By contrast, the British press were jubilant ; many newspapers sought to portray the battle as a victory for Britain over anarchy, and the success was used to attack the supposedly pro-republican Whig politicians Charles James Fox and Richard Brinsley Sheridan.

By 1908, James Dewar and H. Kamerlingh Onnes were successfully able to liquify hydrogen and then newly-discovered helium, respectively.

By, Somers was at the end of his tether, and sold the team to a syndicate headed by Chicago railroad contractor James C. " Jack " Dunn.

By 1827, he had abandoned law and embarked on a geological career that would result in fame and the general acceptance of uniformitarianism, a working out of the idea proposed by James Hutton a few decades earlier.

By 1952, Ted White had mimeographed a four-page pamphlet about Superman, and James Taurasi issued the short-lived Fantasy Comics.

By allying himself with the Catholics, Dissenters, and nonconformists, James hoped to build a coalition that would advance Catholic emancipation.

By the early 3rd century, Origen of Alexandria may have been using the same 27 books as in the modern New Testament, though there were still disputes over the canonicity of Hebrews, James, II Peter, II and III John, and Revelation Such works that were sometimes " spoken against " were called Antilegomena.

By the reign of King James I & VI, the process was completed with the plantation of the last remaining princely domains in the province of Ulster.

By March 1957, a full year after the release of " Please, Please, Please ", most members of the Famous Flames had left the group after the group's new manager, Universal Attractions Agency Chief Ben Bart, insisted that the group's billing be " James Brown and The Famous Flames ".

By this time billionaire Sir James Goldsmith had set up his own Referendum Party, siphoning off some Conservative support, and at the 1997 General Election many Conservative candidates were openly expressing reluctance to join.

By August 1809, diplomatic relations with Britain deteriorated as minister David Erskine was withdrawn and replaced by " hatchet man " Francis James Jackson ; Madison however, resisted calls for war.

The award is named for Alice B. Sheldon, who wrote under the pseudonym James Tiptree, Jr. By choosing a masculine nom de plume, having her stories accepted under that name and winning awards with them, Sheldon helped demonstrate that the division between male and female science fiction writing was illusory.

By the early 200s, Origen may have been using the same twenty-seven books as in the Catholic New Testament canon, though there were still disputes over the canonicity of the Letter to the Hebrews, Epistle of James, II Peter, II John and III John and the Book of Revelation, known as the Antilegomena.

By this time, the pollution from burning coal and steel production created a black fog ( or smog ), which even a century earlier had induced author writer James Parton to dub the city " hell with the lid off ".

By the term " divine " James meant " any object that is godlike, whether it be a concrete deity or not " to which the individual feels impelled to respond with solemnity and gravity.

By the early 20th century, interest in reincarnation had been introduced into the nascent discipline of psychology, largely due to the influence of William James, who raised aspects of the philosophy of mind, comparative religion, the psychology of religious experience and the nature of empiricism.

A brief analysis of Reverse Polish Notation against Direct Algebraic Logic – By James Redin

" By this, James meant that truth is a quality, the value of which is confirmed by its effectiveness when applying concepts to practice ( thus, " pragmatic ").

By chance, Sally Hemings, a younger sister of James, was chosen ; she lived in the Jefferson household in Paris for about two years.

By 1844, the Whigs began their recovery by nominating Henry Clay, who lost to Democrat James K. Polk in a closely contested race, with Polk's policy of western expansion ( particularly the annexation of Texas ) and free trade triumphing over Clay's protectionism and caution over the Texas question.

* Fixing UNRWA: Repairing the UN's Troubled System of Aid to Palestinian Refugees ( By James G. Lindsay, Washington Institute for Near East Policy: January 2009 )

By the end of the year, however, Madrid was recovered by an army led by King Philip V and the Duke of Berwick ( the illegitimate son of James II of England, serving in the French army ).

By the 12th and final season, series regular James MacArthur had left the show ( in 1996, he admitted that he had become tired and wanted to do other things ), as had Kam Fong.

