By the 19th century the fixed-blade utility knife had evolved into a steel-bladed outdoors field knife capable of butchering game, cutting wood, and preparing campfires and meals.

By the 12th to 13th centuries A. D., monks were preparing illuminated manuscripts on vellum and parchment in monasteries throughout Europe and were using lead styli to draw lines for their writings and for the outlines for their illuminations.

By the beginning of 1945, with the Soviets on the Oder and the Western Allies preparing to cross the Rhine, Goebbels could no longer disguise the fact that defeat was inevitable.

By preparing the tape " off-line " and then sending the message with a tape reader, the line could operate continuously rather than depending on continuous " on-line " typing by a single operator.

By the fall of 1967, Peckinpah was rewriting the screenplay and preparing for production.

By the time Harold had finished school and was preparing to leave for university, he had been responsible for over 27, 000 quotations that later appeared in the OED.

By 1795 the former Templar mills were being used for preparing lead.

When they saw a man preparing to put up a post and chain fence Mr. Bradford exclaimed, ' They are going to give us a deer-park ', and his companion replied, ' By Jove we ’ ll call it that '.

By June, he was already preparing a sale of 10, 000 bound and unbound books of the acquired inventory, with a high proportion of " junk product ".

By 1127 Fulk was preparing to return to Anjou when he received an embassy from King Baldwin II of Jerusalem.

By the next day, the German position had been turned and the Germans commenced a fighting withdrawal to the forward Winter Line positions they were preparing on the ridges behind the Sangro River.

By mid-1945 these units numbered around two million, and were preparing to defeat any Allied forces sent to re-take Java.

By February 1758 Gage was in Albany, preparing for that year's campaign, and he and Margaret were married on 8 December of that year.

By promoting the big-engine Tempest as a special high-performance model, they could appeal to the speed-minded youth market ( which had also been recognized by Ford Motor Company's Lee Iacocca, who was at that time preparing the Ford Mustang ).

By 381 he had conquered all of north China and was preparing for an invasion of the south.

The Roman Rite liturgy expresses the doctrine of divinization or theosis in the prayer said by the deacon or priest when preparing the Eucharistic chalice: " By the mystery of this water and wine may we come to share in the divinity of Christ who humbled himself to share in our humanity.

By 1497 John Albert managed to gather 80, 000 men and was preparing for the expedition when Ștefan invaded Galicia and pillaged it.

By rotation, Young became commander of Apollo 16, and was an enthusiastic student of geology while preparing for the mission.

By the decree of 24 February, the provisional government had solemnly accepted the principle of the " right to work ," and decided to establish " national workshops " for the unemployed ; at the same time a sort of industrial parliament was established at the Luxembourg Palace, under the presidency of < span lang =" fr "> Louis Blanc </ span >, with the object of preparing a scheme for the organization of labour ; and, lastly, by the decree of 8 March, the property qualification for enrolment in the National Guard had been abolished and the workmen were supplied with arms.

By September newspapers were reporting that a scare campaign was being created, suggesting Te Whiti was fortifying Parihaka and preparing to invade New Plymouth, while the Taranaki Herald reported that the settlement was " in a horribly filthy state " and its inhabitants " in a deplorable condition " – a stark contrast to the situation a Wellington doctor discovered when he visited, writing that the place was " singularly clean ... regularly swept ... drainage is excellent ".

By preparing a thin quicklime, the Maya added mineral pigments that would dissolve and create rich blues and greens that added to their artistic culture.

By 917, Simeon was preparing for yet another war against Byzantium.

By the last week of March 1975, approximately 40, 000 communist troops had surrounded the capital and began preparing to deliver the coup de grace to about half as many Republican forces.

By 1 January 1887 Stanley was back in London preparing the expedition, to widespread public acclaim.

By the summer of 1940, the victories of Nazi Germany against Poland, Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands and France brought urgency to the government discreetly preparing for possible United States involvement in World War II.

By " art " we may frame several artistic " works " or " creations " as so though this reference remains within the institution or special event which creates it and this leaves some works or other possible " art " outside of the frame work, or other interpretations such as other phenomenon which may not be considered as " art ".

By the middle of the Devonian, several groups of plants had evolved leaves and true roots, and by the end of the period the first seed-bearing plants appeared.

By far the greatest source of dyes has been from the plant kingdom, notably roots, berries, bark, leaves and wood, but only a few have ever been used on a commercial scale.

By order of the Duke, Othello leaves Venice to command the Venetian armies against invading Turks on the island of Cyprus, accompanied by his new wife, his new lieutenant Cassio, his ensign Iago, and Emilia as Desdemona's attendant.

By blowing into the palms the papyrus leaves would make a loud vibrant sound.

By 1912 shipments to Amsterdam, where the leaves were processed into cocaine, reached 1 million kg, overtaking the Peruvian export market.

By not keeping any list of users and corresponding anonymizing labels for them, a remailer can ensure that any message that has been forwarded leaves no internal information behind that can later be used to break identity confidentiality.

* Frank Sinatra leaves Your Hit Parade to appear on Max Factor Presents Frank Sinatra and, starting that September, Old Gold Presents Songs By Sinatra

By cooking and discarding the water the bitterness is reduced, after which the chicory leaves may be sauteed with garlic, anchovies and other ingredients.

By 2011, some Anglicans were able to acknowledge that " The forced alienation of sacred places from one community to another leaves lasting scars.

* Rabbi Nechemia says that the fruit was a fig, as it was from fig leaves that God made garments for Adam and Eve upon expelling them from the Garden: " By that with which they were made low were they rectified.

" By these tokens, the series could be taken to suggest that formal education provides an approved, abridged version of history, one which leaves out all the gory, interesting bits.

By 2011, some Anglicans were able to acknowledge that " The forced alienation of sacred places from one community to another leaves lasting scars "

By 2011, some Anglicans were able to acknowledge that " The forced alienation of sacred places from one community to another leaves lasting scars "

By World War I, the oak leaves often indicated a second or higher award of the Pour le Mérite, though in most cases the recipients were still high-ranking officers ( usually distinguished field commanders fitting the criteria above ; the few lower ranking recipients of the oak leaves were mainly general staff officers responsible for planning a victorious battle or campaign ).

By producing chloroplasts, they turn green, become fleshy and apparently start to photosynthesize, just like leaves.

: By moonlight, in winter, the poet leaves the house as he came to it, a stranger.

By the time the last woman leaves the land, nothing remains as evidence of the event ; even the electrical boxes that power the festival are buried at each festival's end.

By the time of the novel 4. 50 from Paddington the station appears to have closed as Mrs MacGillycuddy on her way to Miss Marple leaves her train at Milchester.

By the end of the arc, the JSA leaves Adam in control of Kahndaq, provided that he does not leave its borders, convincing him that he cannot enforce his rule on the world or he is no better than the dictator he'd defeated.

By labeling the Torres Strait " Golfo Incognito " Dudley leaves open the question of whether New Guinea is connected to the Southern continent.

By the series ' end, she'd given up on supporting Hamdo's ambitions and leaves him to die amidst the chaos of his eroding empire.

By using a tea strainer in this way, the same leaves can be used to brew multiple cups.