion of the accident insurance contribution to show the willingness of the German government to lessen the hardship experienced by the German workers as a means of weaning them away from the various left-wing parties, most importantly the Social Democrats.

As a result of this the Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) was founded and soon outlawed under the first chancellor of the German empire Otto von Bismarck.