British explorer David Thompson was the first European to navigate the entire length of the Columbia River in 1811.

This agreement, the first Afghan pact with a European power, stipulated joint action in case of Franco-Persian aggression against Afghan or British dominions.

British Columbian introduced species include: common dandelion, ring-necked pheasant, Pacific oyster, brown trout, black slug, European Starling, cowbird, knapweed, bullfrog, purple loosestrife, Scotch broom, Himalayan blackberry, European earwig, tent caterpillar, sowbug, gray squirrel, Asian longhorn beetle, English ivy, Fallow Deer, thistle, gorse, Norway rat, crested mynah, and Asian or European gypsy moth.

Other large ethnic groups include those of British and other European origin.

About half of those are located on the European continent, rather than on the British Isles.

The Liberals became the first of the major British political parties to advocate British membership of the European Economic Community.

Jenkins argued the necessity for a realignment in British politics, and discussed whether this could be brought about from within the existing Liberal Party, or from a new group driven by European principles of social democracy.

In Taverne's case, he had been fighting efforts by the Lincoln Constituency Labour Party to deselect him largely over his support for British membership of the European Communities.

In America a distinction is drawn between ballads that are versions of European, particularly British and Irish songs, and ' native American ballads ', developed without reference to earlier songs.

Despite significant efforts, British control of Northern European waters rendered these ambitions impractical in the short term, and the Royal Navy remained firmly in control of the Atlantic Ocean.

* Blair, Alasdair M. " The British iron and steel industry since 1945 ," Journal of European Economic History Winter 1997, Vol.

" The European Steel Unions and the Steel Crisis, 1974-84: A Study in the Demise of Traditional Unionism ," British Journal of Political Science, Apr 1988, Vol.

Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.

Following the move on harmonisation of the standard in Europe, some British Standards are gradually superseded or replaced by the relevant European Standards ( EN ).

Many British Standards ( BSs ) – as well as some of the European and International Standards that were adopted as British Standards ( BS EN, BS ISO ) – are also available in public and university libraries in the United Kingdom.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

Accounts of the Ethiopian artillery deployed at Adwa differ ; Russian advisor Leonid Artamonov wrote that it comprised 42 Russian mountain guns supported by a team of fifteen advisers, but British historians suggest that the Ethiopian guns were Hotchiss and Maxim pieces captured from the Egyptians or purchased from French and other European suppliers.

European control of the Bandas was contested up until 1667 when, under the Treaty of Breda ( 1667 ), the British traded the small island of Run for Manhattan, giving the Dutch full control of the Banda archipelago.

In a landmark case, the European Court of Justice ( ECJ ) ruled on 5 July 1994 against the British practice of importing produce from northern Cyprus based on certificates of origin and phytosanitary certificates granted by the de facto authorities.

Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent ( particularly by the British, Icelanders and other European island nations ), is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands.

International and domestic services are maintained by TAAG Angola Airlines, Aeroflot, British Airways, Brussels Airlines, Lufthansa, Air France, Air Namibia, Cubana, Ethiopian Airlines, Emirates, Delta Air Lines, Royal Air Maroc, Iberia, Hainan Airlines, Kenya Airways, South African Airways, TAP Air Portugal and several regional carriers.

* 1947 – A British South American Airways Avro Lancastrian airliner crashes into a mountain during a flight from Buenos Aires, Argentina to Santiago, Chile.

* Aquila Airways, a British flying boat operator ( 1948 – 1958 )

* British Airways, flag carrier airline of the United Kingdom

Both were Avro Tudor IV passenger aircraft operated by British South American Airways.

Major established companies that fly to Croatia include the domestic Croatia Airlines ( member of the Star Alliance ), Air France, Lufthansa and British Airways.

Over this period, except for the war years, during which he served with the United States Air Force, he developed British Guiana Airways Ltd. ( registered 27 May, 1938 ) and operating regular internal services since 1939.

On 15 July 1955, the Government purchased British Guiana Airways.

Heathrow is the primary hub for British Airways and the primary operating base for Virgin Atlantic Airways.

* 1990 – British Airways Flight 5390 lands safely at Southampton Airport after a blowout in the cockpit causes the captain to be sucked from the cockpit, no one dies.

* 1982 – " The Jakarta Incident ": British Airways Flight 9 flies into a cloud of volcanic ash thrown up by the eruption of Mount Galunggung, resulting in the failure of all four engines.

* 1943 – British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 777 is shot down over the Bay of Biscay by German Junkers Ju 88s, killing actor Leslie Howard and leading to speculation the downing was an attempt to kill British Prime Minister Winston Churchill.

