By the mid-20th century many rhyming slang expressions used the names of contemporary personalities, especially actors and performers: for example " Gregory Peck " meaning " neck " and also " cheque "; " Ruby Murray " meaning " curry "; " Alans ", meaning " knickers " from Alan Whicker ; " Max Miller " meaning " pillow " when pronounced / ˈpilə / and " Henry Halls ".

By the nature of contemporary computers most of the database part inside a computer that hosts the DBMS resides ( partially replicated ) in volatile storage.

By the nature of contemporary computers most of the database part inside a computer that hosts the DBMS resides ( partially replicated ) in volatile storage.

By the 16th century the vihuela's construction had more in common with the modern guitar, with its curved one-piece ribs, than with the viols, and more like a larger version of the contemporary four-course guitars.

By contrast with hoplites, other contemporary infantry ( e. g. Persian ) tended to wear relatively light armour, use wicker shields, and were armed with shorter spears, javelins, and bows.

By the 19th century, Romantic critics valued Hamlet for its internal, individual conflict reflecting the strong contemporary emphasis on internal struggles and inner character in general.

By the late 18th century, with both religious and mytholological painting in decline, there was an increased demand for paintings of scenes from history, including contemporary history.

By contrast the interior, with its contemporary wood panelling, is in the same, highly contemporary Elizabethan fashion of Leicester's building in the inner court.

By 1870, The Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the world ’ s largest dealer and consumer of graphite and later became the contemporary Dixon Ticonderoga pencil and art supplies company.

By recalling the significance of old myths, he encouraged awareness of them and the creation of myths for the contemporary age.

By the end of the 15th century, the population in Stockholm can be estimated to 5, 000 – 7, 000 people, which made it a relatively small town compared to several other contemporary European cities.

By the mid 18th century, this form of sushi had reached Edo ( contemporary Tokyo ).

By the beginning of the 19th century, the area that would eventually become the South African Republic was home to thousands of human settlements, including chiefdoms, villages and substantial towns such as Dithakong, whose population was comparable in size to that of contemporary early 19th century Cape Town.

By tradition, he was born in what is now Nakamura-ku, Nagoya ( situated in contemporary Aichi District, Owari Province ), the home of the Oda clan.

By the close of 1868, Mussorgsky had already started and abandoned two important opera projects — the antique, exotic, romantic tragedy Salammbô, written under the influence of Alexander Serov's Judith, and the contemporary, Russian, anti-romantic farce Marriage, influenced by Alexander Dargomyzhsky's The Stone Guest.

By the turn of the 21st century, the climate of scholarly opinion shifted somewhat on this belief: some contemporary researchers argue that publishing plays was a risky and marginal business — though this conclusion has been disputed by others.

By convention, a contemporary mixture of pigments that replaces a historical pigment is indicated by calling the resulting color a hue, but manufacturers are not always careful in maintaining this distinction.

By 500 BC most contemporary Greek philosophers considered the Earth to be spherical — there was obvious evidence for this from the behavior of objects near the horizon.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the Plains tribes had largely been assimilated into contemporary Taiwanese culture as a result of European and Han colonial rule.

By 1903, Peugeot produced half of the cars built in France, and they offered the Bébé, a four-seater, and an and resembling contemporary Mercedes models.

By the late 1860s, Degas had shifted from his initial forays into history painting to an original observation of contemporary life.

By exploiting ethnic differences in speech, gesture, and movement, Parsons rendered the clash between two opposing cultures not only contemporary but also poignant.

By this account Hermes Trismegistus was either, according to the fathers of the Christian church, a contemporary of Moses or the third in a line of men named Hermes, i. e. Enoch, Noah and the Egyptian priest king who is known to us as Hermes Trismegistus, or " thrice great " on account of being the greatest priest, philosopher and king.

By the 14th century, rich Florentines had countryside villas in Fiesole, and one of them is the setting of the frame narrative of the Decameron.

