George Călinescu who saw in it " an echo of Nae Ionescu's lectures ", traced a parallel with the essays of another of Ionescu's disciples, Emil Cioran, while noting that Cioran's were " of a more exulted tone and written in the aphoristic form of Kierkegaard ".

Polemically, Călinescu proposed that Mircea Eliade's supposed focus on " aggressive youth " and served to instill his interwar Romanian writers with the idea that they had a common destiny as a generation apart.

George Călinescu criticized the book for inconsistencies and " excesses in Dostoyevskianism ", but noted that the Lecca family portrayal was " suggestive ", and that the dramatic scenes were written with " a remarkable poetic calm.

Eliade himself referenced the story and Aldous Huxley's experiments in the same section of his private notes, a matter which allowed Matei Călinescu to propose that Un om mare was a direct product of its author's experience with drugs.

According to Călinescu, Iorga was visibly embarrassed by even 19th century Romanticism, out of his territory with virtually everything after " Villani and Commynes ", and endorsing the " obscure manqués " in modern Romanian letters.

On March 7, 1939, a new government was formed with Călinescu as prime minister ; on September 21, 1939, he, in turn was assassinated by legionnaires avenging Codreanu.

The king instead sought an agreement with other members of the political class, including the National Liberal Ion Duca and the former PNŢ politician Armand Călinescu, while clamping down on the Iron Guard — leading to a wave of similar actions in reprisal.

The ban on the Guard was again tightly enforced, with Călinescu ordering all public places known to have harbored Legion meetings to be closed down ( including several restaurants in Bucharest ).

Călinescu attended secondary school and high school in his native city at Ion Brătianu High School then, between 1912 and 1918, studied the Law and Philosophy at University of Bucharest, before taking a Ph. D. in Economics and Political Sciences at the University of Paris, with a thesis on Le change roumain.

A staunch ally of France and the United Kingdom and a steadfast adversary of the pro-Nazi Germany movements in Romania, Călinescu also supported King Carol II's move to counter the Guard's success ; he first confronted the PNŢ leadership during the elections of 1937, after it signed an electoral agreement with the Guard.

He soon became involved in a virulent dispute with historian Nicolae Iorga, when the latter issued harsh criticism regarding Carol's January 1939 initiative to dress large sections of the society, including Romanian Academy members, in various uniforms ( a measure backed by Călinescu ); Iorga remarked with irony: " I'm prepared to wear the FRN uniform, but allow me to wear a speared helmet on my head, on which to place is, to Impalement | impale the Minister of the Interior ".

In May, after witnessing the result of Nazi pressures on Austria ( see Anschluss ), Călinescu decapitated the Guard by ordering arrests of its leaders, beginning with that of Codreanu, as well as many of its members and sympathisers ( including Nae Ionescu and Mircea Eliade ).

In September of that year, after the invasion of Poland, the pro-Nazi members of Iron Guard alleged that Călinescu and the King Carol planned with the British Intelligence services to blow up the Prahova oil fields, preventing Germany from taking control and using them.

Literary critic Matei Călinescu believes that he genuinely admired În oraşul cu trei sute de biserici (" In the City with Three Hundred Churches "), a free verse poem by the Symbolist Ion Minulescu.

George Călinescu also believed that, aside from his individual nature, Zibal provided readers with an accurate insight into Jewish reactions to systemic persecution and death threats.

Among the group of insane characters in Caragiale's work, Călinescu counted those of sketches and stories like 1 Aprilie (" 1st of April "), where an April Fool ends with a murder, and Două loturi, where the clerk Lefter Popescu goes through the tribulations of having lost his winning ticket.

The trilogy is not without its critics ; George Călinescu argued that Teodoreanu's style was too laden with metaphors and rather baroque.

Vianu, together with his friend Matei Călinescu published an autobiographical volume, Amintiri in dialog (" Remembrances in Dialogue ").

The Călinescu family, along with their housekeeper and the child, moved first to Botoşani, then to Iaşi, where Gheorghe Vişan, the future writer, matriculated at the Şcoala " Carol I.

In 1936, Călinescu received his Doctorate in Literature from the University of Iaşi with a thesis on Avatarii faraonului Tla, a posthumous work of Mihai Eminescu whose value he was the first to publicize.

Călinescu produced heavily descriptive realist novels in the mode of Honoré de Balzac, often with obvious polemical undertones lurking beneath their apparently objective style.

An intellectual with liberal-left ideas who nonetheless proved flexible enough to write praises of the King under Carol's dictatorship, Călinescu outwardly adhered to the new Communist ideology after 1947, likely noting the practical advantages of such a shift in loyalties.

