By October 1993, Armenian forces succeeded in occupying almost all of former NKAO, Lachin and large areas in southwestern Azerbaijan.

By the conditions accepted in the treaty, the Avars were to take possession of Pannonia and the Lombards were promised military support in Italy should the need arise ; also, for a period of 200 years the Lombards were to maintain the right to reclaim their former territories if the plan to conquer Italy failed, thus leaving Alboin with an alternative open.

By Otto's marriage to Eilika, daughter of Magnus, Duke of Saxony, the Ascanians became heirs to half of the property of the House of Billung, former dukes of Saxony.

By the time dBASE for Windows eventually shipped, the developer community had moved on to other products such as Clipper or FoxBase and dBASE never regained significant share of Ashton-Tate's former market.

By 1974, another challenge to the state's authority and legitimacy had come from 19 April Movement ( M-19 ), a mostly urban guerrilla group founded allegedly in response to an electoral fraud during the final National Front election of Misael Pastrana ( 1970 – 1974 ) and the defeat of former dictator Gustavo Rojas.

By this time the main difference between light and battle cavalry was their training ; the former was regarded as a tool for harassment and reconnaissance, while the latter was considered best for close-order charges.

By comparison, the former colony of the United Province of Canada ( divided into the District of Canada East, and the District of Canada West ) and the western provinces were dozens of times larger and in some cases were expanded to take in territory formerly held in British Crown grants to companies such as the Hudson's Bay Company ; in particular the November 19, 1869 sale of Rupert's Land to the Government of Canada under the Rupert's Land Act 1868 was facilitated in part by Maritime taxpayers.

By the crusader period, a cistern under the former basilica was rumoured to have been the location that Helena had found the True Cross, and began to be venerated as such ; although the cistern later became the Chapel of the Invention of the Cross, there is no evidence for the rumour prior to the 11th century, and modern archaeological investigation has now dated the cistern to the 11th century repairs by Monomachos.

By 1960, the vast majority of country-states were nominally democracies, although most of the world's populations lived in nations that experienced sham elections, and other forms of subterfuge ( particularly in Communist nations and the former colonies.

By the time Hilbert died in 1943, the Nazis had nearly completely restaffed the university, in as much as many of the former faculty had either been Jewish or married to Jews.

By that time, many former handicraft workers had been forced to seek employment in the emerging manufacturing industries, using not closely guarded techniques but standardized methods controlled by corporations.

By contrast, Pétion broke up the former colonial estates and parceled out the land into small holdings.

By 25 May 1993, the international community had tried to pressure the leaders of the former Yugoslavian republics diplomatically, militarily, politically, economically, and – with Resolution 827 – through juridical means.

By the late 20th century, most nations of the former empire had officially adopted the metric system as their main system of measurement, although as of 2011 the United Kingdom had only partially adopted it.

By 1809 the Federalist party had almost completely disappeared, and its former members ( such as John Quincy Adams, Madison's ambassador to Russia ) had joined Madison's Democratic-Republican party.

By the end of 1982 it was obvious that the popular former trade union leader Bob Hawke was going to replace Hayden as Labor leader.

By 2006, more than 60, 000 former militiamen from around the country have been disarmed.

By 2012, U. S. Route 66 travellers were spending $ 38 million / year visiting historic places and museums in communities on the former highway, with $ 94 million annually invested in heritage preservation ; The Motels of Route 66 was announced as an upcoming documentary film.

By the end of October, Musharraf appointed many technocrats and bureaucrats in his Cabinet, including former Citibank executive Shaukat Aziz as Finance Minister and Abdul Sattar as Foreign Minister.

By the beginning of the 20th century, rhetoric was fast losing the remains of its former importance, and eventually was taken out of the school curriculum altogether at the time of the Separation of State and Churches ( 1905 ).

By the end of World War II, racism had acquired the same supremacist connotations former associated with racialism: racism now implied racial discrimination, racial supremacism and a harmful intent.

By 1920 the coffins were interred in a former Russian Mission in Beijing, now beneath a parking area.

By this time however, the influence of Slobodan Milošević was confined to Serbia only as Montenegro had experienced internal regime change in 1996 when former Milošević ally Milo Đukanović reversed his policies, showed resilience by becoming leader of his party and subsequently dismissing former Montenegrin leader Momir Bulatović, a man who remained loyal to Milošević.

By area Turkmenistan ranks fourth among the former Soviet republics, after Russia, Kazakhstan, and Ukraine.

By the same means he perceives this fact as having communicated itself to the audience ; ;

By no means would we discourage the production of ideas: they provide raw materials with which to work ; ;

By 1937 he had clarified his intentions to serve his people: `` I have striven for clarity and melodious idiom, but at the same time I have by no means attempted to restrict myself to the accepted methods of harmony and melody.

By means of geographical isolation and high fertility rates, inbreeding can be fostered and the pattern of isolation from the greater society maintained.

By means of this social control, deviance is either eliminated or somehow made compatible with the function of the social group.

By all means the most important distinction is that between those total-cost apportionments which superimpose a distribution of admittedly unallocable cost residues on estimates of incremental or marginal costs, and those other apportionments which recognize no difference between true cost allocation and mere total-cost distribution.

By no means.

By no means are these isolated cases.

By means of charts showing wave-travel times and depths in the ocean at various locations, it is possible to estimate the rate of approach and probable time of arrival at Hawaii of a tsunami getting under way at any spot in the Pacific.

By no means do all Jews today believe in reincarnation, but belief in reincarnation is not uncommon among many Jews, including Orthodox.

By " impressions ", he means sensations, while by " ideas ", he means memories and imaginings.

By " chance ", he means all those particular comprehensible events which the viewer considers possible in accord with their experience.

By " necessary connection ", Hume means the power or force which necessarily ties one idea to another.

By allowing a new kind of equality among citizens this opened the way to democracy, which in turn called for a new means, chattel slavery, to at least partially equalise the availability of leisure between rich and poor.

By extension, the term " embark " literally means to board the kind of boat called a " barque ".

By such subtle means were Cranmer's purposes further confused, leaving it for generations to argue over the precise theology of the rite.

By contrast, in civil law jurisdictions ( the legal tradition that prevails in, or is combined with common law in, Europe and most non-Islamic, non-common law countries ), courts lack authority to act where there is no statute, and judicial precedent is given less interpretive weight ( which means that a judge deciding a given case has more freedom to interpret the text of a statute independently, and less predictably ), and scholarly literature is given more.

By means of her mother, Catherine had a stronger legitimate claim to the English throne than King Henry VII himself through the first two wives of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster: Blanche of Lancaster and the Spanish Infanta Constance of Castile.

By no means ... there is a necessary connexion to be taken into consideration.

By means of the atonement and his offering of divine grace to humankind, Christ provided access to divinity for humankind.

By the time DDT was introduced in the U. S., the disease had already been brought under control by a variety of other means.

" By this Derrida means that all claims to know something necessarily involve an assertion of the metaphysical type that something is the case somewhere.

By many, education is understood to be a means of overcoming handicaps, achieving greater equality and acquiring wealth and status for all ( Sargent 1994 ).

By this means, power dissipation in the active device is minimised, and efficiency increased.