By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By 1971, 12 percent of the total area of South Vietnam had been sprayed with defoliating chemicals, at an average concentration of 13 times the recommended USDA application rate for domestic use.

By the end of 1971, 29 barricades were in place to prevent access to what was known as Free Derry, 16 of them impassable even to the British Army's one-ton armoured vehicles.

By 1971, when a bibliography of ab initio calculations was published, the largest molecules included were naphthalene and azulene.

By 1971, Bell researchers Michael F. Tompsett et al.

By 1971, Brezhnev had succeeded in becoming first amongst equals in the Politburo and the Central Committee.

By 1971 ELF activity had become enough of a threat that the emperor had declared martial law in Eritrea.

By 1971, the show's ratings had plummeted.

By the mid-1960s, the East Pakistan was accounting for less than 60 % of the nation's export earnings, and by the time of Bangladesh's independence in 1971, this percentage had dipped below 50 %.

By 1971, Friedman had formed his second band, Kinky Friedman and The Texas Jewboys, which many took to be a play on the name of the famous band Bob Wills and His Texas Playboys.

By the 1971 – 72 season, Dalglish had become established in the Celtic first team.

By 1971, this amounted to more than $ 1 billion.

By 1971, Malmö reached 265, 000 inhabitants, but this was the peak which would stand for more than 30 years.

By the 1970s some Native American film roles began to show more complexity, such as those in Little Big Man ( 1970 ), Billy Jack ( 1971 ), and The Outlaw Josey Wales ( 1976 ), which depicted Native Americans in minor supporting roles.

By 1971, 250, 000 Cubans made use of this program.

By mid-1971, as the termination date of the British treaty relationship ( end of 1971 ) approached, the nine still had not agreed on terms of union.

By 1970 Macainsh was back with Strauks, now on drums, first in Claptrap and by 1971 in Frame which had Graeme " Shirley " Strachan as lead vocalist.

By Meddle ( 1971 ), specifically the suite " Echoes ", they moved in the direction of symphonic prog rather than psychedelic rock.

By 1971 it was recognized by the New York Times as a " buzz word ".

By the end of 1971, Khan soon faced another war with India that lasted less than two weeks.

By 1971 the yen had become undervalued.

By 1971, the FCC introduced the Prime Time Access Rule, which freed local network affiliates in the top 50 markets ( in practice, the entire network ) to take a half hour of prime time from the networks on Mondays through Saturdays and one full hour on Sundays.

In other fictional television works, a January 1971 episode " By the Pricking of My Thumbs ..." of the British science fiction TV series Doomwatch featured a 16-year-old XYY boy expelled from school because of his genetic condition, a November 1993 episode " Born Bad " of the American police procedural TV series Law & Order portrayed a 14-year-old XYY sociopathic murderer, and the May 2007 season finale episode " Born To Kill " of the American police procedural TV series CSI: Miami depicted a 34-year-old XYY serial killer.

By 1971, diverging interests between the civilian and military wings of the leadership were apparent.

By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.

By 1840 there were still only ten colonial bishops for the Church of England ; but even this small beginning greatly facilitated the growth of Anglicanism around the world.

To establish that a function is computable by Turing machine, it is usually considered sufficient to give an informal English description of how the function can be effectively computed, and then conclude " By the Church – Turing thesis " that the function is Turing computable ( equivalently partial recursive ).

By demanding that leaders of the Church be a one woman man, Paul excluded remarried widowers from having influence.

By the end of the year he had founded the ( the Metropolitan Church of Art of the Leading Christ ).

By this document the Church gave up much of what had been claimed and subsequently attained by Pope Gregory VII and his Gregorian Reforms.

By 822 Glasnevin, along with Grangegorman and Clonken or Clonkene ( now known as Deansgrange ), had become the farm for Christ Church Cathedral and it seems to have maintained this connection up to the time of the Reformation.

By the end of the 15th century was widely professed and taught in many theological faculties, but such was the influence of the Dominicans, and the weight of the arguments of Thomas Aquinas ( who had been canonised in 1323 and declared " Doctor Angelicus " of the Church in 1567 ) that the Council of Trent ( 1545 – 63 )— which might have been expected to affirm the doctrine — instead declined to take a position.

By then, the work consisted of four books of eighty chapters, and each book was named after statements from the creed: Book 1 on God the Creator, Book 2 on the Redeemer in Christ, Book 3 on receiving the Grace of Christ through the Holy Spirit, and Book 4 on the Society of Christ or the Church.

By definition, there was only one " catholic " or " universal " Church.

By the early 15th century, stern measures were undertaken by Church and state which drove Lollardy underground.

By the 1792 general conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, the controversy relating to episcopal power boiled over.

In July of the same year, in Seoul, South Korea, the Member Churches of the World Methodist Council ( WMC ) voted to approve and sign a " Methodist Statement of Association " with the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification ( JDDJ ), the agreement which was reached and officially accepted in 1999 by the Catholic Church and the Lutheran World Federation and which proclaimed that " Together we confess: By grace alone, in faith in Christ ’ s saving work and not because of any merit on our part, we are accepted by God and receive the Holy Spirit, who renews our hearts while equipping and calling us to good works ... as sinners our new life is solely due to the forgiving and renewing mercy that God imparts as a gift and we receive in faith, and never can merit in any way ," affirming " fundamental doctrinal agreement " concerning justification between the Catholic Church, the LWF, and the World Methodist Council.

By far the largest of these is " mainstream Mormonism ", defined by the leadership of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ).

By the 12th century, the peoples inhabiting the lands now known as Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania formed a pagan wedge between increasingly powerful rival Christian states – Greek Orthodox Church to their east and Catholic Church to their west.

By the time of the Protestant Reformation, with the separation of Church and State, in the most progressive countries, the State succeeded in dealing with the business of administering justice.

By the Second Lateran council of 1139, at which King Roger II of Sicily, Innocent II's most uncompromising foe, was excommunicated, peace was at last restored to the Church.

By sacred things he meant things " set apart and forbidden — beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them ".

* " By the very fact that you have conceived a different view of things than that which is maintained in the Church, you have already separated yourself from the Church.

By the 13th century this revision had come to be called the versio vulgata, that is, the " commonly used translation ", and ultimately it became the definitive and officially promulgated Latin version of the Bible in the Roman Catholic Church.