By these measures, Congress, so the Court ( in effect ) now decides, gave not only needless but inadequate relief, since it now appears that the federal courts have inherent power to sterilize the Act of 1875 against all proceedings challenging local regulation ''.

By this procedure rinsing progresses in two stages, first by dilution until the time when the drains are separated and thereafter by displacement of the soil-bearing liquor by clean rinse water, since soiled liquor squeezed from the specimens at the nip passes directly to waste from the suds box drains.

By 1950, there were only 100, 000 monolingual Bretons, and a rapid decline since, with likely no monolingual speakers left today.

By the 1980s many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training and since then thousands of people have been up-skilled through IT courses.

Coal ( from the Old English term col, which has meant " mineral of fossilized carbon " since the 13th century ) is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds By comparison in 2007, natural gas provided of oil equivalent per day, while oil provided per day.

By the time the anti-popes were all deposed and the new Pope, Martin V, was elected, two years had passed since Gregory XII's abdication, and Gregory was already dead.

By late 2006, HP had retook the # 1 sales position of PCs from Dell, which struggled with missed estimates and poor quality, and has held that rank ever since.

By comparing the parts of the genome that are not under natural selection and which therefore accumulate mutations at a fairly steady rate, it is possible to reconstruct a genetic tree incorporating the entire human species since the last shared ancestor.

By 2005, Richard Glass considered the differences to be a " serious fracture " but " vitally important to those on both sides of the fracture " and " of little importance to anyone else studying the movement from a software engineering perspective " since they have had " little effect on the field ".

By this time, Parsons's own use of drugs had increased to the extent that new songs were rare and much of his time was diverted to partying with the Stones, who briefly relocated to America in the summer of 1969 to finish their forthcoming Let It Bleed album and prepare for an autumn cross-country tour, their first series of regular live engagements since 1967.

By this time Himmler, who had been under the care of his doctor since 18 February, had fled to a sanatorium at Hohenlychen.

By the end of the Saxon period, the port of Hastings had moved eastward near the present town centre in the Priory Stream valley, whose entrance was protected by the White Rock headland ( since demolished ).

By the end of the war, Italian per capita income was at its lowest point since the beginning of the 20th century.

By this time the " New " Labour Party was seen as a reformed and fresh alternative under the leadership of Tony Blair, and after eighteen years in office the Conservatives lost the 1997 general election in one of the worst electoral defeats since the Great Reform Act of 1832.

By contrast, the water level of the Caspian Sea has been rising steadily since 1978 for reasons that scientists have not been able to explain fully.

By the time Labour returned to government in 1997 after 18 years in opposition, Tony Blair ( leader since 1994 ) had abandoned the Labour policy of going back on Tory-led union reforms, as well as ending the commitment of nationalisation of industries and utilities.

By contrast, Linear A has not been deciphered since the language of Linear A has not been discovered.

By the seventeenth century it was well-established and had been documented by Jesuit priests, although the game has undergone many modifications since that time.

By May, the leu had reached its highest level since the end of 1999.

By changing the balance it is possible to influence the anisotropy of the etching, since the chemical part is isotropic and the physical part highly anisotropic the combination can form sidewalls that have shapes from rounded to vertical.

By winning their first 13 games, the Saints also set the record for the longest undefeated season opening ( 13 – 0 ) by an NFC team since the AFL – NFL merger, surpassing the previous record ( 12 – 0 ) held by the 1985 Chicago Bears.

By the 1880s, Sahle Selassie, king of Shewa ( the later Emperor Menelik II ) allied with Ras Gobena's Shewan Oromo militia to expand his kingdom to the South and East, expanding into areas that hadn't been held together since the invasion of Ahmed Gragn.

By 1986, for the first time since World War II, women students outnumbered men.

By the end of the rebellion in August, a single party, which had been out of power since 1904, had almost total control in Paraguay.