It is also unclear why the SIVcpz endemic in the chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii ( inhabiting the Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, and Tanzania ) did not spawn an epidemic HIV-1 strain to humans, while the Democratic Republic of Congo was the main center of HIV-1 group M, a virus descended from SIVcpz strains of a subspecies ( Pan troglodytes troglodytes ) that does not exist in this country.

None of the riparian countries further upstream in the Nile basin — Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya and Tanzania — are entitled to any significant use of the water, be it for irrigation ( of particular interest to Ethiopia and Kenya ) or hydropower ( Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda ).

At a meeting in August 2006 with members of the Rwanda Patriotic Front, Wu Guanzheng, of the Communist Party of China, confirmed the intention of the People's Republic of China to fund a study into the feasibility of constructing a railway connecting at Isaka with the existing Tanzanian railway network, and running via Kigali in Rwanda through to Burundi.

At a meeting to inaugurate the Northern Corridor Transit Coordination Authority ( NCTCA ), the governments of Uganda and Burundi backed the proposed new railway from the Ugandan western railhead at Kasese into the DRC.

Additionally, Burundi has been added to a planned railway project to connect Tanzania and Rwanda.

There are proposals to build a railway from Isaka to Rwanda / Burundi.

A railway that would link Berlin to the Persian Gulf would provide Germany with a connection to its southernmost colonies in Africa, i. e. with German East Africa ( present-day Rwanda and Burundi and the mainland part of Tanzania ) and German South-West Africa ( present-day Namibia, less Walvis Bay ).

There are a number of systems of transport in Burundi, including road and water-based infrastructure, the latter of which makes use of Lake Tanganyika.

As a landlocked country, Burundi possesses no coastline, although it straddles the crest of the Nile-Congo River watershed.

This act marked the beginning of the Rwandan Genocide, while in Burundi, the death of Ntaryamira exacerbated the violence and unrest, although there was no general massacre.

It is nominally subdivided into 100 centimes, although coins have never been issued in centimes since Burundi began issuing its own currency.

In 2008, there were 30, 400 main telephone lines in use, making Burundi 178th in the world in terms of countries with the most main telephone lines in use.

In 2008, there were 480, 600 cellular phones in use, making Burundi 156th in the world in terms of countries with the most cell phones in use.

As of 2009, there were 191 internet hosts, making Burundi 189th in the world in terms of number of internet hosts.

Furthermore, there are also some airports in Burundi.

The country is landlocked, and there are currently no railways in Burundi.

Mainly or partially francophone or francosphere countries include France, Belgium ( Wallonia is almost entirely francophone, and there is a large French-speaking community in the Brussels-Capital Region and a few bordering municipalities ), Canada ( the province of Quebec is francophone, and there are large French-speaking communities in Manitoba, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and other Canadian provinces ), United States ( South / Central Louisiana and parts of Maine ), Switzerland, Haiti, the French West Indies and several countries in Africa, including Congo, Burundi, Madagascar and Rwanda, that are former French or Belgian colonies.

For example, on Henderson Avenue, a historically Irish working-class sector of Sandy Hill, there are two Housing Cooperatives: Sandy Hill Housing Coop and St. Georges Housing Cooperative / la Coopérative d ' habitation St Georges, a bilingual, multicultural coop, with residents who come from Canada, with neighbours newly arrived from Ghana, DR Congo, Morocco, Rwanda, Burundi, Poland and several Middle Eastern countries.

First displayed at Burundi in the early 1980's and exported from there, the Electric Yellow was mistakenly believed to come from Lake Tanganyika.

At the time, there were American soldiers in Burundi, two hundred kilometres south of Kigali.

Anti-Hutu attacks in neighboring Burundi by the Tutsi-led government there led a renewal in attacks against Tutsis in Rwanda in 1973, resulting in even more refugees, many seeking asylum in Uganda.

* 2004 – 156 Congolese Tutsi refugees are massacred at the Gatumba refugee camp in Burundi.

Natural hazards are posed in Burundi by flooding and landslides.

* 1962 – Burundi, Jamaica, Rwanda and Trinidad and Tobago are admitted to the United Nations.

