Mama was now the first maid to Mrs. Coolidge, because Catherine, the previous first maid, had become ill and died.

Though Catherine was vexed at the number of French officers streaming to the Turkish standard, there were several under her own, such as the Prince De Nassau ; ;

Ballet flowered in Italy during the next hundred years, and about 1550 was carried to France when the Italian princess, Catherine De Medicis, married the King of France.

Their one monastery was on the top of Monte Varese, near Lago Maggiore, on the spot where their foundress, the Blessed Catarina Morigia ( or Catherine of Palanza ), had first led a solitary life.

Catherine the Great, Empress of Russia from 1762 – 1796, was a member of the House of Ascania, herself the daughter of Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst.

The 2009 Broadway revival with Catherine Zeta-Jones and Angela Lansbury recorded a cast album on January 4, 2010 which was released on April 6.

At the age of three, Catherine was betrothed to Prince Arthur, heir to the English throne, and they married in 1501, but Arthur died five months later.

By 1525 Henry was infatuated with his mistress Anne Boleyn and dissatisfied that his marriage to Catherine had produced no surviving sons, leaving their daughter, the future Mary I of England, as heiress presumptive at a time when there was no established precedent for a woman on the throne.

Catherine was born at the Archbishop's Palace in Alcalá de Henares near Madrid, on the night of 16 December 1485.

Catherine was quite short in stature with long red hair, wide blue eyes, a round face, and a fair complexion. She was descended, on her maternal side, from the English royal house ; her great-grandmother Catherine of Lancaster, after whom she was named, and her great-great-grandmother Philippa of Lancaster were both daughters of John of Gaunt and granddaughters of Edward III of England.

Catherine was educated by a tutor, Alessandro Geraldini, who was a clerk in Holy Orders.

At an early age, Catherine was considered a suitable wife for Arthur, Prince of Wales, the eldest son of Henry VII of England and heir to the throne, due to the English ancestry she inherited from her mother Queen Isabella I of Castile.

At the time, the house of Trastámara was the most prestigious in Europe, due to the rule of the Catholic Monarchs, so the alliance of Catherine and Arthur validated the House of Tudor in the eyes of European royalty and also strengthened the Tudor claim to the English throne via Catherine of Aragon's ancestry.

To settle the matter, it was agreed that Catherine would marry Henry VII's second son, Henry, Duke of York, who was five years younger than she was.

Catherine testified that her marriage to Arthur was never consummated, as also according to canon law, a marriage was not valid until consummated.

Some examples of these de facto rulers are Empress Dowager Cixi of China ( for son Tongzhi and nephew Guangxu Emperors ), Prince Alexander Menshikov ( for his former lover Empress Catherine I of Russia ), Grigori Rasputin through Tsarina Alexandra ( for Tsar Nicholas II of Russia ), Cardinal Richelieu of France ( for Louis XIII ), and Queen Marie Caroline of Naples and Sicily ( for her husband King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies ).

Catherine was not quite 21 and was left a widow and Dowager Queen of England.

It is thought that, in 1533, Catherine spent her time with the widow of her cousin Sir Walter Strickland, the Dowager Lady Strickland, Catherine Neville at the Strickland's family residence of Sizergh Castle in Westmorland ( now Cumbria ).

( Following the annulment of Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon, Catherine officially reverted to her earlier title of Dowager Princess of Wales, as the widow of Henry's older brother, Arthur, Prince of Wales, because Henry did not wish to acknowledge that he had ever been legally married to her.

Edmund was the eldest son of the king's mother, Dowager Queen Catherine, by her liaison with Owen Tudor.

She would not see her mother or siblings again except for her younger sister Catherine of Aragon in 1506, who was then the Princess Dowager of Wales.