* 2008 – British Airways Flight 38 crash lands just short of London Heathrow Airport in England with no fatalities.

Other airlines operating flights to and from Luxembourg include British Airways, KLM, SAS, Swiss European Air Lines, and TAP Portugal.

Even though Mauritius was a British colony, the British Overseas Airways Corporation ( B. O. A. C ) began to come to Mauritius only from 1962.

The Mauritian government, British Airways, Air France and Air India were the initial stakeholders in this initiative, with Rogers an active supporter.

* British Mediterranean Airways, an airline in the United Kingdom

* 1977 – British Airways inaugurates a regular London to New York City supersonic Concorde service.

* 1957 – Vickers Viscount G-AOHP of British European Airways crashes at Ballerup after the failure of three engines on approach to Copenhagen Airport.

* 1968 – British European Airways introduces the BAC One-Eleven into commercial service.

British scout aircraft, in this sense, included the Sopwith Tabloid and Bristol Scout.

He was likewise awarded an Honorary Doctor of Laws by the Universities of Bristol, Belfast, Melbourne, British Columbia, McGill, Montreal, Royal University of Malta, Laval, Quebec, Tasmania, Cambridge, Harvard, Leeds, Adelaide, Queensland, Edinburgh, Birmingham, Drury and California.

* 1939 – World War II: a Bristol Blenheim is the first British aircraft to cross the German coast following the declaration of war and German ships are bombed.

In 1960 the aircraft interests were merged with those of the Bristol, English Electric Company and Hunting Aircraft to form the British Aircraft Corporation.

The greatest of “ the great men of England ,” the last and noblest of the Romans, was considered the embodiment of virtue, wisdom, patriotism, liberty, and temperance ... Pitt, “ glorious and immortal ,” the “ guardian of America ,” was the idol of the colonies ... A Son of Liberty in Bristol County, Massachussetts paid him the ultimate tribute of identification with English liberty: “ Our toast in general is ,— Magna Charta, the British Constitution ,— and Liberty forever !”

* December 23 – Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol, British admiral and politician ( b. 1724 )

* May 19 – Augustus Hervey, 3rd Earl of Bristol, British admiral and politician ( d. 1779 )

* August 31 – George Hervey, 2nd Earl of Bristol, British statesman ( d. 1775 )

He attended several of the earlier meetings of the British Association at York, Oxford, Dublin and Bristol.

In a speech to the electorate at Bristol in 1774, Edmund Burke described the British Parliament as a " deliberative assembly ," and the expression became the basic term for a body of persons meeting to discuss and determine common action.

Aircraft production operations were absorbed into Hawker Siddeley and its engine operations into Bristol Siddeley, as part of the rationalisation of British aircraft manufacturers, and the Blackburn name was dropped completely in 1963.

Unsustainable losses as a result of the loss of the Libyan oil industry support flight contract, increasing competition from roll-on / roll-off ferries and the lack of suitable replacements for the ageing Bristol Freighters resulted in growing financial difficulties, culminating in Silver City's takeover by British United Airways ( BUA ) holding company Air Holdings in 1962.

Aardman Animations, Ltd., also known as Aardman Studios, or simply as Aardman, is a British animation studio based in Bristol, United Kingdom.

The Danish Navy had 6 Søløven class torpedo boats ( the export version of the British Brave class fast patrol boat ) in service from 1965 to 1990 ) which had 3 Bristol Proteus ( later RR Proteus ) Marine Gas Turbines rated at combined, plus two General Motors Diesel engines, rated at, for better fuel economy at slower speeds.

The Bristol Aeroplane Company, originally the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, was both one of the first and one of the most important British aviation companies, designing and manufacturing both airframes and aero engines.

In 1959 Bristol Aircraft merged with several major British aircraft companies to form the British Aircraft Corporation ( BAC ), and Bristol Aero Engines merged with Armstrong Siddeley to form Bristol Siddeley.

The British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, Ltd was founded in February 1910 by Sir George White, chairman of the Bristol Tramway and Carriage Company, along with his son Stanley and his brother Samuel, to commercially exploit the fast-growing aviation sector.

A flying school was also established, with premises at Brooklands, then the centre of activity for British aviation, where Bristol rented a hangar, and at Larkhill on Salisbury Plain, where in June 1910 a school was established on of land leased from the War Office.

Its products had always been referred to by the name ' Bristol ' and this was formalized in 1920, when British and Colonial was liquidated and its assets became the Bristol Aeroplane Company, Ltd. At this time the Company, acting under a certain amount of pressure from the Air Ministry, bought the aero-engine division of the bankrupt Cosmos Engineering Company, also of Bristol, to form the nucleus of its new aero-engine operations.