And then I put the question as pointedly as I could directly to Chiang Kai-shek: `` In America '', I said, `` practically no one believes that you subjectively intend to re-enter the Mainland.

* 1927 – April 12 Incident: Chiang Kai-shek orders the Communist Party of China members executed in Shanghai, ending the First United Front.

There was a 3 day ban after the death of Chiang Kai-shek.

Shortly after World War II, the civil war resumed in China between the Kuomintang ( KMT ) led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek and the Communist Party of China led by Mao Zedong.

Chiang Kai-shek and 600, 000 Nationalist troops and 2 million refugees, predominantly from the government and business community, fled from the mainland to the island of Taiwan.

Though the United States refused to aide Chiang Kai-shek in his hope to " recover the mainland ," it continued supporting the Republic of China with military supplies and expertise to prevent Taiwan from falling into PRC hands.

After Sun's death from cancer in 1925, one of his protégés, Chiang Kai-shek, seized control of the Kuomintang ( Nationalist Party or KMT ) and succeeded in bringing most of south and central China under its rule in a military campaign known as the Northern Expedition ( 1926 – 1927 ).

When Chiang was defeated by CPC forces in mainland China in 1949, he retreated to Taiwan with his government and his most disciplined troops, along with most of the KMT leadership and a large number of their supporters ; Chiang Kai-shek had taken effective control of Taiwan at the end of WWII as part of the overall Japanese surrender, when Japanese troops in Taiwan surrendered to Republic of China troops.

The Generalissimo: Chiang Kai-shek and the Struggle for Modern China.

Chiang Kai-shek ( October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975 ) was a political and military leader of 20th-century Mainland China and Taiwan.

Unlike Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek was socially conservative, promoting traditional Chinese culture in the New Life Movement and rejecting western democracy and the nationalist democratic socialism that Sun Yat-sen and some other members of the KMT embraced in favor of a nationalist authoritarian government.

Chiang Kai-shek returned to Guangzhou, and in 1924 was appointed Commandant of the Whampoa Military Academy by Sun.

In the West and in the Soviet Union, Chiang Kai-shek was known as the " Red General ".

Chiang Kai-shek ( right ) with future Prime Minister of Japan | Japanese Prime Minister Tsuyoshi Inukai ( center ), Pan-Asianism | Pan-Asianist leader Tōyama Mitsuru ( left ) in Japan ( 1929 )

Contrary to Communist propaganda that Chiang was pro-capitalism, Chiang Kai-shek antagonized the capitalists of Shanghai, often attacking them and confisticating their capital and assets for the use of the government.

The relationship between Chiang Kai-shek and Chinese capitalists remained poor throughout the period of his administration.

Once Chiang Kai-shek was done with his White Terror on pro-communist laborers, he proceeded to turn on the capitalists.

Chiang Kai-shek ( right ) meets with the Muslim Generals Ma Bufang ( second from left ), and Ma Buqing ( first from left ) in Xining at August 1942.

In 1942 Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek personally went on tour in Northwestern China in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, and Qinghai, where he met both Muslim Generals Ma Buqing and Ma Bufang.

Under orders from Chiang Kai-shek, Ma Bufang repaired Yushu airport to prevent Tibetan separatists from seeking independence.

Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill met at the Cairo Conference ( 1943 ) | Cairo Conference in 1943 during World War II. With the attack on Pearl Harbor and the opening of the Pacific War, China became one of the Allied Powers.

This was meant to fulfill President Roosevelt's promise to Chiang Kai-shek to begin bombing operations against Japan by November 1944.

Chiang spoke again, this time at greater length.

Chiang resigned from the office for one month in disagreement with Sun's extremely close cooperation with the Comintern, but returned at Sun's demand.

The early years at Whampoa allowed Chiang to cultivate a cadre of young officers loyal to both the KMT and himself.

A contest ensued between Chiang, who stood at the right wing of the KMT, and Sun Yat-sen's close comrade-in-arms Wang Jingwei, who leaned towards the left.

Chiang crushed pro-communist worker and peasant organizations and rich Shanghai capitalists at the same time.

After Guangdong fell to the Communists, Chiang relocated the government to Chongqing, while Li effectively surrendered his powers and flew to New York for treatment of his chronic duodenum illness at the Hospital of Columbia University.

In the early morning of December 10, 1949, Communist troops laid siege to Chengdu, the last KMT controlled city in mainland China, where Chiang Kai-shek and his son Chiang Ching-kuo directed the defense at the Chengdu Central Military Academy.

After meeting with the Japanese Prime Minister, Eisaku Sato, Whitlam observed that the reason Japan at that time was hesitant to withdraw recognition from the Nationalist government was " the presence of a treaty between the Japanese government and that of Chiang Kai-shek ".

