By his first wife, Eschiva of Ibelin, he was the father of Hugh I of Cyprus and was crowned in Nicosia on September 22, 1197.

By the time of Ruairi's death in 1198, King Henry II of England had invaded Ireland and given the part of it he controlled to his son John as a Lordship when John was just 10.

By 1196 de Gray was in the service of Prince John ( later King John ), and was keeper of John's seal by 1198.

By 1198, the castle was largely completed.

By 1198 he had become constable of Jerusalem ; the fact that he was the half-brother of Isabella, Queen of Jerusalem gave him considerable influence.

By the age of seventeen in 1212, Berengaria was an orphan ; her father died in 1212, while her mother had died in 1198.

By analogy, the church also has been regarded as entirely independent of the `` world '' in the sense of requiring nothing from it in order to be the church.

By this time Naples seems to have become tired of his music ; the Romans, however, appreciated it better, and it was at the Teatro Capranica in Rome that he produced some of his finest operas ( Telemaco, 1718 ; Marco Attilio Regolò, 1719 ; La Griselda, 1721 ), as well as some noble specimens of church music, including a mass for chorus and orchestra, composed in honor of Saint Cecilia for Cardinal Acquaviva in 1721.

By 1857, tensions had again escalated between Mormons and other Americans, largely as a result of church teachings on polygamy and theocracy.

By employing students Telemann took away a major resource for Kuhnau's choir ( and church music in Leipzig in general ); Kuhnau was also concerned that students were too frequently performing in operas, leaving them with less time to devote to church music.

By granting land to the abbotts and bishops he appointed, Otto actually made these bishops into " princes of the Empire " ( Reichsfürsten ); in this way, Otto was able to establish a national church.

By the mid-1780s, Rapp had begun preaching to the Separatists, his followers in Iptengen, who met privately and refused to attend church services or take communion.

By 1819 the Harmonites had built 150 log homes, a church, a community storehouse, barns, stables, and a tavern, along with thriving shops and mills, and cleared land for farming.

" By 1830, Smith reported that he had been instructed that God would use him to re-establish the true Christian church and that the Book of Mormon would be the means of establishing correct doctrine for the restored church.

By the 1760s hymns had become an established feature of religious devotion in the Evangelical church, where early ( post-Reformation ) hymns were versifications ( producing song-like verses from the original words of the psalms ) of the biblical text of the psalms, known as metrical psalms.

By extension the term parish refers not only to the territorial unit but to the people of its community or congregation as well as to church property within it.

By 1945, the church reported 210, 000 members in the US and Canada, and 360, 000 elsewhere ; the budget was $ 29 million and enrollment in church schools was 140, 000.

By 1973 the church had some presence in all 50 states and a few thousand members.

By the time of his marriage, William was able to arrange the appointments of his supporters as bishops and abbots in the Norman church.

By other scholars, however, the second element has been identified with the Celtic element-lan, signifying an enclosure or demarcated territory ( source of the Welsh word ' llan ', meaning a sanctuary or church ).

By these successes he gained the patronage of the Fuggers, and found himself fairly launched as the recognized apologist of the established order in church and state.

By the 19th century, the site of Tyndaris was wholly deserted, but the name was retained by a church, which crowned the most elevated point of the hill on which the city formerly stood, and was still called the Madonna di Tindaro.

By the late 6th century a small church had been built into the structure of the amphitheatre, though this apparently did not confer any particular religious significance on the building as a whole.

By 1635, it was apparent that Ussher had lost de facto control of the church to John Bramhall, Bishop of Derry, in everyday matters, and to Laud in matters of policy.

By 1700, the Spanish friars had begun rebuilding a smaller church at Awatovi.

By 1876, the Mansion House portion of the convento had been razed and replaced with a large Gothic Revival brick church, designed to serve the growing population of immigrants who were now making the Mission area their home.

By this time, the Catholic church had begun to speak against his government.

By 916 fleets under Sihtric Cáech and Ragnall, said to be grandsons of Ímar ( that is, they belonged to the same Uí Ímair kindred as the Ímar who was killed in 904 ), were very active in Ireland.

By then, the organization had expanded to around ninety members ; according to one member, Khaled Mohieddine, " nobody knew all of them and where they belonged in the hierarchy except Nasser.

By 1318, his political situation strengthened, Philip went further, setting out in a new act a distinction between the French royal domain – the core set of lands and titles that belonged permanently to the crown – and those lands and titles that had been forfeited to the crown for one reason or another.

By the 15th century this volume belonged to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, son of Henry IV, who inscribed it " Ceste livre est a moy Homffrey Duc de Gloucestre ".

By unity of possession ; as when the rectory of a parish, and lands in the same parish, both belonged to a religious house, those lands were discharged of tithes by this unity of possession:

By this time I knew the world to which the drawing room belonged [...] was a world forever lost.

By the end of the 16th century, from 1602 onwards, during the entire Ancien Régime, all feudal rights of Oostmalle belonged to the family van Renesse ( French: de Renesse ), descendants of Jan van Renesse.

" By conviction " he belonged to the Old Catholics, but he never formally joined them.

By then, each side considered that the other no longer belonged to the Church that was orthodox and catholic.

By 1380 Merv belonged to the empire of Timur ( Tamerlane ).

By 1944 / 45 11, 912 dunums of land belonged to the village, of which 8, 109 dunums were allotted to cereals.

By the 18th century the Maitlands had supplanted the ancient Lauders as the pre-eminent local family, and had managed to acquire most of the properties which had belonged to the ancient family, although Windpark / Wyndepark ( which overlooked Thirlestane Castle ) and its Pele Tower remained in the hands of John Lauder of Winepark and Carolside ( near Earlston ), until about 1750.

By 1352, when the principality was partitioned between the Polish Kingdom and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, most of Galicia belonged to the Polish Crown, where it still remained after the 1569 union between Poland and Lithuania.

By 2011 fewer than 7 % of employees in the private sector belonged to unions.

By 1969 fully 50 % of the US market for motorcycles more than 500 cc belonged to Triumph, but technological advances at Triumph had failed to match those of the foreign companies.

By the 1920s, most of the area of current Novgorod Oblast belonged to Novgorod Governorate.

By comparing the two specimens, it could be established that a series of tail vertebrae referred to Supersaurus by Jensen may have belonged to some other form.

" By the bull Ad conditorem canonum of 8 December of the same year, John XXII, declaring that " it was ridiculous to pretend that every egg and piece of bread given to and eaten by the Friars Minor belonged to the pope ", forced them to accept ownership by ending the arrangement according to which all property given to the Franciscans was vested in the Holy See, which granted the friars the mere use of it.

By assisting his superior in his efforts to protect the provincials from the extortions of the publicani, or farmers of taxes, Rufus incurred the hatred of the equestrian order, to which the publicani belonged.

By March 1638 the Maryland Assembly had declared that all of Claiborne's property within the colony now belonged to the proprietor.

By 1994, the 38 remaining Great Andamanese who could trace their ancestry and culture back to the original tribes belonged to only three of them ( Jeru, Bo and Cari )

By 1678, the number of houses increased to seven, six of which belonged to the Pogost priests and one to a peasant.

By observing the clear morphological differences in the dentition of the three species found in Messel, the possibility can be discarded that either the discovered fossils are specimens of the same species but of different age, or that two of these forms belonged to the same species with a marked sexual dimorphism.

By agreement with the head of the House of Orléans, to which he belonged paternally, he and his issue continued to use the title Prince / ss of Orléans-Braganza.