By the beginning of the 8th century, these kingdoms had either been conquered by Nicene neighbors ( Ostrogoths, Vandals, Burgundians ) or their rulers had accepted Nicene Christianity ( Visigoths, Lombards ).

By the 8th century, the common Germanic language of Scandinavia, Proto-Norse, had undergone some changes and evolved into Old Norse.

By the late 8th century BC the territory of Israel was the most densely settled in the entire Levant, with a population of about 350, 000.

By the 8th century these city-states tended to have rulers that had accepted Islam.

By the 8th century first Iranians and then Arabs had imported the craft of papermaking from China, with a paper mill already at work in Baghdad in 794.

By 2007 the now-Russian force, now designated the Operational Group of Russian Forces in Moldova, under the command of the Moscow Military District had withered away to a strength of some 1500 which included the 8th Motor Rifle Brigade and a surface-to-air missile regiment.

By the 8th century, a navigable canal existed between Old Cairo and the Red Sea, but accounts vary as to who ordered its construction — either Trajan or ' Amr ibn al -' As, or Omar the Great.

By the second half of the 8th century he was already regarded as an embodiment of the Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara.

By 1969, at the end of the 1960s the New York Mets won the World Series in only the 8th year of the team's existence.

By size, it is the 8th largest state in Germany, and by population, the 10th largest.

By the 8th century the Frankish dominion was firmly established in western Germany and northern Gaul.

By the middle of the 8th century, the Franks had assumed political control of the region and the mainland of Veneto became part of the Carolingian Empire.

By the 8th century, the Slavs were the dominant ethnic group on the East European Plain.

By the end of the 8th century, the Low Countries formed a part of Francia and the Merovingians were replaced by the Carolingian dynasty.

By the 8th century the Frankish dominion was firmly established in western Germany and northern Gaul.

By the 8th century, the terms Cārvāka, Lokāyata, and Bārhaspatya were used interchangeably to signify materialism.

By the 8th century, the rulers of Laigin had split into two dynasties:

By the time it was attested for in general use in the 8th century BC it was already divided into a western and eastern variety, from which the Etruscan / Latin alphabets and the later Greek alphabet came respectively.

By the 8th century the whole space was surrounded by Christian churches taking the place of the abandoned and ruined temples.

By the end of the war, the US Fifth Army and British 8th Army had built over 3, 000 Bailey bridges in Sicily and Italy alone, totaling over of bridge, at an average length of.

By 1593, John, 8th Lord Maxwell was repairing the castle again, building up the gatehouse for defence against the Johnstones of Annandale, with whom the Maxwells were feuding.

By the 8th or 9th century spacing was being used fairly consistently across Europe ( Knight 1996 ).

By the end of 8th century, the Slavic tribes established the first organised states in Central and Eastern Europe.

" In the 8th edition ( 1856 ), this is still its " most extended sense "; " in a more limited sense " it is defined in the same words as those quoted above from the 5th edition ; but the writer adds, " By courtesy this title is generally accorded to all persons above the rank of common tradesmen when their manners are indicative of a certain amount of refinement and intelligence.

* Personal Dynamic Media – By Alan Kay and Adele Goldberg

By the end of the reign of Naram-Sin's son, Shar-kali-sharri ( 2217 – 2193 BC ), the empire had weakened.

By French aristocrat Mélanie de Gaufridy de Dortan ( 1876 – 1937 ), he had Roger Marie Vincent Philippe Lévêque de Vilmorin ( 12 September 1905 – 20 July 1980 )

By Spanish actress María del Carmen Ruíz y Moragas ( 1898 – 1936 ):

By Béatrice Noon he had Juana Alfonsa Milán y Quiñones de León ( 19 April 1916 – 16 May 2005 )

By his zeal and exertions – for there were many conflicting interests to reconcile – he adjusted the affair in a manner at once creditable to his judgment and fortunate for his country.

By the 2004 season the Diamondbacks had dropped to a dismal 51 – 111 record, the worst in Major League Baseball and one of the 10 worst records in the modern era, despite Johnson pitching a perfect game on May 18 of that season.

By the early 1960s, the monument had grown very blackened from coal soot and automobile exhaust, and during 1965 – 1966 it was cleaned through bleaching.

By October he had taken a prospective hijacker Mushabib al-Hamlan from Afghanistan to Saudi Arabia where they both procured B-1 / B-2 tourist / business visas on October 28 – but Hamlan then decided not to proceed and is thought to have returned to his family.

B. Morton as authors of the Daily Express column " By the Way " in the period 1919 – 1975.

By the time Marlborough had closed down the Ramillies campaign he had denied the French most of the Spanish Netherlands west of the Meuse and north of the Sambre – it was an unsurpassed operational triumph for the English Duke.

*" Why Pascal is Not My Favorite Programming Language " – By Brian Kernighan, AT & T Bell Labs, 2 April 1981

* An Interview with Brian Kernighan – By Mihai Budiu, for PC Report Romania, August 2000

By the charter renewal in 1781 it was also the bankers ' bank – keeping enough gold to pay its notes on demand until 26 February 1797 when war had so diminished gold reserves that the government prohibited the Bank from paying out in gold.

By 1974, another challenge to the state's authority and legitimacy had come from 19 April Movement ( M-19 ), a mostly urban guerrilla group founded allegedly in response to an electoral fraud during the final National Front election of Misael Pastrana ( 1970 – 1974 ) and the defeat of former dictator Gustavo Rojas.

By 1982, the perceived passivity of the FARC, together with the relative success of the government's efforts against the M-19 and ELN, enabled the administration of the Liberal Party's Julio César Turbay ( 1978 – 1982 ) to lift a state-of-siege decree that had been in effect, on and off, for most of the previous 30 years.

By quickly setting up for the next play ( often within 5 – 10 seconds after the last play despite being afforded 45 seconds ) this hindered the other team's defense from substituting situational players, regrouping for tactics, and, some suggest, increased the defense's rate of fatigue ( This is attributed to the belief that the offense dictates when a play starts so they tend to be more mentally relaxed and prepared for the start of a play where the defense must remain on a higher level of alert before the play starts ).

By 1992 the cost of typical recorders was down to $ 10 – 12, 000, and in September 1995 Hewlett-Packard introduced its model 4020i manufactured by Philips, which at $ 995 was the first recorder to cost less than $ 1000.

By 1963 – 4 Gödel would disavow Herbrand – Gödel recursion and the λ-calculus in favor of the Turing machine as the definition of " algorithm " or " mechanical procedure " or " formal system ".

To establish that a function is computable by Turing machine, it is usually considered sufficient to give an informal English description of how the function can be effectively computed, and then conclude " By the Church – Turing thesis " that the function is Turing computable ( equivalently partial recursive ).

By way of contrast, when introduced in 1985, the Amiga had compared favorably against 286-based systems with EGA graphics and rudimentary sound capabilities that frequently cost 2 – 3 times as much.