In November 1964, George Călinescu was diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver and sent for treatment to the sanatorium at Otopeni.

If in Bucharest, alongside Ramiro Ortiz, Călinescu realized his vocation as a creative artist and scholar, his attention in Rome was focused on Vasile Pârvan, the director of the Accademia di Romania.

George Călinescu referred to this series as Iorga's " interesting " and " eminently subjective " literature ; " dignified " and dominated by " explosions of sentiment ", it echoes, according to Călinescu, the Renaissance model of Ion Neculce.

While passing through the Eroilor area on its return from the Cotroceni Palace, Călinescu's luxury automobile, a Cadillac, was ambushed by that of the assassins, who shot Călinescu, his bodyguard Radu Andone, and his driver ( Miti Dumitrescu drove his car into the Premier's, which came to sudden stop as it ran into a cart — Andone was gunned down as he stepped out of the car, and Călinescu as he stood waiting on the back seat ; over twenty bullets were recovered from his body ).

George Călinescu was born Gheorghe Vişan on 14 June 1899, the son of a housekeeper, Maria Vişan ; the child was brought up by his mother's employers, Constantin Călinescu, a worker for Romanian State Railways, and his wife Maria, in their house in Bucharest.

Under Ortiz's guidance Călinescu made his first translations from Italian ; during his student days he translated Giovanni Papini's autobiographical novel Un uomo finito and a novella from Boccaccio's Decameron.

From 1948 to 1953 Călinescu was mistrusted and marginalized, despite being named to the Academy of the Romanian People's Republic in 1949 ; even after destalinization began in the Soviet Union in 1953, the Romanian establishment continued to favor the " wooden-tongued ," socialist realist models the Soviets had begun to abandon.

His life was the subject of Nicolae Mărgineanu's 1981 film, Luchian, where his character was played by Ion Caramitru ( Maria Ploae was Luchian's sister ; other actors starring in the film where George Constantin, Ştefan Velniciuc, Florin Călinescu as Arghezi, and Adrian Pintea as Nicolae Tonitza ).

A decade later, George Călinescu described in detail the historian's public speaking routine: the " zmeu "- like introductory outbursts, the episodes of " idle grace ", the apparent worries, the occasional anger and the intimate, calm, addresses to his bewildered audience.

One year later, under the National Legionary State ( the Iron Guard's government ), Marinescu and Argeşanu, alongside other politicians, were executed in Jilava ( September 1940 ); it was also at that time that the Călinescu family crypt in Curtea de Argeş was dynamited, while a bronze bust of him which awaited unveiling was chained and dragged through the streets of Piteşti.

Călinescu later said, " even if not everyone is in a position to become a Pârvan, everyone can see in him a model, that is to say a way in which he too can accomplish the same renunciations.

Călinescu would always return to this " spiritual father " whenever the difficulties of life seemed to bring him to his knees.

For Călinescu, such a perspective on life culminated in " banality ", leaving authors gripped by the " cult of the self " and " a contempt for literature ".

After the assassination of Prime Minister Armand Călinescu on 21 September King Carol II tried to maintain neutrality for several months more, but the surrender of the Third French Republic and the retreat of British forces from continental Europe rendered the assurances that both countries had made to Romania meaningless.

Premier Armand Călinescu, who had already ordered a clampdown on Guardist activities, seized Iorga's demand for satisfaction as an opportunity, ordering Carol's rival to be tried for libel — the preamble to an extended trial on grounds of conspiracy.

According to George Călinescu, Nicolae Iorga was overdependent on his memory, which could result in " utterly fictitious " critical apparatuses for his scientific works.

« Omul de oţel » împotriva Gărzii de Fier " (" Armand Călinescu: A Sacrifice for the Country's Peace and Security.

Călinescu recorded Eliade's rejection of objectivity, citing the author's stated indifference towards any " naïveté " or " contradictions " that the reader could possibly reproach him, as well as his dismissive thoughts of " theoretical data " and mainstream philosophy in general ( Eliade saw the latter as " inert, infertile and pathogenic ").

Ironically, Călinescu had never trusted the safety of his Cadillac, and had repeatedly asked Gavrilă Marinescu to allow him use of an armored car.

The literary creations of Émile Zola were a noted source of inspiration, and the parallel led George Călinescu to propose him and Barbu Ştefănescu Delavrancea as the main representatives of Zola's style in local literature.

Time Magazine described him as a " puppet Premier " of Carol II, whereas historian Joseph Rothschild considered that it was Cristea's vice-prime-minister, Armand Călinescu, who held the power in the Cristea government.