Expressive aphasia was first identified by the French neurologist Paul Broca.

Broca's Area was first suggested to play a role in speech function by the French neurologist and anthropologist Paul Broca in 1861.

In single-word-recognition tasks, non-stutterers showed cortical activation first in occipital areas, then in left inferior-frontal regions such as Broca ’ s area, and finally, in motor and premotor cortices.

In 1859, in association with Étienne Eugène Azam, Charles-Pierre Denonvilliers, François Anthime Eugène Follin, and Alfred Armand Louis Marie Velpeau, Broca performed the first experiments in Europe using hypnotism as surgical anesthesia.

One of the first people to draw a connection between a particular brain area and language processing was Paul Broca, a French surgeon who conducted autopsies on numerous individuals who had speaking deficiencies, and found that most of them had brain damage ( or lesions ) on the left frontal lobe, in an area now known as Broca's area.

Expressive aphasia, first described by the French neurologist Paul Broca in the nineteenth century, causes the speech of those afflicted to display a considerable vocabulary but to show grammatical deficits.

The French physician Paul Broca first called this part of the brain in 1878, but most of its putative role in emotion was developed only in 1937 when the American physician James Papez described his anatomical model of emotion, the Papez circuit.

Broca was essentially the first to fully break away from the ideas of phrenology and delve deeper into a more scientific and psychological view of the brain.

The limbic lobe was separated from the remainder of the cortex by Broca for two reasons: first that it is not convoluted, and second that the gyri are directed parasagittally ( contrary to the transverse gyrification ).

The first language area within the left hemisphere to be discovered is Broca's area, named after Paul Broca, who discovered the area while studying patients with aphasia, a language disorder.

* The Broca Divide, a first season episode of the television series Stargate SG-1

* One writer who defied any attempt at classification was Pierre Gripari who first wrote truculent, colorful genre novels, such as La Vie, la Mort et la Resurrection de Socrate-Marie Gripotard Death And Resurrection Of Socrate-Marie Gripotard ( 1968 ), about a Candide-like superman and L ' Incroyable Equipée de Phosphore Noloc Incredible Voyage Of Phosphore Noloc ( 1964 ), an homage to Jules Verne in which the hero discovers that our cosmos is really inside a woman's womb, before penning modern fairy tales such as Contes de la Rue Broca Of Broca Street ( 1967 ), which became very popular in the 1980s.

Paul Broca was the first to note that the left hemisphere of the brain appeared to be localized for language function, particularly for right handed patients.

Cartouche was the first of a series of major box office hits by de Broca, including L ' Homme de Rio ( 1964 ) and Les Tribulations d ' un chinois en Chine ( 1965 ).

In parallel with this research, work with brain-damaged patients by Paul Broca suggested that certain regions of the brain were responsible for certain functions.

Subsequently a Cardassian named Broca became Legate and puppet ruler of Cardassia with his information, and after treason within the Revolt, the Dominion crushed it and forced Damar into hiding.

Studies utilizing positron-emission tomography ( PET ) have found during tasks that invoke disfluent speech, stutterers show hypoactivity in cortical areas associated with language processing, such as Broca ’ s area, but hyperactivity in areas associated with motor function.

After two years with Gerdy, Broca became his assistant.

Broca was rather inspired with the whole idea of evolution.

In parallel with his medical career, Broca pursued his interest in anthropology.

Although history credits this discovery to Broca, another French neurologist, Marc Dax, made similar observations a generation earlier, but he died shortly after with no chance to further his evidence.

Broca played a major role in the localization of function debate, by resolving the issue scientifically with Leborgne and his 12 cases thereafter.

Jean-Claude Fournier, Nic Broca and especially Janry ( Jean-Richard Geurts ) showed in this series graphic styles that tried to mimic with varying degrees of success the features of Franquin ’ s style.

The holistic tradition ( e. g., Pierre Marie ) maintained that the brain was a homogeneous organ with no specific subparts whereas the localizationists ( e. g., Paul Broca ) argued that the brain was organized in functionally distinct cortical areas which were each specialized to process a given type of information or implement specific mental operations.