In the late 19th century, Imperial Germany conquered the regions that are now Tanzania ( minus Zanzibar ), Rwanda, and Burundi, and incorporated them into German East Africa.

Other spoken languages are Indian languages, especially Gujarati, and Portuguese ( spoken by Indians and Mozambican blacks, respectively ) and to a lesser extent French ( from neighbouring Rwanda, Burundi and Democratic Republic of the Congo ).

The origins of Burundi are known from a mix of oral history and archaeology.

There are two main founding legends for Burundi.

School uniforms are compulsory for school children in Burundi.

The Hutu are the largest of the three main population divisions in Burundi and Rwanda.

According to the Central Intelligence Agency, 84 % of Rwandans and 85 % of Burundians are Hutu, with Tutsis the next largest ethnic group at 15 % and 14 % of residents in Rwanda and Burundi, respectively.

In Burundi, Tutsis, who are the minority, maintained control of the government and military.

They are the second largest population division among the three largest groups in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu ( largest ) and the Twa ( smallest ).

German East Africa () was a German colony in East Africa, which included what are now: Burundi,: Rwanda and Tanganyika ( the mainland part of present Tanzania ).

Currently for Burundi, ISO 3166-2 codes are defined for 17 provinces.

They are regionally extinct in Burundi and Lesotho, and they may have lived in Algeria in the Neolithic Era.

* Africa's hundreds of ethnic groups are subsumed into 53 nation states, often leading to ethnic conflict and separatism, including in Angola, Algeria, Burundi, Congo and The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Darfur in Sudan, Ethiopia, Senegal, Somalia, South Africa, Uganda, Western Sahara and Zimbabwe.

( Christianity, a public holiday in Austria, Belgium, Benin, Bosnia, Burundi, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Mauritius, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Senegal, Seychelles, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Togo, and Vanuatu ), and its related observances:

The farthest headwaters of the Nile, the Ruvyironza River, has its source in Burundi.

The 1993 embargo placed on Burundi by regional states hurt diplomatic relations with its neighbors ; relations have improved since the 1999 suspension of these sanctions.

Burundi is one of the few countries in Africa, along with its closely linked neighbour Rwanda among others, to be a direct territorial continuation of a pre-colonial era African state.

Air Burundi, the national airline of Burundi, has its head office in Bujumbura.

This gave Rwanda and Burundi to the German Empire as colonial spheres of interest in exchange for its renouncing all claims on Uganda.

Uganda's vital link to the port of Mombasa is now mainly by road, which serves its transport needs and also those of its neighbors-Rwanda, Burundi, and parts of Congo and South Sudan.

Later, exiled Tutsis from Burundi invaded Rwanda, prompting Rwanda to close its border with Burundi.

Belgium retains special ( important ) but often stormy relationships with its former colonies, Congo, Rwanda and Burundi.

For the next twelve years he directed the UN refugee agency through one of its most difficult periods, coordinating the international response to the 1971 Bangladesh crisis that uprooted people, the 1972 exodus of hundreds of thousands of Hutus from Burundi to Tanzania, and the Indochinese boat people tragedy of the mid-1970s.

In March 2007, President of Burundi Pierre Nkurunziza announced that Burundi is planning to bring back its capital city to Gitega, saying that it is in a better location for a capital than Bujumbura.

Burundi chose to retain its monarchy ,.

Burundi ’ s first multi-party national elections were held on June 27, 1993, thirty-one years after the country gained its independence from Belgium in 1962.

A 1996 UN report into Ndadaye's assassination and its aftermath, concluded that " acts of genocide against the Tutsi minority were committed in Burundi in October 1993 ".

The Union for National Progress (, UPRONA ) is a nationalist political party in Burundi, receiving most of its support from members of the Tutsi ethnic group.

From that time until 1965, the party also had some Hutu support, and three of its Hutu members, including Pierre Ngendandumwe, became Prime Minister of Burundi.

In 1960, Rwanda and Burundi adopted their own franc, whilst, between 1960 and 1963, Katanga also issued its own franc.

Defence spending continues to represent an important share of the national budget, largely due to continuing security problems along the frontiers with the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Burundi, and lingering concerns about Uganda's intentions towards its former ally.

The Bridge of Concord links the DRC and Burundi, near its mouth.