By the time the government killed the project in 1842, they had given Babbage over ₤ 17, 000, more than double the cost of a warship, without receiving a working engine.

By 1842, a list of nine elements believed to be essential to plant growth had been compiled, and the discoveries of the German botanists Julius von Sachs and Wilhelm Knop, in the years 1859-65, resulted in a development of the technique of soilless cultivation.

By 1842 Carson met and became engaged to the daughter of a prominent Taos family: Josefa Jaramillo.

By 1842, four of the other American colonies were incorporated into Liberia, and one was destroyed by indigenous people.

By 1842 the tapestry was displayed in a special-purpose room in the Bibliothèque Publique.

By 1842, only eight Christian Indians were living at the Mission.

By 1842 the local paper was reporting that the ' formerly flourishing village ', which used to stable 2, 000 horses, was suffering a ' general depreciation of property '.

By 1842, the string quartet had evolved into the most important chamber music ensemble, and advances in the design of the piano had expanded its power and dynamic range.

By 1842 the Zollverein included most German states.

By 1842, mobs were attacking the British on the streets of Kabul and the British garrison was forced to abandon the city due to constant civilian attacks.

By 1842 he started started another version, with alterations, corrections, and notes of his own ; it was published in two volumes in 1845 as A History of England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings.

By 1842, it was clear that Buffalo ’ s port facilities weren ’ t keeping up.

By his wife, Marie Friederike Franziska Hedwig, daughter of Prince William of Prussia, whom he married in 1842, he had two sons, Ludwig II of Bavaria and Otto of Bavaria, both of whom became king, were declared insane, and deposed.

By this mariage de Lesseps became the father of five sons: Charles Théodore de Lesseps ( 1838 – 1838 ), Charles Aimé de Lesseps ( 1840 – 1923 ), Ferdinand Marie de Lesseps ( 1842 – 1846 ), Ferdinand Victor de Lesseps ( 1847 – 1853 ) and Aimé Victor de Lesseps ( 1848 – 1896 ).

By January 1842 the advance guard had built more than 100 huts on the site of the future town in preparation for the arrival of the first settlers.

By the time Simpson made the final decision in 1842 to move the headquarters to Vancouver Island, he had had many reasons for doing so.

By 1842 he thought it more likely that the US would at least demand Puget Sound, and the British government would accept a border as far north as the 49th parallel, excluding Vancouver Island.

By 1842, captains wore epaulettes on each shoulder with a star on the straps, master commandant were renamed commander in 1838 and wore the same epaulettes as captains except the straps were plain, and lieutenants wore a single epaulette similar to those of the commander, on the left shoulder.

By 1842, the string quartet was well established as the most important chamber music ensemble, and advances in the design of the piano had expanded its power and dynamic range.

By 1842 the heralds were reconciled with their location and once again commissioned Abraham to build a new octagonal-shaped Record Room, on the site of the old Sugar House, for them.

By 1842, the city had a stable doctor, a drugstore, a fire squad and an officially authorised midwife.

By November 1842, Harrison became sole owner .....

By 1842, the phrase had acquired its contemporary meaning similar to " take what I am saying with a grain of salt ," indicating that a statement was not meant to be taken seriously.

By this time she had learned that it was futile to argue with her young husband, yet the uncomfortable fact remained: the American Congregationalists were sending them as missionaries to the Far East and paying their salaries.

By this time word had got around that an American doctor was on the premises.

By limiting American strength too much to nuclear strength, this country limited its ability to fight any kind of war besides a nuclear war.

By maintaining the nuclear deterrent, but gearing American military forces to fight conventional wars too, Secretary of State Rusk junks bluff and nuclear brinkmanship and builds more muscle and greater safety into our military position.

By dealing with common landscape in an uncommon way, Roy Mason has found a particular niche in American landscape art.

By way of explanation we ourselves are prone to imagine that this achievement stems from the same American Catholic zeal and generosity which brought the parochial school system into existence.

By 1865, following the American Civil War, stocks in small industrial companies, such as iron and steel, textiles and chemicals were first sold by curbstone brokers.

By the time of the cancellation, Nintendo's NES dominated the North American market, controlling 80 % while Atari Corp. controlled just 12 %.

By 1970, LAFTA expanded to include four more Latin American nations: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.

By 1938, the Daily Advertiser had changed to the Daily Record, and The American had become the Sunday Advertiser.

By the summer of 1944, victories in the Southwest and Central Pacific had brought the war closer to Japan, with American bombers able to strike at the Japanese main islands from air bases secured during the Mariana Islands campaign ( June — August 1944 ).

By the mid 20th century, with the growing market for rare coins, the Sheldon system was adopted by the American Numismatic Association and most coin professionals in the North America.

The 1523 " Turin map " of the islands was the first to refer to them as Los Lagartos, meaning alligators or large lizards, By 1530 they were known as the Caymanes after the Carib word caimán for the marine crocodile, either the American or the Cuban crocodile, Crocodylus acutus or C. rhombifer, which also lived there.

By the middle of the decade, some of the 1950s generation of American comedians, such as Jerry Lewis, went into decline, while Peter Sellers found success with international audiences in his first American film The Pink Panther.

By the American Revolution, most residents lived near the Common and Harvard College, with farms and estates comprising most of the town.

By the 1980s, several independent publishers, such as Pacific, Eclipse, First, Comico, and Fantagraphics had started releasing a wide range of styles and formats — from color superhero, detective, and science fiction comic books to black-and-white magazine-format stories of Latin American magical realism.

By the late 1950s a wave of Japanese machines forced most North American typewriter companies to cease business, but Tramiel instead turned to adding machines.

By 1 July 1933 there were 1, 463 working camps with 250, 000 junior enrollees ( 18 – 25 years of age ), 28, 000 veterans, 14, 000 American Indians, and 25, 000 Locally Enrolled ( or Experienced ) Men ( LEM ).

By now the group had become a de-facto political force, pitting itself against rising elements of American social and political life such as the religious right, Ronald Reagan and the idle rich.

By the late 1920s, Al Capone and the Mob were inspiring not only fear, but piquing mainstream curiosity about the American underworld.

By 1968, the number of dance clubs started to decline ; most American clubs either closed or were transformed into clubs featuring live bands.

By the end of 2000, many European and American business companies offered their services through the World Wide Web.

Despite the revivalists ' various political views and different opinions regarding the nature of authentic folk music, they all shared an understanding of Americanism that grounded the nation's identity in cultural pluralism and political democracy " By the end of the 1930s they along with the musicians and others had turned American folk music into a social movement.

By 1912 and 1913, there are beginning to be many films from many American companies that rely on applying novel decoration to the story, rather than supplying any twists to the drama itself to sustain interest.