There is an overlap between biological warfare and chemical warfare, as the use of toxins produced by living organisms is considered under the provisions of both the Biological Weapons Convention and the Chemical Weapons Convention.

Chemical warfare ( CW ) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons.

This type of warfare is distinct from Nuclear warfare and Biological warfare, which together make up NBC, the military acronym for Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical ( warfare or weapons ), all of which are considered " weapons of mass destruction " ( WMD ).

Chemical warfare does not depend upon explosive force to achieve an objective.

Chemical warfare is different from the use of conventional weapons or nuclear weapons because the destructive effects of chemical weapons are not primarily due to any explosive force.

The offensive use of living organisms ( such as anthrax ) is considered biological warfare rather than chemical warfare ; however, the use of nonliving toxic products produced by living organisms ( e. g. toxins such as botulinum toxin, ricin, and saxitoxin ) is considered chemical warfare under the provisions of the Chemical Weapons Convention ( CWC ).

* Chemical warfare, involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons to kill, injure, or incapacitate an enemy

* Chemical warfare

After work by Johns Hopkins University in the 1950s there was a concept for Direct Injection Antipersonnel Chemical Biological Agent ( DIACBA ) where flechettes were grooved, hollow pointed, or otherwise milled to retain a quantity of chemical biological warfare agent to deliver through a ballistic wound.

Pepper spray is banned for use in war by Article I. 5 of the Chemical Weapons Convention, which bans the use of all riot control agents in warfare whether lethal or less-than-lethal.

Category: Chemical warfare

* Chemical warfare

Former units include the U. S. Army Chemical Activity, Pacific, at Johnston Atoll, which traced some of its history to the 267th Chemical Company and the Project 112 biological warfare defense experiments.

* Chemical warfare

Category: Chemical warfare

When the U. S. Air Force ( USAF ) wanted a biological warfare capability, the Chemical Corps offered Agent US in the M114 bomblet, based after the 4-pound bursting bomblet developed for anthrax in World War II.

Fort Terry went through a period of activations and deactivations through World War II until the U. S. Army Chemical Corps took over the facility in 1952 for use in anti-animal biological warfare ( BW ) research.

The words, with some variations, are used in the track Jerusalem on Bruce Dickinson's album The Chemical Wedding, which also includes lines from book two of Milton.

Chemical elements may also be categorized by their origin on Earth, with the first 98 considered to be naturally occurring, while those with atomic numbers beyond 98 have only been produced artificially as the synthetic products of man-made nuclear reactions.

Chemical thermodynamics involves not only laboratory measurements of various thermodynamic properties, but also the application of mathematical methods to the study of chemical questions and the spontaneity of processes.

Chemical affinity can also refer to the tendency of an atom or compound to combine by chemical reaction with atoms or compounds of unlike composition.

Chemical stimulation can also induce seizures ; repeated exposures to some pesticides have been shown to induce seizures in both humans and animals.

Many laboratories used a two-step method: Chemical precipitation of lipoproteins containing apoprotein B, then calculating HDL associated cholesterol as the cholesterol remaining in the supernate, and there are also direct methods.

The pamphlet on the Eucharist was also reprinted at Toulouse, in 1835, under the title of Quatre Lettres sur la Trans-substantiation, and appeared in an English translation, by John W. Hamersley, as the Chemical Change in the Eucharist, 1867.

It also operates missions to the United Nations in New York City and Geneva, the European Council, and non-member representation to the European Union, Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation Organization, the OSCE, NATO, World Trade Organization, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Chemical tests are also used for some genera.

Chemical analysis found that samples of polywater were contaminated with other substances ( explaining the changes in melting and boiling points ), and examination of polywater via electron microscopy showed that it also contained small particles of various solids from silicon to phospholipids, explaining its greater viscosity.

Chemical irritation can also trigger sinusitis, commonly from cigarette smoke and chlorine fumes.

Chemical processes may also be employed to reduce the amount of antigenic protein in Hevea latex, resulting in alternative Hevea-based materials such Vytex Natural Rubber Latex that, while not completely hypoallergenic, do provide lessened exposure to latex allergens.

Chemical weathering also releases readily water-soluble cations such as calcium, sodium and magnesium, which give basaltic areas a strong buffer capacity against acidification.

The University of Manchester has a hall of residence called Dalton Hall ; it also established two Dalton Chemical Scholarships, two Dalton Mathematical Scholarships, and a Dalton Prize for Natural History.

Graham also founded the Chemical Society of London in 1841.

Dewar was also the President of the Chemical Society in 1897 and the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1902, as well as serving on the Royal Commission established to examine London's water supply from 1893 to 1894 and the Committee on Explosives.

Chemical burns, biological agents, and thermal agents, from sources such as welding torches and UV light also contribute to occupational eye injury.

Smith has noted he looks at Cure-influenced bands like Interpol and My Chemical Romance with affection, adding, " I also think bassist Carlos D .' s obsession with Simon Gallup is sweet.

She also completed guest vocals on My Chemical Romance's 2006 concept album The Black Parade, portraying “ Mother War ,” a dark conception of the main character's mother, in the song Mama.

The Pansy is the flower of Osaka, Japan, and was the name of the Epiphone Elitist Les Paul Custom guitar with an Alpine White finish played by guitarist Frank Iero ( whose nickname, coincidentally, is also Pansy ) of the band My Chemical Romance.

Chemical effects such as the dissolution of soluble gases and slightly soluble substances, surface tension depression by organic substances and accommodation coefficient changes are also included in the second indirect effect.

Chemical methylation of tissue samples is also one method for reducing certain histological staining artifacts.

There were also attempts to fractionate synthetic high polymers ; however, it was not until 1964, when J. C. Moore of the Dow Chemical Company published his work on the preparation of Gel Permeation Chromatography ( GPC ) columns based on cross-linked polystyrene with controlled pore size, that a rapid increase of research activity in this field began.

The university has courses in pure technical studies such as Applied Physics, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Informatics / Computer Science and Industrial Engineering and also offers courses in Communication, Psychology, Economical Sciences, Business, Public Administration, Applied Medicine and Biomedical Technology ; the latter attract a broader public.