British explorer David Thompson was the first European to navigate the entire length of the Columbia River in 1811.

This agreement, the first Afghan pact with a European power, stipulated joint action in case of Franco-Persian aggression against Afghan or British dominions.

British Columbian introduced species include: common dandelion, ring-necked pheasant, Pacific oyster, brown trout, black slug, European Starling, cowbird, knapweed, bullfrog, purple loosestrife, Scotch broom, Himalayan blackberry, European earwig, tent caterpillar, sowbug, gray squirrel, Asian longhorn beetle, English ivy, Fallow Deer, thistle, gorse, Norway rat, crested mynah, and Asian or European gypsy moth.

Other large ethnic groups include those of British and other European origin.

About half of those are located on the European continent, rather than on the British Isles.

The Liberals became the first of the major British political parties to advocate British membership of the European Economic Community.

Jenkins argued the necessity for a realignment in British politics, and discussed whether this could be brought about from within the existing Liberal Party, or from a new group driven by European principles of social democracy.

In Taverne's case, he had been fighting efforts by the Lincoln Constituency Labour Party to deselect him largely over his support for British membership of the European Communities.

In America a distinction is drawn between ballads that are versions of European, particularly British and Irish songs, and ' native American ballads ', developed without reference to earlier songs.

Despite significant efforts, British control of Northern European waters rendered these ambitions impractical in the short term, and the Royal Navy remained firmly in control of the Atlantic Ocean.

* Blair, Alasdair M. " The British iron and steel industry since 1945 ," Journal of European Economic History Winter 1997, Vol.

" The European Steel Unions and the Steel Crisis, 1974-84: A Study in the Demise of Traditional Unionism ," British Journal of Political Science, Apr 1988, Vol.

Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.

Following the move on harmonisation of the standard in Europe, some British Standards are gradually superseded or replaced by the relevant European Standards ( EN ).

Many British Standards ( BSs ) – as well as some of the European and International Standards that were adopted as British Standards ( BS EN, BS ISO ) – are also available in public and university libraries in the United Kingdom.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

Accounts of the Ethiopian artillery deployed at Adwa differ ; Russian advisor Leonid Artamonov wrote that it comprised 42 Russian mountain guns supported by a team of fifteen advisers, but British historians suggest that the Ethiopian guns were Hotchiss and Maxim pieces captured from the Egyptians or purchased from French and other European suppliers.

European control of the Bandas was contested up until 1667 when, under the Treaty of Breda ( 1667 ), the British traded the small island of Run for Manhattan, giving the Dutch full control of the Banda archipelago.

In a landmark case, the European Court of Justice ( ECJ ) ruled on 5 July 1994 against the British practice of importing produce from northern Cyprus based on certificates of origin and phytosanitary certificates granted by the de facto authorities.

Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent ( particularly by the British, Icelanders and other European island nations ), is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands.

The New Testament offered to the public today is the first result of the work of a joint committee made up of representatives of the Church of England, Church of Scotland, Methodist Church, Congregational Union, Baptist Union, Presbyterian Church of England, Churches in Wales, Churches in Ireland, Society of Friends, British and Foreign Bible Society and National Society of Scotland.

Since Henry VIII broke with Rome, the Archbishops of Canterbury have been selected by the English ( British since the Act of Union in 1707 ) monarch.

* Athletic Union, the union of sports clubs in a British university

When the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910 out of the main British colonies in the region, the Bechuanaland Protectorate, Basutoland ( now Lesotho ), and Swaziland ( the " High Commission Territories ") were not included, but provision was made for

Some saw the 1891 team — the first sanctioned by the Rugby Football Union — as the English national team, though others referred to it as " the British Isles ".

Some atheist organizations, such as the Italian Union of Rationalist Atheists and Agnostics and the British National Secular Society, offer certificates of " debaptism ".

Following the rapid change from a loose formation to a rigid line of battle both fleets raised their colours ; each British ship added additional Union Flags in its rigging in case its main flag was shot away.

Additional awards were presented to the British fleet: Nelson was awarded £ 2, 000 (£ as of ) a year for life by the Parliament of Great Britain and £ 1, 000 per annum by the Parliament of Ireland, although the latter was inadvertently discontinued after the Act of Union dissolved the Irish Parliament.

The Maritz Rebellion or the Boer Revolt or the Five Shilling Rebellion or the Third Boer War, occurred in South Africa in 1914 at the start of World War I, in which men who supported the re-creation of the old Boer republics rose up against the government of the Union of South Africa because they did not want to side with the British against Germany so soon after they had had a long bloody war with the British.

He was convicted as a rebel when, as an officer in the Union Defence Force, he refused to take up arms with the British.

The old established form of English and, after the Act of Union, British conservatism, was the Tory Party.

It had not succeeded in converting the British public to unilateralism and even after the collapse of the Soviet Union British nuclear weapons still have majority support.

British citizens were by far the most numerous population to migrate to the colonies: 2. 5 million settled in Canada ; 1. 5 million in Australia ; 750, 000 in New Zealand ; 450, 000 in the Union of South Africa ; and 200, 000 in India.

This combination of events, coupled with an ongoing decline in British military and economic support to the region as the Home Office favoured newer colonial endeavours in Africa and elsewhere, led to a call among Maritime politicians for a conference on Maritime Union, to be held in early September 1864 in Charlottetown-chosen in part because of Prince Edward Island's reluctance to give up its jurisdictional sovereignty in favour of uniting with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia into a single colony.

* 1931 – The British Parliament enacts the Statute of Westminster 1931, establishing legislative equality between the self-governing dominions of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Irish Free State, Dominion of Newfoundland, the Dominion of New Zealand, and the Union of South Africa.

Examples include Jamie Baillie, former CEO of Credit Union Atlantic, Graham Day, former CEO of British Shipbuilders, Sean Durfy, former CEO of WestJet, and Charles Peter McColough, former president and CEO of Xerox.

During the American Civil War ( 1861 – 1865 ), the Union feared that the seceded Confederate States of America ( CSA ) would plan a northerly attack from Canada, which was still owned by the British Empire and remained neutral in the war.

Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1 Abrams tank.

Equipment from the Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern U. S., French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1A1 Abrams tank which makes Egypt the owner of the second largest number of latest generation main battle tanks in the region after Israel, and the second after Syria in case of the older generations.

It consisted of three Italian MEPs ( Lega Nord two, Sardinian Action Party one ), two Spanish MEPs ( one each for the PNV and the Andalusian Party, PA ), one Belgian MEP ( for VU ), one French MEP ( Union of the Corsican People, UPC ), one British MEP ( SNP ) and one Irish MEP ( Neil Blaney, independent ).

The trial ran on 19 October 2010 with a Class 406 ICE train specially liveried with a British " Union flag " decal.

The British troops, after taking some casualties, managed to regroup and launch several assaults on the position before they forced their way inside and the small rebel force in the tin huts at the eastern end of the Union surrendered.