By 1792, a party division had emerged between Federalists led by Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton, who desired a stronger federal government with a leading role in the economy, and the Democratic-Republicans led by Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Representative James Madison of Virginia, who favored states ' rights and opposed Hamilton's economic program.

By the time of his fifth win of the year at the British GP, he had more than double the points of his closest challengers Jody Scheckter and James Hunt, and a second consecutive World Championship appeared a formality.

By the time Bishop John Lonsdale died in 1867 the lack of a railway was one of the main reasons that his successor Bishop Selwyn gave for the decision to sell the castle and thus sever the long association of Eccleshall with the Bishop of Lichfield.

By 1840, Robinson still ".... had no stores allocated to him ..." by Captain William Lonsdale ( colonist ), the Police Magistrate in Melbourne, even though "... it was patently obvious that the Aborigines were starving, and many were ill and near death ,..." With land in the hinterland overrun by "... vast numbers of sheep and cattle .." and "... conditions in the countryside becoming intolerable, the blacks swarmed into Melbourne looking for food and blankets.

By the following year their ranks had grown to include German painter, sculptor and designer Oskar Schlemmer who headed the theater workshop, and Swiss painter Paul Klee, joined in 1922 by Russian painter Wassily Kandinsky.

By age twenty, she had met and befriended the important, and pivotal, landscape painter of the Barbizon School, Camille Corot, who excelled in figure painting as well.

By an accident, a painter misinterpreted the name and painted " Ski-Doo " on the first prototype.

By Thomas Hudson ( painter ) | Thomas Hudson ( 1749 )

By Mihály Kovács ( painter ) | Mihály Kovács

By 1424 Paolo was earning his own living as a painter.

By the 1920s John was Britain's leading portrait painter.

By the time the Prince of Wales was made regent in 1814, Lawrence was acknowledged as the foremost portrait painter in the country.

" By the time he gained widespread acceptance in the 1890s, Whistler was past his prime as a portrait painter.

By 1937, Lee had grown bored with her life in Cairo and she returned to Paris, where she met the British surrealist painter and curator Roland Penrose, whom she later would marry.

By her first marriage she had a son, Philipp Veit, who became an eminent painter.

By introducing the miniskirt into the haute couture of the fashion industry, Courrèges gave it a greater degree of respectability than might otherwise have been expected of a street fashion .. An even more prominent French fashion designer, Yves St. Laurent, began to show shorter skirts in his fall / winter 1965 collection, including his famous " Mondrian " dress ( inspired by the work of painter Piet Mondrian ), a trend that he continued with throughout the 1960s, although he became more famous during this period for introducing the concept of the formal trouser suit for women into haute couture.

By the age of 20, Tōhaku was a professional painter, and by his thirties, had moved to Kyoto to study under the prestigious Kanō School, then headed by Kanō Shōei.

By exhibiting sensational works alongside hunting scenes of the sort that had brought popular success to the English painter Edwin Landseer, Courbet guaranteed himself " both notoriety and sales ".

By 1772, Tiepolo's son was sufficiently famous to be documented as painter to Doge Giovanni Cornaro, in charge of the decoration of Palazzo Mocenigo in the sestiere of San Polo, Venice.

By the turn of the century Breitner was a famous painter in the Netherlands, as demonstrated by a highly successful retrospective exhibition at Arti et Amicitiae in Amsterdam ( 1901 ).

By 1630 he was described as the court painter of the Habsburg Governor of Flanders, the Archduchess Isabella.

By far the best preserved ensemble of art from the archducal period is to be found at Scherpenheuvel where Albert and Isabella directed Cobergher, the painter Theodoor van Loon and the de Noles to create a pilgrimage church in a planned city.

By the time he was twelve years old, he was working in the shop of a coach painter.

By 1900 he was a student at the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Nantes, working under Hippolyte Touront, a well-known portrait painter who taught an academic, conventional style of painting.

By the time of Tresilian's death in 1792, the younger Margaret had married William Bassett Chinnery ( 1766 – 1834 ), the elder brother of the painter George Chinnery.

By chance, he stumbled upon a painting by Giorgio de Chirico and was so deeply impressed he resolved to become a painter himself in spite of his complete lack of formal training.