Evidence for functionally distinct areas of the brain ( and, specifically, of the cerebral cortex ) mounted throughout the 19th century with discoveries by Paul Broca of the language center ( 1861 ), and Gustav Fritsch and Edouard Hitzig of the motor cortex ( 1871 ).

Broca ’ s area, the speech production center in the brain, was linked to being the source for speech execution problems, and with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ), Broca ’ s area was connected with speech repetition problems, which is commonly used to study anomic patients.

Broca named the limbic lobe in 1878, identifying it with the cingulate and parahippocampal gyri, and associating it with the sense of smell-Treviranus having earlier noted that, between species, the size of the parahippocampal gyrus varies with the size of the olfactory nerve.

Throughout his career de Broca worked with many giants of French cinema, among them Jean-Paul Belmondo, Patrick Dewaere, Catherine Deneuve, Daniel Auteuil, Philippe Noiret, Yves Montand and Jean Rochefort.

De Broca had a son with Marthe Keller in 1971.

In that sense, Broca was a pioneer in the study of physical anthropology.

Broca published around 223 papers on general anthropology, physical anthropology, ethnology, and other branches of this field.

The work of Broca and Wernicke established the field of aphasiology and the idea that language can be studied through examining physical characteristics of the brain.

* 2004 – Philippe de Broca, French film director ( b. 1933 )

In the latter 19th century French physical anthropologists, led by Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ), focused on craniometry while the German tradition, led by Rudolf Virchow ( 1821 – 1902 ), emphasized the influence of environment and disease upon the human body.

Gould proposed that much of the research was based more upon the racial and social prejudices of the researchers than upon their scientific objectivity ; that on occasion, researchers such as Samuel George Morton ( 1799 – 1851 ), Louis Agassiz ( 1807 – 1873 ), and Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ), committed the methodological fallacy of including their personal ( a priori ) expectations to the conclusions, as part of their analytical reasoning.

* June 28 – Paul Broca, French anthropologist ( d. 1880 )

Pierre Paul Broca ( 28 June 1824 – 9 July 1880 ) was a French physician, surgeon, anatomist, and anthropologist.

Braid ’ s work had a strong influence on a number of important French medical figures, especially Étienne Eugène Azam ( 1822 – 1899 ) of Bordeaux ( Braid ’ s principal French “ disciple ”), the anatomist Pierre Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ), the physiologist Joseph Pierre Durand de Gros ( 1826 – 1901 ), and the eminent hypnotherapist and co-founder of the Nancy School Ambroise-Auguste Liébeault ( 1823 – 1904 ).

* Pellin – Broca prism

There are many arguable debates as to who deserves the most credit for such discoveries, and oftentimes, people remain unmentioned, but Paul Broca is perhaps one of the most famous and well known contributors to neuropsychology – often referred to as “ the father ” of the discipline.

Scientific research was continued by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire ( 1772 – 1844 ) and Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ), founder of the Anthropological Society in France in 1859.

In 1873 Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ) found the same pattern described by Samuel Morton's Crania Americana by weighing brains at autopsy.

In optics, an Abbe prism, named for its inventor, the German physicist Ernst Abbe, is a type of constant deviation dispersive prism similar to a Pellin – Broca prism.

Philippe de Broca ( 15 March 1933 – 26 November 2004 ) was a French film director.

A hemiplegic patient who could not speak led Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ) to the view that functions in the cerebral cortex were anatomically localised.

* Abbe prism, a type of constant deviation dispersive prism similar to a Pellin – Broca prism

Among its leaders were Charles Bell ( 1774 – 1843 ) and François Magendie ( 1783 – 1855 ) who independently discovered the distinction between sensory and motor nerves in the spinal column, Johannes Müller ( 1801 – 1855 ) who proposed the doctrine of specific nerve energies, Emil du Bois-Reymond ( 1818 – 1896 ) who studied the electrical basis of muscle contraction, Pierre Paul Broca ( 1824 – 1880 ) and Carl Wernicke ( 1848 – 1905 ) who identified areas of the brain responsible for different aspects of language, as well as Gustav Fritsch ( 1837 – 1927 ), Eduard Hitzig ( 1839 – 1907 ), and David Ferrier ( 1843 – 1924 ) who localized sensory and motor areas of the brain.