# John Woodville ( d. 1469 ), married Catherine Neville, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk.

# John Woodville ( 1445 – 1469 ), married Catherine Neville, Dowager Duchess of Norfolk.

It was Evreinov, in the service of Empress Elisabeth, who squarely warned around the period 1745 – 1746 the 16-year-old German-born married lady Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg, later Dowager Empress Catherine II of Russia, about the rumours about her at the Imperial Court, then, candid and innocent mixings with the Tchernysov siblings, particularly Zakhar, the eldest.

His wife and mother-in-law ( Grissim ) were descendants of Owen Tudor, second husband of Catherine of Valois, Dowager Queen of England.

Her elegant, gay receptions, where she appeared sumptuously dressed, surrounded by ladies-in-waiting and chamberlains, were in sharp contrast with the simple court life of Tsar Alexander I, whose retiring ways and the withdrawn personality of his wife were no match for the Dowager Empress ' old splendor in the style of the time of Catherine the Great.

After the death of the king, Catherine lived as a widow for 61 years ; she was the first Swedish dowager queen given the title " Riksänkedrottning ", which means " The Queen Dowager of the Realm ".

She claimed ( without success or entitlement ) precedence over the Dowager Queen Catherine Parr.

Jane followed the Queen Dowager, Catherine Parr, to her new residence and was soon established as a member of the inner circle of the young King.

However, in September 1533, three months after the death of the Duke's wife, Mary Tudor ( sister of Henry VIII and Queen Dowager of France ), Brandon chose to marry Catherine himself.

* Princess Catherine Yurievskaya, the youngest daughter of Alexander II of Russia, lived on Hayling Island for many years and was buried at St Peter's church in 1959.

His family life was not so happy ; his beloved wife Maria Alexandrovna had serious problems with her lungs, which led to her death and to the dissolution of the close-knit family due to his quick morganatic marriage to his longtime mistress, Princess Catherine Dolgoruki.

Princes Dmitri and Prince Nicholas Romanov were present at the ceremony, along with Princess Catherine Ioannovna of Russia, daughter of Prince Ioann Konstantinovich of Russia.

Princess Catherine who was 90 years old at the time, and died in Montevideo Uruguay the following year, was the last member of the Imperial Family to be born before the fall of the dynasty, and was ultimately to become the last surviving uncontested dynast of the Imperial House of Russia.

* November 26 – Princess Catherine of Portugal, writer ( d. 1463 )

* January 9 – Princess Catherine Pavlovna of Russia, Queen of Württemberg ( b. 1788 )

* July 16 – Princess Henriette Catherine of Nassau marries John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, in Groningen.

## married in 1446 Princess Catherine of Saxony ( 1421 – 1476 )

* March 26 – The Treaty of Medina del Campo between England and Spain includes provision for a marriage between Arthur, the son of King Henry VII of England, and Princess Catherine of Aragon.

* June 17 – Princess Catherine of Portugal, writer ( b. 1436 )

She was the first Princess of Wales for over two hundred years, the last one being Catherine of Aragon.

While some past princesses, for example Catherine of Aragon, Alexandra of Denmark and Mary of Teck, were called " Princess Catherine ", " Princess Alexandra " and " Princess Mary ", that was because they were already princesses ( of Spain, Denmark and Teck respectively ) when they married.

* Princess Catherine Beatrice of Savoy ( Turin, 6 November 1636 – Turin, 26 August 1637 ) twin of the above

* Philippa Gregory, The Constant Princess, a story about the young Catherine of Aragon and her early life in England

In April 1547, using Edward ’ s support to circumvent Somerset ’ s opposition, Thomas Seymour secretly married Henry VIII's widow Catherine Parr, whose Protestant household included the 11-year-old Lady Jane Grey and the 13-year-old Princess Elizabeth.

In summer 1548, a pregnant Catherine Parr discovered Thomas Seymour embracing Princess Elizabeth.

*# Catherine, Princess of France ( Paris, 4 February 1378 – November 1388, buried at Abbaye De Maubuisson, France ), m. John of Berry, Count of Montpensier ( son of John, Duke of Berry )