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Page "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" ¶ 58
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Christiaan and Huygens
* 1629 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician ( d. 1695 )
In 1691 Gottfried Leibniz, Christiaan Huygens, and Johann Bernoulli derived the equation in response to a challenge by Jakob Bernoulli.
The mathematical description was derived in 1659 by Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens.
Augustin-Jean Fresnel did more definitive studies and calculations of diffraction, made public in 1815 and 1818, and thereby gave great support to the wave theory of light that had been advanced by Christiaan Huygens and reinvigorated by Young, against Newton's particle theory.
It was notable for containing the principles of the stereographic and the orthographic projections, and it inspired the works of Desargues and Christiaan Huygens.
* Christiaan Huygens 1629 – 1695 ( Netherlands )
Christiaan Huygens experimented with gunpowder in 1673 in an early attempt to build an internal combustion engine, but he did not succeed.
The Huygens – Fresnel principle ( named after Dutch physicist Christiaan Huygens and French physicist Augustin-Jean Fresnel ) is a method of analysis applied to problems of wave propagation both in the far-field limit and in near-field diffraction.
* Christiaan Huygens
Christiaan Huygens, prior to Newton, had hypothesized that light was a wave propagating through an aether, but Newton rejected this idea.
In 1668, Wilkins proposed using Christopher Wren's suggestion of a pendulum with a half-period of one second to measure a standard length that Christiaan Huygens had observed to be 38 Rhineland or English inches ( 997mm ) in length.
* 1655 – Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is discovered by Christiaan Huygens.
There has been some debate about who the original inventor of the magic lantern is, but the most widely accepted theory is that Christiaan Huygens developed the original device in the late 1650s.
This phenomenon was first observed by Christiaan Huygens in 1665.
Christiaan Huygens published the first book on probability
Christiaan Huygens ( 1657 ) gave the earliest known scientific treatment of the subject.
File: Christiaan Huygens-painting. jpeg | Christiaan Huygens ( 1629-1695 ): studied the rings of Saturn and discovered its moon Titan, invented the pendulum clock, studied optics and centrifugal force, theorized that light consists of waves ( Huygens – Fresnel principle ) which became instrumental in the understanding of wave-particle duality.
Christiaan Huygens published a book on the subject in 1657 and in the 19th century a big work was done by Laplace in what can be considered today as the classic interpretation.
From its invention in 1656 by Christiaan Huygens until the 1930s, the pendulum clock was the world's most precise timekeeper, accounting for its widespread use.
The pendulum clock was invented in 1656 by Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens, and patented the following year.
Optics, for instance, was revolutionized by people like Robert Hooke, Christiaan Huygens, René Descartes and, once again, Isaac Newton, who developed mathematical theories of light as either waves ( Huygens ) or particles ( Newton ).

Christiaan and solved
The tautochrone problem, the attempt to identify this curve, was solved by Christiaan Huygens in 1659.

Christiaan and published
* Christiaan Huygens writes the first book to be published on probability theory, De ratiociniis in ludo aleae (" On Reasoning in Games of Chance ").
In 1673, Christiaan Huygens published his theory of the pendulum, Horologium Oscillatorium sive de motu pendulorum.
The nebula was independently discovered by several other prominent astronomers in the following years, including, in 1656, Christiaan Huygens ( whose sketch was the first published, in 1659 ).
The first tables for the equation of time which accounted for its annual variations in an essentially correct way were published in 1665 by Christiaan Huygens.
* Christiaan Huygens, in his posthumously published book Kosmotheoros, argues that other planets in the solar system could contain extraterrestrial life, starting a debate that extends into the 21st century.
* Christiaan Huygens writes the first book to be published on probability theory, De ratiociniis in ludo aleae (" On Reasoning in Games of Chance ").
In 1673, 17 years after he invented the pendulum clock, Christiaan Huygens published his mathematical analysis of pendulums, Horologium Oscillatorium.
Augustin-Jean Fresnel did more definitive studies and calculations of diffraction, published in 1815 and 1818, and thereby gave great support to the wave theory of light that had been advanced by Christiaan Huygens and reinvigorated by Young, against Newton's particle theory.
" He wrote two books on the subject, one published in 1647 and the other in 1668, which cover some two or three thousand closely printed pages ; the fallacy in the quadrature was pointed out by Christiaan Huygens.
Drawing of one of his first balance springs, attached to a balance wheel, by Christiaan Huygens, inventor of the balance spring, published in his letter in the Journal des Sçavants of 25 February 1675.

Christiaan and much
It is striking, that Christiaan senior imparted the ' modern ' system of 7 note names to the boys, instead of the traditional, but much more complicated hexachord system.
The first powerful telescopes of Keplerian construction were made by Christiaan Huygens after much labor — in which his brother assisted him.

Christiaan and later
This cosmology was accepted by Isaac Newton, Christiaan Huygens and later scientists.
A week later he was buried in the Grote Kerk in the Hague, together with his son, the famous scientist Christiaan Huygens.
This proposal was readily accepted, and Christiaan Eijkman was appointed its first Director, at the same time being made Director of the " Dokter Djawa School " ( Javanese Medical School ) which later become University of Indonesia.
It was first introduced by Claude Perrault in 1670, and later studied by Sir Isaac Newton ( 1676 ) and Christiaan Huygens ( 1692 ).

Christiaan and book
At the time, such speculation was of a rather rarefied sort, and was limited to astronomers like Christiaan Huygens who wrote a book, Cosmotheoros ( 1698 ) considering the possibility of life on other planets ; or to philosophers like Campanella, who wrote in defense of Galileo.

Christiaan and .
* 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1930 )
Christiaan Neethling Barnard ( 8 November 1922 – 2 September 2001 ) was a South African cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first successful human-to-human heart transplant.
It was designed by architect Louis Christiaan Kalff, while the exhibition was conceived by James Gardner.
The government successfully repressed the Indian protesters, but the public outcry over the harsh treatment of peaceful Indian protesters by the South African government forced South African leader Jan Christiaan Smuts, himself a philosopher, to negotiate a compromise with Gandhi.
* 1930 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician and pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1858 )
* 1922 – Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon ( d. 2001 )

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