In 1975, 26 years after Chiang came to Taiwan, he died in Taipei at the age of 87.

In 2004, Chiang Fang-liang, the widow of Chiang Ching-kuo, asked that both father and son be buried at Wuzhi Mountain Military Cemetery in Xizhi, Taipei County ( now New Taipei City ).

When the Northern Expedition was complete, Kuomintang Generals led by Chiang Kai-shek paid tribute to Dr. Sun's soul in heaven with a sacrificial ceremony at the Xiangshan Temple in Beijing in July 1928.

Mitter concludes by writing that " one can imagine Chiang Kai-shek's ghost wandering round China today nodding in approval, while Mao's ghost follows behind him, moaning at the destruction of his vision ".

Thus, the actual name that Chiang received at birth was Jiang Ruiyuan ().

The entrance to Chiang's tombsite at Tzuhu ( Cihu ) uses the official posthumous rendering of Chiang Kai-shek ( Horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts | from right to left ): The President ( space ) Lord Chiang Mausoleum.

For many years passengers arriving at the Chiang Kai-shek International Airport were greeted by signs in Chinese welcoming them to the " Chung Cheng International Airport ".

Chiang also supported the Muslim General Ma Zhongying, whom he had trained at Whampoa Military Academy during the Kumul Rebellion, in a Jihad against Jin Shuren, Sheng Shicai, and the Soviet Union during the Soviet Invasion of Xinjiang.

During the Ili Rebellion and Peitashan incident, Chiang deployed Hui troops against Uyghur mobs in Turfan, and against Soviet Russian and Mongols at Peitashan.

The young Chiang Kai-shek, for instance, briefly attended Yuan's Baoding Military Academy, which thus influenced him in forming his Whampoa Academy, which trained a succeeding generation of soldiers.

Chiang Ching-kuo, educated in the Soviet Union, initiated Soviet-style military organization in the Republic of China Military.

When Chiang became President of China after the Northern Expedition, he carved out Ningxia and Qinghai out of Gansu province, and appointed Muslim Generals as Military Governors of all three provinces: Ma Hongkui, Ma Hongbin, and Ma Qi.

Dr. Sun initiated this anti merchant policy, and Chiang Kai-shek enforced it, Chiang led his army of Whampoa Military Academy graduates to defeat the merchant's army.

Chiang Ching-kuo, appointed as Kuomintang director of Secret Police in 1950, was educated in the Soviet Union, and initiated Soviet style military organization in the Republic of China Military, reorganizing and Sovietizing the political officer corps, surveillance, and Kuomintang party activities were propagated throughout the military.

* October 8 – Chiang Kai-shek is named as Generalissimo ( Chairman of the National Military Council ) of the Nationalist Government of the Republic of China.

By 1924, Chiang became the head of the Whampoa Military Academy, and rose to prominence as Sun's successor as head of the KMT.

Here Chiang Kai-shek and his son Chiang Ching-kuo directed the city's defense from the Chengdu Central Military Academy, before the aircraft May-ling evacuated them to Taiwan ; they would never return to mainland China.

Chiang Ching-kuo, educated in the Soviet Union, initiated Soviet style military organization in the Republic of China Military, reorganizing and Sovietizing the political officer corps, surveillance, and Kuomintang party activities were propagated throughout the military.

In January 2004, Chiang Fang-liang asked that both father and son be buried at Wuchih Mountain Military Cemetery in Hsichih, Taipei County ( now New Taipei City ).

Sun Yat-sen ( middle, dressed in white ) and Chiang Kai-shek ( on stage in uniform ) at the founding of the Whampoa Military Academy in 1924.

He established the Whampoa Military Academy near Guangzhou with Chiang Kai-shek as the commandant of the National Revolutionary Army ( NRA ).

After the war, he was made Chief of the US Military Advisory Group to the Nationalist Chinese Government led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek ( 1946 – 1948 ).

On July 9, 1926, Chiang gave his lecture to 100, 000 soldiers of the National Revolutionary Army ( NRA ), which was set up by the students trained in the Whampoa Military Academy and equipped with Russian and German weapons in the opening ceremony, which was the official commencement of Northern Expedition.

A trusted protégé of Chiang Kai-shek, Du was a graduate of the first cadet class at the Whampoa Military Academy.

With his sibling Chiang Ching-kuo being held as a virtual political hostage in the Soviet Union by Joseph Stalin having previously been a student studying in Moscow, Chiang sent Wei-kuo to Germany for a military education at the Munich Military Academy ( Kriegshochschule ).